It has been suspected that the cannula of the ultrasonic generator became heated during liposuction, and that the heated cannula might possibly damage the soft tissues such as vessels, nerves and muscles. To confirm these suspicions, the actual temperature of the cannula was measured after being switched on, and the influence of the heated cannula on the soft tissues of 30 rabbits was studied macroscopically and microscopically. When the cooling system of ultrasonic generator was not operated, the temperature of a cannula tip increased to 100degrees C in 10 seconds, and the temperature of a cannula shaft did not increase over 40 degrees C. When the cooling system of the ultrasonic generator was operated, the temperature of the cannula tip increased to 70 degrees C in 20 seconds and to 100 degrees C in 1 minute. The stronger ultrasonic power was, the higher the temperature of the cannula tip was. When the heated cannnula tip touched the muscles, vesseles and nerves directly, the arterial and venous walls were perforated in about 20 seconds and 10 seconds, respectively. Gross changes of the muscles, such as color change and depression of the contacted area, were seen in about 30 seconds, and histological changes occurred in about 3 seconds. When adding the Klein solution, an infiltration solution for increasing the destructive effects of the ultrasound, the onset time of tissue damage was significantly shortened in vessels and nerves, but there was no significant difference in muscles. Although there was no finding of damage by the ultrasonic wave itself on the vessels, nerves, and muscles during ultrasonic liposuction, this study confirmed that the heated cannula could damage vessels, nerves, and muscles. Thus we must try to avoid placing the cannula at certain areas for more than 10 seconds douring the ultrasonic liposuction.
Catheters* ; Depression ; Hot Temperature ; Lipectomy* ; Muscles* ; Rabbits ; Ultrasonics* ; Ultrasonography

A solitary, asymptomatic lesion, clinically resembling a transpare it cyst, has been present for 4 months in the vaginal mucosa of a 43-year-old healthy woman. An xcisional biopsy revealed the lesion to be a focal accumulatition of hyaluronic acid replacing the collagen fibers and fibroblastic proliferation in the dermis consistant with cutaneous focal mucinosis. During the follow-up period for 3 months, no recurrence was observed.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Mucinoses* ; Mucous Membrane* ; Recurrence

A solitary, asymptomatic lesion, clinically resembling a transpare it cyst, has been present for 4 months in the vaginal mucosa of a 43-year-old healthy woman. An xcisional biopsy revealed the lesion to be a focal accumulatition of hyaluronic acid replacing the collagen fibers and fibroblastic proliferation in the dermis consistant with cutaneous focal mucinosis. During the follow-up period for 3 months, no recurrence was observed.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Mucinoses* ; Mucous Membrane* ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to evaluate the abnormalities in eating attitude and the correlations between ego-identity and self-esteem among the urban high school girls. METHODS: Four hundred and thirty-six high school girls were investigated by using Eating Attitude Test for Korean Adolescent(EAT-26), Korean Adolescent Ego-identity Scale(KA-EIS) and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scales(SES). According to the score of EAT-26KA, the high risk group was identified. We compared weight, height, body mass index(BMI), KA-EIS and SES between the high risk group and the control group. According to BMI, we identified a underweight, normal weight, and overweight group among subjects, and then we compared weight, height, EAT-26KA, KA-EIS, and SES among the three groups. RESULTS: By EAT-26KA scores, 10.3% of girls had abnormal eating attitude and were considered as the high risk group for eating disorder. By BMI, 3.7%(N=16) of girls was overweight(BMI>25), 69.7%(N=304) was normal weight, and 26.6%(N=116) was underweight(BMI<19). The high risk group showed lower SES scores and 'self receptiveness' of KA-EIS than the control group. The overweight group showed higher EAT-26KA scores than other two groups. There were no significant differences in SES and KA-EIS among the three groups. KA-EIS was positively related to SES, and EAT-26KA was negatively related to SES. CONCLUSION: The distribution rate of the high risk group for eating disorder is 10.3%, and the high risk group has low self-esteem and is poor in self-receptiveness. The overweight group is more likely to have higher EAT-26KA scores than other two groups. Therefore, it is useful to educate adolescents for the healthy eating behaviors and to provide them with the programs which promote the self-esteem and self-receptiveness.
Adolescent ; Body Height ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Eating* ; Feeding Behavior ; Female* ; Humans ; Overweight ; Thinness

