After Drainage implant surgery, erosion of conjunctiva or cornea over tube can occur about 5%in late postoperative period. Scleral allograft for exposed tube should be used to prevent secondary infection. We report three glaucoma patients treated graft with autologous buccal mucosal transplantation for recurrent tube exposure. First case was a 68-year-old male patient with neovascular glaucoma due to central retinal vein occlusion. Second case was a 37-year-old female patient with pseudophakic glaucoma. Third case was a 70-year-old male patient with diabetic neovascular glaucoma. Ahmed glaucoma valve implant surgeries were done for three patients. For tube exposure, we used autologous buccal mucosal transplantation. There was no recurrent erosion and intraocular pressure was maintained well more than 6 months of follow-up. In cases for tube exposure, we introduce that autologous buccal mucosal transplantation can be used to treat tube exposure.
Adult ; Aged ; Allografts* ; Coinfection ; Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Drainage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Retinal Vein ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: To report the radiological and clinical outcomes of internal fixation using distal clavicle hook plates for distal clavicle fractures. METHODS: From April 2008 to December 2012, 32 patients with distal clavicle fractures underwent surgery using an AO hook plate. The reduction was qualified and evaluated according to the radiological findings. The evaluation of the clinical outcomes was performed with the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score, the Korean Shoulder score, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score. RESULTS: By radiological evaluation, we found that 31 of 32 patients showed anatomical reduction and solid bone union. Although we obtained satisfactory UCLA scores, Korean Shoulder Scale scores, and VAS pain scores, 12 cases of complications were present. We found 4 cases of osteolysis of the acromion, 1 case of nonunion, 3 cases of periprosthetic fractures, 3 cases of subacromial pain, and 1 case of skin irritation. We performed re-operations in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: To avoid complications associated with clavicle hook plates, choosing the appropriate hook size and bending of the hook according to the slope of the acromion undersurface is critical. Also, we believe that early removal of clavicle plates may help reduce complications.
Acromion ; California ; Clavicle* ; Humans ; Osteolysis ; Periprosthetic Fractures ; Shoulder ; Skin

Spinal cavernous hemangiomas of the cauda equina are extremely rare vascular malformations. We report a case of intradural extramedullary cavernous hemangioma of the cauda equina with it's clinical, radiologic and surgical findings. This is the twelveth case of cavernous hemangioma of the cauda equina in the literature. The pertinent literatures are reviewed.
Cauda Equina* ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Vascular Malformations

PURPOSE: Foreign body aspiration in the tracheobronchial tree is a common medical emergency in children and represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed to analyze the clinical spectrum of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children and to evaluate the causes of late diagnoses. METHODS: A total of 108 patients with foreign body aspiration were recruited in the last 10 years, who had a flexible or rigid bronchoscopic examination. The age, sex, symptoms, causes of aspiration, radiologic findings, and clinical courses were investigated retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the elapsed time from aspiration to a definite diagnosis as early (< or =24 hours after aspiration) and late diagnoses (>24 hours after aspiration). The two groups were compared for clinical courses, radiologic findings, and the duration of admission of early- and late-diagnosed foreign body aspiration. RESULTS: Approximately 80% of the patients were less than 24 months of age and the most common symptoms were the sudden onset of a cough. Hyperinflation or obstructive emphysema (52.8%) and normal chest radiographs (19.4%) were the most frequent radiologic findings. Plain chest radiographies revealed visible foreign bodies in 7.4% of all patients with foreign body aspiration. Nuts were the most common foreign bodies aspirated. Sudden onset of a persistent cough and fever were predominant in the late-diagnosed group.(P<0.05) CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that clinical suspicion upon interviewing is enough to indicate bronchoscopy. The best way to reduce the number of accidents and deaths associated with foreign body aspiration is to promote public prevention polices.
Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Cough ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis* ; Emergencies ; Emphysema ; Fever ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Nuts ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Cause of Death* ; Fever* ; Humans

Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum can occur spontaneously, secondary to trauma, or from dissection of air from the neck or retroperitoneal space. The most common cause of traumatic pneumomediastinum is a rupture of the esophagus, which can occur during an episode of severe vomiting or, less frequently, following esophageal instrumention. We experienced a case of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum, developed after esophageal perforation by stylet during difficult endotracheal intubation even though an esophagogram did not reveal the perforation site.
Esophageal Perforation* ; Esophagus ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Mediastinal Emphysema* ; Neck ; Pneumothorax* ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Rupture ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Female ; HELLP Syndrome* ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: Previously, acute rejection (AR) episode in the elderly recipients was reported to be lower compared to that of young recipients. However, the relationship between the recipients age, incidence of AR, and graft survival has not been reevaluated recently. METHODS: Four hundred thirty-one recipients who had the first kidney transplantation were recruited, and we performed a retrospective study evaluating the incidence of AR, infectious episodes in one year, and graft and patient survival rates at 1 and 5 years. We divided recipients into 2 groups (age< 50, n=340 and age=50, n=91) and compared the outcomes. RESULTS: The incidence of AR was 18.8% in the younger group and 24.2% in the elderly group (p=NS). The incidence of infectious episodes was 24.7% in the younger group and 24.2% in the elderly group (p=NS). Five-year graft survival in the elderly was not significantly different from that in the younger group (90.8% vs. 91.8%). However, the patient survival at five year was different between the younger and the elderly groups (99.1% and 92.2%, respectively, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that recipients age would not influence the incidence of AR and graft survival. Therefore, the immunosuppression should be applied according to the conditions of recipients, not to recipients age.
Aged ; Graft Rejection ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Rejection (Psychology) ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: As homeless people increased in urban areas after the economic crisis in Korea, they became a serious social problem. Foreign research showed that many homeless people had chronic mental illnesses which were closely related with the cause and prognosis of homelessness. But very little was known about the prevalence of mental disorders in Korean homeless people. This study tried to capture the overall picture of mental disorders in homeless people. METHOD: The study subjects were 216 homeless people who stayed at two Pusan shelters between late 1998 and early 1999. Questionnaires on sociodemographic data were administered to the subjects, and then diagnoses of major DSM-IV Axis I mental disorders were made using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders(SCID). The lifetime and current prevalence of mental disorders in this study were compared to those from other studies in Korean general population and in foreign homeless people. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of major DSM-IV mental disorders(mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use disorders) of 216 homeless people was 60.1%, and current prevalence was 35.7%. The lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorders was 22.5% which was higher than that of foreign studies. The lifetime prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 47.4%. The lifetime prevalence of psychotic disorders was 3.8%, and among them the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia was 1.9% which was lower than that of foreign studies. CONCLUSIONS: In Korean homeless people, mood disorders and substance use disorders were the main mental disorders and psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia were less than in foreign homeless people. The plans to approach and treat homeless people with mental disorders should be made.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Busan ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Homeless Persons ; Humans ; Korea ; Mental Disorders* ; Mood Disorders ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Psychotic Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Schizophrenia ; Social Problems ; Substance-Related Disorders

Poland syndrome is characterized by unilateral absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis muscle and variable degree of ipsilateral hand anomalies. Mobius syndrome is a congenital neurological disorder characterized by complete or partial facial paralysis. Although the pathogeneses of these diseases are not well-characterized, diminished blood flow to the affected side is thought to play a role. A male infant weighing 2.670 g was born at 38+3 weeks of gestation with left facial paralysis, left chest wall defect with dextrocardia, and symbrachydactyly between the second and third fingers. The combination of Poland-Mobius syndrome is rare, and only 2 cases associated with dextrocardia have been reported worldwide. Here, we report the first case of Poland-Mobius syndrome associated with dextrocardia in Korea.
Dextrocardia ; Facial Paralysis ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Male ; Mobius Syndrome ; Nervous System Diseases ; Pectoralis Muscles ; Poland Syndrome ; Pregnancy ; Thoracic Wall