BACKGROUND: We studied how periodic and complex heart rate dynamic changes as pulmonary artery pressure increases in 32 infants with ventricular septal defet. In addition, we tested the possibility that the dynamical changes can be used to noninvasively predict the pulmonary artery pressure. METHODS: During cardiac catherterization, mean pulmonary artery pressure was measured and, at the same time, 5minute segments of continous electrocardiographic recording was stored. High-(>0.15 hertz) and low-(0.03-0.15 hertz) frequency components of heart rate variability were computed using spectral analysis. Yhe overall complexity of heart rate time series was quantified by its approximate entropy. RESULT: Pulmonary hypertensive infants(mean pulmonary artery pressure>20mmHg, n=17) had significantly lower low-(p<0.05)and high-(p<0.05) frequency power and lower approximate entropy(p<0.0001) than pulmonary normotensive infants(mean pulmonary artery pressure20mmHg, n=15). The mean pulmonary artery pressure was significantly correlated not with the spectral powers but with approximate entropy(=-0.51, P=0.0001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, in infants, pulmonary hypertension induced by left-to-right shunt lesions suppress both periodic and complex heart rate oscillation and that mean pulmonary artety pressure can be predicted by calculating approximate entropy of heart trate variability.
Electrocardiography ; Entropy ; Heart Rate* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Infant* ; Pulmonary Artery*

Negative pressure pulmonary edema (also known as postobstructive pulmonary edema) is a medical emergency that usually arises from attempted ventilations against an acutely obstructed upper airway, such as occurs during laryngospasm. Often this occurs in the perioperative period when general anesthesia is used. It is most important to the clinician because it must be promptly recognized and appropriately managed. Since hypoxia is the chief problem associated with this complication, adequate oxygen saturation remains the primary goal of treatment. We report a case of a 42-year-old female patient who was submitted to laparoscopic tubal reversal under general anesthesia and developed negative pressure pulmonary edema after an acute airway obstruction.
Adult ; Airway Obstruction ; Anesthesia, General ; Anoxia ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy* ; Laryngismus ; Oxygen ; Perioperative Period ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Ventilation

No abstract available.
Dinoprostone* ; Suppositories*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess levels of stress, coping style, and nursing needs for hospitalized pregnant women diagnosed with preterm labor. METHODS: Data were collected from 125 pregnant women aged between 20 and 40 years and diagnosed with preterm labor by OBGY units at 3 hospitals. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, t-test, and ANOVA with Scheffe test. RESULTS: The level of stress among women was an average of 2.13 out of 4 points, the level of coping style was an average of 2.66, and nursing needs was an average of 2.83 out of 4 points. The level of stress was significantly different by job, length of hospital stay, type of hospital, and history of admission at obstetric unit. The level of coping style was significantly different by age and monthly income. The level of nursing needs was significantly different by type of hospital. Higher level of stress and coping style were related to higher level of nursing needs. There was no significant correlation between stress and coping style. CONCLUSION: The result showed the importance of nursing intervention dealing with stress, coping style and nursing needs for women with preterm labor. Nurses need to provide nursing interventions to reduce the stress, to strengthen the coping style, and to satisfy the nursing needs for pregnant women hospitalized due to preterm labor.
Female ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Nursing* ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women*

PURPOSE: This qualitative study aimed to develop a substantive theory of the process of adaptation to motherhood in Central Asian-Korean immigrants to Korea.METHODS: Individual, in-depth interviews were conducted from July to September 2017, with 18 women who emigrated of Korean ethnicity from Central Asia to Korea, and took care of their baby for at least a year after their first delivery in Korea. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data from the transcriptions were analyzed through Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory method, and data analysis was conducted simultaneously with data collection.RESULTS: As a result of categorizing the interview data through the process of open coding, 10 categories, with 31 subcategories and 102 concepts were drawn, and “growth as a Central Asian-Korean mother in an unfamiliar, historical hometown” was found to be the core category of the process of adaptation to motherhood in Central Asian-Korean immigrants to Korea.CONCLUSION: A characteristic of the process of adaptation to motherhood in Central Asian-Korean immigrants to Korea, drawn from this study, is that it differs according to the level of initiative to carry out interaction strategies, and the use of various supportive social resources. The findings indicate the need for Medicare eligibility adjustment for antenatal care, the extension of the visa renewal period during childbirth, the development of web- or mobile application-based educational programs in Russian language, and the establishment of integrated visiting healthcare services, community service resources, and policy support to enable these women to utilize various supportive social resources.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Asia ; Clinical Coding ; Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Female ; Grounded Theory ; Humans ; Korea ; Medicare ; Methods ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Qualitative Research ; Social Welfare ; Statistics as Topic

Purpose: This qualitative study aimed to develop a substantive theory of the process of adaptation to motherhood in Central Asian-Korean immigrants to Korea. Methods: Individual, in-depth interviews were conducted from July to September 2017, with 18 women who emigrated of Korean ethnicity from Central Asia to Korea, and took care of their baby for at least a year after their first delivery in Korea. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data from the transcriptions were analyzed through Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory method, and data analysis was conducted simultaneously with data collection. Results: As a result of categorizing the interview data through the process of open coding, 10 categories, with 31 subcategories and 102 concepts were drawn, and “growth as a Central Asian-Korean mother in an unfamiliar, historical hometown” was found to be the core category of the process of adaptation to motherhood in Central Asian-Korean immigrants to Korea. Conclusion A characteristic of the process of adaptation to motherhood in Central Asian-Korean immigrants to Korea, drawn from this study, is that it differs according to the level of initiative to carry out interaction strategies, and the use of various supportive social resources. The findings indicate the need for Medicare eligibility adjustment for antenatal care, the extension of the visa renewal period during childbirth, the development of web- or mobile application-based educational programs in Russian language, and the establishment of integrated visiting healthcare services, community service resources, and policy support to enable these women to utilize various supportive social resources.

We evaluated the effects of guanosine 5′-monophosphate (GMP)-chelated calcium and iron (CaFe-GMP) on health and egg quality in layers experimentally infected with Salmonella Gallinarum. In this study, a CaFe-GMP feed additive was added to a commercial layer feed and fed to layers over a four-week period. All were inoculated with Salmonella Gallinarum. Body weight, mortality, clinical symptoms, and poultry production including feed intake, egg production, egg loss, and feed conversion rate were observed, and Salmonella Gallinarum was re-isolated from the liver, spleen, and cecum of the layers. All tested internal organs for the CaFe-GMP additive group exhibited significantly lower re-isolation numbers of Salmonella Gallinarum and less severe pathological changes than those in the control group, indicating that the CaFe-GMP feed supplement induced bacterial clearance and increased resistance to Salmonella Gallinarum. Additionally, due to the inhibitory action of CaFe-GMP on the growth of Salmonella Gallinarum, the CaFe-GMP additive group exhibited better egg production, including a higher laying rate and fewer broken eggs. The results suggest that a 0.16% CaFe-GMP additive may help prevent salmonellosis in the poultry industry.
Body Weight ; Calcium* ; Cecum ; Eggs ; Guanosine* ; Iron* ; Liver ; Mortality ; Ovum* ; Poultry ; Poultry Products ; Salmonella Infections ; Salmonella* ; Spleen

Acute hepatitis A is generally a mild, self-limiting disease of the liver. Acute renal failure is extremely rare in patients with acute non-fulminant hepatitis A. Acute tubular necrosis is the most common form of renal injury found in such patients. The 27 years old male patient visited our hospital with complaint of fatigue, nausea and vomiting. He was diagnosed with acute renal failure associated with acute non-fulminant hepatitis A. The renal biopsy demonstrates tubulointerstitial nephritis with focal tubular necrosis on light microscopy. We report here on a case of acute renal failure associated with non-fulminant hepatitis A, and we include a review of the literature.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Biopsy ; Fatigue ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis A ; Humans ; Light ; Liver ; Male ; Microscopy ; Nausea ; Necrosis ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; Vomiting

This study investigated the comparison of electromyographic change of neuromuscular blocking effect induced vecuronium between the ulnar, facial and tibial nerve in 24 healthy adult patients anesthetized with thiopental, N2O and enflurane. Neuromuscular monitoring commenced immediately after administration of thiopental. After supramaximal stimulation was achieved, a bolus of vecuronlum 0.08mg/kg was injected intravenously. And then single twitch nerve stimulation(T1) was applied to the nerves using surface electrodes and the electrical response of muscles recorded using the RELAXOGRAPH(Dates Co.). The patients were allocated randomly to 3 groups of 8 patients respectively: the ulnar nerve troup was the control, and the facial nerve group and the tibial nerve group were the studing group. We assessed electromyographic responses from abductor digiti minimi muscle in the ulnar nerve, orbicularis oris muscle in the facial nerve and flexor hallucis brevis muscle in the tibial nerve to single twitch nerve stimulation respectively. And the onset time, the time from injection of vecuronium to 25% and 75% recovery to T1, and recovery index of the ulnar, facial and tibial nerve groups were measured. The obtained results were as follos: 1) The onset time was faster in the facial nerve group compared with the ulnar nerve group. 2) The time from injection of vecuronium to 25% recovery of T1 was more prolonged in the facial nerve group compared with the ulnar nerve group. 3) The time from injection of vecuronium to 75% recovery of T1 and recovery index were more shorter in the tibial nerve group compared with ulnar nerve group.
Adult ; Electrodes ; Enflurane ; Facial Nerve ; Humans ; Muscles ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Neuromuscular Monitoring ; Thiopental ; Tibial Nerve* ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide*

PURPOSE: In this study, we determined that the troglitazones could induce uniform adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within a short time in a dose- and a time-dependent manners. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured in basal or adipogenic medium in the presence of 0~50 micrometer troglitazone for 5 days. Then we performed flow cytometry, RT-PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS: In FACS assay, troglitazone induced adipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. At concentration of 25 micrometer troglitazone in adipogenic medium, over 50% of the cells differentiated into adipocytes at day 5. This was accompanied by increased mRNA levels for the adipocyte gene markers (LPL, aP2 and PPAR gamma) in RT-PCR. In western blot analysis, we found that ERK phosphorylation was inhibited in the early stage of adipogenesis. CONCLUSION: Through the addition of troglitazone as a PPAR gamma agonist, we could get the uniform adipogenic differentiation within a short time. Thus, troglitazone directly regulates differentiation of human MSCs into adipocytes; induced PPAR gamma expression may play a key regulatory role in this process. And we suggest a role for ERK as a regulatory switch for these differentiation pathways.
Adipocytes ; Adipogenesis* ; Blotting, Western ; Bone Marrow ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans* ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells* ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors ; Peroxisomes* ; Phosphorylation ; PPAR gamma ; RNA, Messenger