No abstract available.
Hyperplasia*

Cushing disease in children and adolescents, especially with multiple pituitary adenomas (MPAs), is very rare. We report 17-year-old boy with MPAs. He presented with a vertebral compression fracture, weight gain, short stature, headache, and hypertension. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), only a left pituitary microadenoma was found. After surgery, transient clinical improvement was observed but headache and hypertension were observed again after 3 months later. Follow-up MRI showed a newly developed right pituitary microadenoma 6 months after the surgery. The need for careful clinical and radiographic follow-up should be emphasized in the search for potential MPAs in patients with persistent Cushing disease.
Adolescent* ; Child ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Compression* ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion* ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Weight Gain

Henna, which is called Mehndi in Indian, is a plant that is widely used as a natural dyeing agent all over the world. It was introduced to Korea several years ago, and is now popular amongyoung people as a hair-dyeing agent and for temporary tattooing. The leaf of Henna contains naphthoquinone, which is the main coloring agent, and is not known to case skim sensitization. However, another coloring agent, in most cases, para-phenylenediamine space (PPD), is added to Henna tattooing, in order to speed up and darken the color. We report a case of allergic contact dermatitis in a 25-year-old female, which developed 3 weeks after Henna tattooing.
Adult ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Plants ; Tattooing*

BACKGROUND: There has been no general agreement on classifying basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and little is known about the squamous cell differentiations of each subtype of BCC. BCC is a locally-invasive tumor, but its aggressive forms tend to recur and metastasize. OBJECTIVE: We have compared the histolopathological subtypes of BCC by squamous differentiation, with special emphasis on basosquamous carcinoma and the difference between the non- aggressive and aggressive forms of BCC. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 87 BCC specimens were collected from the 7 branch hospitals of The Catholic University of Korea from July 1997 to June 2003. RESULTS: 1. The 87 samples were divided into 6 subtypes: 18 nodular, 19 nodular infiltrative, 12 micronodular, 14 infiltrative, 11 morpheaform, 13 basosquamous. Overall, 18 samples were classified as non- aggressive and the remaining 69 as aggressive. 2.In nodular-infiltrative BCC and basosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell differentiation was significantly more prominent than in the nodular BCC. CONCLUSION: Squamous cell differentiation should be considered as one of the aggressive markers, especially in nodule-forming BCC.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Basosquamous ; Cell Differentiation* ; Hospitals, Satellite ; Korea

Radiation-induced morphea in breast cancer patients who have been treated with radiotherapy is now a well-recognized clinical entity. It is characterized by marked sclerosis, erythema and pigmentary changes. We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with erythematous indurated patches on the right shoulder and back area where radiation therapy had been given for breast cancer. Histopathologic examination revealed marked thickening of the dermis, consisting of sclerotic, densely aggregated collagen bundles.
Breast Neoplasms ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Erythema ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Radiotherapy ; Scleroderma, Localized* ; Sclerosis ; Shoulder

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing disease with genetic and environmental background. Many factors may act as triggers and affect the course of the disease. However, little is known about the factors affecting the disease severities in Korean childhood AD. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to document the distinct characteristics of childhood AD in Korea and to determine which manifestations are prone to be present in the settings of different severity of the disease. METHOD: The clinical manifestations, past medical and family history, and inducing or aggravating factors were studied in patients, who participated in the open lectures for childhood AD patients in three provinces of Korea. The severity of the disease was evaluated using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and the factors affecting the severity of the disease were determined. Skin prick tests with four allergens, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, milk, peanut and egg, were also carried out. RESULTS: Of the 93 patients, 38.7% had the disease onset between the age of three and six, while 17.2% had it between the age of seven and fifteen. Sixty-five percent of the patients had family members with a history of atopic diseases, such as AD, asthma, allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis. In order of frequency, the patients either had a history of or presently accompanying infantile eczema, allergic rhinitis, asthma or allergic conjunctivitis. Among the patients, 27% took herbal medication. The most frequently involved site was the flexural area. The most common aggravating factors were sweating in hot environment, wool fabric and stress. When AD patients were categorized into mild, moderate and severe groups by EASI, the older onset age, the longer duration, facial distribution, history of taking herbal medication, cholinergic condition, wool fabric and stress were found to be significant factors influencing the severity of the disease. Skin prick test with the four major allergens revealed the highest prevalence in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. CONCLUSION: The age of onset of AD was higher than that has been reported. Many suffered from infantile dermatitis and had other accompanying atopic diseases. Aggravating factors should be avoided to minimize the risk of disease aggravation. Based on the fact that late onset age, duration, facial distribution, history of taking herbal medication, cholinergic condition, wool and stress were the statistically significant factors, we may predict the severity or the course of the disease.
Age of Onset ; Allergens ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides ; Asthma ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Eczema ; Humans ; Korea* ; Lectures ; Milk ; Ovum ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis ; Skin ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Wool

Objective: Bariatric surgery effectively treats non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The glutamate-serine-glycine (GSG) index has emerged as a non-invasive diagnostic marker for NAFLD, but its ability to monitor treatment response remains unclear. This study investigates the GSG index's ability to monitor NAFLD's response to bariatric surgery. Methodology: Ten NAFLD participants were studied at baseline and 6 months post-bariatric surgery. Blood samples were collected for serum biomarkers and metabolomic profiling. Hepatic steatosis [proton density fat fraction (PDFF)] and fibroinflammation (cT1) were quantified with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and hepatic stiffness with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). Amino acids and acylcarnitines were measured with mass spectrometry. Statistical analyses included paired Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon-signed rank test, and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Eight participants provided complete data. At baseline, all had hepatic steatosis (BMI 39.3 ± 5.6 kg/m2, PDFF ≥ 5%). Post-surgery reductions in PDFF (from 12.4 ± 6.7% to 6.2 ± 2.8%, p = 0.013) and cT1 (from 823.3 ± 85.4ms to 757.5 ± 41.6ms, p = 0.039) were significant, along with the GSG index (from 0.272 ± 0.03 to 0.157 ± 0.05, p = 0.001). Conclusion The GSG index can potentially be developed as a marker for monitoring the response of patients with NAFLD to bariatric surgery.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Amino Acids ; Metabolomics