No abstract available.
Arthrogryposis*

PURPOSE: Polyarteritis nodosa is a necrotizing vasculitis affecting medium and small sized arteries throughout the vascular system, including ocular tissues. We report a case of orbital polyarteritis nodosa complicated with retinal vasculitis and exophthalmos. METHODS: A 51-year-old woman complained of swelling and hard mass in periorbital region for 3 months. The left eye was anophthalmos after enucleation secondary to corneal infection. The patient has treated marginal ulcer of the cornea and keratomalacia. Posterior synechia and motility disturbance of lateral rectus muscle were also revealed. Fundus examination showed focal retinal hemorrhage, macular hard exudate, and soft exudate, which may mean retinal vasculitis. Both eyes gradually developed exophthalmos. Orbital CT scan revealed homogenous infiltration in the orbit, ethmoid bone, and nasal cavity and perforation of the nasal septum. The pathologic examination for the biopsy specimen from the orbital tissue demonstrated a nongranulomatous vasculitis, diagnosing the polyarteritis nodosa. RESULTS: The authors present ocular manifestations, including marginal corneal ulcer, keratomalacia, dysfunction of the extraocular muscles, posterior synechia, retinal hemorrhage, soft exudate, hard exdate in the macula, and exophthalmos, in this patient with the polyarteritis nodosa.
Anophthalmos ; Arteries ; Biopsy ; Cornea ; Corneal Ulcer ; Ethmoid Bone ; Exophthalmos* ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscles ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Septum ; Orbit* ; Peptic Ulcer ; Polyarteritis Nodosa* ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retinal Vasculitis* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vasculitis

Medpor, the high density porous polyethylene, which permits rapid ingrowth of both soft tissues and vasculatures, is highly stable but somewhat flexible and is also easy to shape. So it has been often used for plastic and reconstructive surgeries including facial bone fractures, as well as orbital wall fractures. The authors investigated sex and age distribution, causes of injury, combined ocular injuries, and fracture sites of 45 blow-out fractures. And 27 orbital reconstructions was performed by using 0. 85mm thickness Medpor within 2 weeks after injury, if possible. During post-operative follow up, the preoperative diplopia was resolved or decreased in all cases, but the enophthalmos was not completely resolved. Much researches will be needed for choice of Medpor`s thickness or operation methods, and long term stability shoud be approved through further follow up.
Age Distribution ; Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Facial Bones ; Follow-Up Studies ; Orbit ; Orbital Fractures* ; Plastics ; Polyethylene

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Aorta*

No abstract available.
Vena Cava, Superior*

PURPOSE: To present the clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) including visual quality analysis in Korean patients with myopia METHODS: The medical records of 228 eyes of 116 patients who underwent SMILE in HanGil Eye Hospital LASIK Center from May 2014 to Feb 2015 and were followed-up for at least 3 months was analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed up at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. Refractive value, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and visual quality were measured at each visit RESULTS: Preoperatively, uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.02 in log MAR, spherical equivalent was -5.03 ± 1.72 diopters, intraocular pressure was 15.85 ± 2.85 mm Hg, and the objective scattering index (OSI) value was 0.68 ± 0.49. The postoperative uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.10, 0.05 ± 0.08, 0.04 ± 0.09, and 0.02 ± 0.04 and OSI was 2.16 ± 1.89, 1.25 ± 0.64, 1.14 ± 0.69, and 0.81 ± 0.36 at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation, respectively. The postoperative intraocular pressure was 12.55 ± 3.74 mm Hg, 13.03 ± 4.35 mm Hg, 11.65 ± 2.49 mm Hg at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. The efficacy of refractive surgery 3 months after the operation was 0.97 ± 0.11, the safety was 0.99 ± 0.10, and predictability was 99.56% and 100.00% at the range of ±0.5 diopters and ± 1.0 diopter, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SMILE operation showed comparable clinical outcomes with conventional refractive surgery in terms of efficacy, safety, and predictability. Intraocular pressure and visual quality normalized gradually throughout the 3-month postoperative period.
Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Medical Records ; Myopia ; Postoperative Period ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity