T. verrucosum Infection has been reported for the first time in 1986 in Korea and has been increasing progressively. To evaluate the progress of clinical and histopathological change of dermatophytosis caused by T. verrucosum, inoculation study, using T. verrucosum isolated from infected human (human strain) and from infected cattle (cattle strain), was done in 24 male albino Hartley guinea pig. Their clinical and histopathological changes were evaluated. In addition, comparison for the growth rate between human strain and cattle strain on Sabouraud's glucose agar was made. The results were as follows: 1. Growth rate on Sabouraud's glucose agar: Cattle strain showed significantly more rapid growth rate than human strain on Sabouraud's glucose rate at 25℃ and 37℃. And cattle strain showed more rapid growth rate at 37℃ than 25℃. But human strain showed no significant difference of growth rate at both temperature. 2. Clinical findings: Initial erythema, scale and crust were developed about 8th after inoculation. All three findings reached maximum severity about 12th to 16th day and disappeared about 30th to 34th day after inoculation. There was no significant difference in progress of erythema, scale and crust between cattle strain and human strain. 3. Histopathological findings: Although mild acanthosis was noticed on the 3rd day after inoculation, the other findings including parakeratosis, intraepidermal abscess, spongiosis and vascular change, cellular infiltration were found on 9th day after inoculation. They reached maximum severity on the 12th day and lasted to the 25th day after inoculation. After that, all three findings were decreased gradually between 29th day and 33th day. On the PAS staining, hyphae and spores were found on the 6th day and disappeared on the 21th day after inoculation. 4. In trichophyton skin test, all of the 24 guinea pigs became positive within average 9.83±1.17 days These findings suggested that dermatophytosis caused by T.verrucosum induced rapid cell mediated immunity and contributed to rapid resolution of the lesion.
Abscess ; Agar ; Animals ; Cattle ; Erythema ; Glucose ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Immunity, Cellular ; Korea ; Male ; Parakeratosis ; Skin Tests ; Spores ; Tinea ; Trichophyton*

PURPOSE: Moyamoya disease is a primary vascular disease characterized by stenosis that is followed by occlusion of the intracranial portion of the internal carotid artery and other vessels of the circle of Willis. Since there has not been any specific reports about clinical manifestation in children, we plan to study on clinical manifestation through these patients who have moyamoya disease. METHODS: We have reviewed our case of moyamoya disease in patients admitted to Yonsei University College of Medicine and analyzed their age & sex distribution as well as clinical manifestations, together with brain CT and angiographic findings. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) Fifty cases of moyamoya disease were encounted during a 10-year period. 2) The male to female ratio was 1:2.3 and mean age was 6.3 years old. 3) The most common chief complaint on admission was hemiparesis followed by convulsion. 4) 42 patients(84%) showed infarction on brain CT and only 5 patients(10%) showed hemorrhage. Most common lesion was frontal lobe. 5) Bilateral occlusion of the internal carotid arteries was most common site of lesions on cerebral angiography.
Brain ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral Angiography ; Child ; Circle of Willis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Frontal Lobe ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Male ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Paresis ; Seizures ; Sex Distribution ; Vascular Diseases

Tsutsugamushi disease is an acute febrile disease caused by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, and which has been reported with increasing frequency thorough the nation since 1986. We experienced 21 cases of Tsutsugamushi Disease diagnosed with serologic test occurring in Taegu city and Kyungpook province during October-November, 1989. The results of survey are as follow. 1) Of 21 cases, 12 (57%) were males and 9 (43%) were females, and the peak incidence was the 4th decade. 2) The outbreak was in October to November and the peak incidence was in October. 3) The most frequent symptoms were fever and chill (100%), myalgia (95%), headache (90%), Eschar and rash were observed in 18 patients (86%) and the eschar was detected in all over the body, especially thorax (33%) and lower extremity (22%). 4) Laboratory features were SGOT elevation (83%), SGPT elevation (61%), LDH elevation (67%), leukocytosis (38%). 5) Indirect immunofluorescent antibody test was done in 18 patients and the antibody titer was above 1:320 in all patients. 6) The chloramphenicol, tetracycline or doxycycline regimens were very effective and mean duration of defervescence from initiation of therapy was 1.3 days. 7) The complication such as meningitis or shock, was not seen.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Chloramphenicol ; Daegu ; Doxycycline ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukocytosis ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Meningitis ; Myalgia ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Scrub Typhus* ; Serologic Tests* ; Shock ; Tetracycline ; Thorax

Fetal bilateral renal agenesis is a lethal congenital anomaly. An early and reliable prenatal diagnosis is extremely important as it may offer options for pregnancy termination as early as possible. The criteria for the ultrasonographic diagnosis of bilateral renal agenesis are severe oligohydramnios, nonvisualization of the bladder, and the empty renal fossa. However, severe oligohydramnios makes it difficult to diagnose the disease because of poor sonographic resolution. We present two cases of bilateral renal agenesis, one is diagnosed by ultrasonography after amnioinfusion at 24 weeks gestation, the other is diagnosed postnatally after term delivery.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Oligohydramnios ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.
Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

Since the first cases of tsutsugamushi disease reported in Korea in 1986, many cases has been reported and its occurrence has been increasing. Only 2 cases has been reported in Taegu city and Kyungpook area. We experienced an outbreak of 26 cases of tsutsugamushi disease in this area and their clinical manifestations are; 1. The outbreak occurred in September to November in 1988 and its peak occurrence was in October. 2. Mean age was 52 years old (18 to 69 years old) and peak incidence was in the 6th decade. 3. Major symptoms and abnormal signs are fever/chills (88%), myalgia (65%), headache (54%), nausea and vomiting (31%), and abdominal pain (27%). The eschar was detected on lower part of body in most of cases, and more frequently in male (M:F 100 vs 58%). 4. Patients were treated with tetracyclines (TC) and/or chlorampenicol (CM) and mean duration of defervescence from initiation of antibiotic therapy was 2.1days with TC and 2.5 days with CM. 5. Complications are 2 cases of meningitis and 1 case of shock, and all cases were recovered without any sequelae. As above, tsutsugamushi disease occurs in Taegu city and Kyung Pook area as other part of Korea and clinical manifestations are similar to other reports.
Abdominal Pain ; Daegu* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Meningitis ; Myalgia ; Nausea ; Scrub Typhus* ; Shock ; Tetracyclines ; Vomiting

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Chancre* ; Eczema* ; Nipples*

Testosterone is required for the development and maintenance of the male accessory sex organs and their normal function. And it was reported that castration affect cells in the adult male rat accessory sex glands by induction of programmed cell death (apoptosis). So, in this study, the authors made an experiment to evaluate the effect of testosterone in the maure male rat penis and accessory sex glands following castration. Also, we utilized actinomycin D, a potent inhibitor of messenger and ribosomal RNA synthesis, in the experiment herein to assess the significance of regression process in the glands. Following are the changes in the serum testosterone level, the weight of the penis, ventral prostate and seminal vesicles and apoptosis occurrence of the control (castration, castration normal saline) and experimental (castration AD25, castration AD50) group of mature rats. 1. After castration, the control group and the experimental group showed decreased level of serum testosterone. 2. In the both groups, the weight of the penis, ventral prostate and seminal vesicles decreased gradually. 3. Compared to the control group, the castration AD25 did not show the inhibition of castration induced regression of penis and ventral prostate. However, castration AD50 showed the inhibition. 4 In the H-E staining and ApoTag in situ staining, the ventral prostate showed the most prominent apoptosis occurrence followed by the seminal vesicles and penis. These results suggest that after castration of the mature rat, due to testosterone deficiency, the weight of penis, ventral prostate and seminal vesicles decreased with the occurrence of apoptosis. Also, actinomycin D 50 micrometer seems to delay the regression process.
Adult ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Castration* ; Cell Death ; Dactinomycin ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Male ; Penis* ; Prostate ; Rats* ; RNA, Ribosomal ; Seminal Vesicles ; Testosterone*

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the most common cause of death among patients with infectious disease in Korea. However, studies of pneumonia with septic shock in patients presenting to the emergency department are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors associated with pneumonia with septic shock in patients presenting to the emergency department. METHODS: From January 2008 to September 2014, patients with pneumonia with septic shock admitted through the emergency department were retrospectively examined. RESULTS: Of the 561,845 patients who visited the emergency department, 398 were admitted for pneumonia with septic shock. The 28-day mortality rate in these patients was 36.4%. The independent prognostic factors were old age (>70 yrs) (odds ratio [OR], 2.42; 95%, confidence interval [CI], 1.35-4.32), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08), leukopenia (OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 1.48-8.94), prolonged PT-INR (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.41-4.54), and hypoxemia (OR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.30-6.38). CONCLUSIONS: A poor prognosis of patients with pneumonia is associated with old age (>70 yrs), increased APACHE II score, leukopenia, prolonged PT-INR, and hypoxemia.
Anoxia ; APACHE ; Cause of Death ; Communicable Diseases ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukopenia ; Mortality ; Pneumonia* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Septic*