BACKGROUND:Temperature measure methods of human tissue include destructive measurement and nondestructive measurement. Destructive measurement cannot measure three-dimensional (3D) temperature field and nondestructive measure is stil in the research stage. It is better way to build a mathematical and physical model to predict and simulate femur tumor hyperthermia. OBJECTIVE:To obtain the three-dimensional temperature distribution of femur and its surrounding tissues during tumor hyperthermia. METHODS:3D temperature distribution was obtained by using finite element method on the basis of heat conduction theory, Laplace equation, Pennes bio-heat transfer equation, thermo physical parameters of bone tissues, the boundary condition, and initial conditions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The femur had good hinder effect to heat transfer. Femoral temperature curve in the 3D space showed el ipsoid distribution with heat source as the center;the closer from heat source, the greater the temperature gradient was. The three major diameters of temperature isoline were different at 50℃, which is maximum in cross section and minimum in the sagittal plane. In the three directions of the femur, transfer capability of temperature was different, so the radius of the inactivation of the tumor was also different. Because the 3D temperature space distribution of femur is asymmetry during hyperthermia, the necessary method is to use more than a heat source in order to avoid residual cancer tissue or destructive normal tissue.

This paper introduces what signals are actually transmitted in every procedure of the start-up process of Mx8000 Exp double-slice spiral CT and what relevant parts are acted.Some troubles related to start-up process is briefly presented.

BACKGROUND:The power output of the human joints depends on the activation of agonists and antagonist muscles around the joints, and the antagonist muscle is involved in physical activity in a co-activated manner, thereby helping to maintain joint stability. But there are less reports on the central nervous system strategies of antagonist co-activation under different muscle contraction modes. OBJECTIVE:To observe the characteristics and differences of surface electromyography (sEMG) of agonists and antagonist muscles of the knee joints during maximal and submaximal isokinetic exercises until fatigue. METHODS:Sixteen students were enroled, who developed the right knee joint fatigue induced by the Biodex isokinetic equipment, and simultaneously sEMG activities of vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and biceps femoris were recorded by the myoelectrical equipment. The RMS (%) and mean frequency were selected to analyze sEMG characteristics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the maximal isokinetic fatigue, the peak torque was decreased by 40.3% (P < 0.05) and the sEMG activity of agonists gradualy increased and then declined, but the sEMG activity of antagonists kept constant. In the submaximal isokinetic fatigue, the peak torque was decreased by 40.0% (P < 0.05), the sEMG activity of agonists gradualy increased (P < 0.05), and however the sEMG activity of the antagonists initialy increased and then decreased. The RMS and mean frequency of vastus medialis and lateralis as antagonists at selected reciprocal contractions showed no significant changes (P > 0.05). These results suggest that in the different intensities of isokinetic fatigue, the central nervous system employs different neural strategies on agonists and antagonists.

Objective:To explore the personality types a nd the features of clinical subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods:82 cases of OCD were tested using Chinese MMPI that w as revised by MMPI normative cooperative group. We used MMPI-B auto-analysis sys tem made by Ji Shumao et al to calculate the basis scores and T scores of 73 sca les.Results:Basis scores (+K)of scales F,Hs,D,Hy,P d,Pa,Pt,Sc,(males and females)and Si,Mf(males) and K (females) on OCD group were higher that the scores of the normal group. The two-point code of T scores in O CD was 72/27.The factor analysis in 13 scales showed that there were fo ur personality factors in OCD: neuroticism factor (Hs,Hy,D,Pt), psychotic factor (F,Pd,Sc),suspicious factor( F,Ma,Pa), Social introvers ion factor (L,Si,Mf).82 cases of OCD were divided into three groups by K-means o f quick cluster analysis,T scores of 73 MMPI scale s were different among three groups (P<0.000).Conclusio n:The ps ychological features a nd comorbidity and responses to psychotherapy of three groups OCD are different.

Objective To evaluate the application of the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) artificial eye in acquired ophthalmostewesis. Methods We summarized the experience in the application of PMMA in prosthesis for 8 years. 1155 patients were involved in the artificial eye custom-made program. The artificial eye was individually prepared based on the patient's condition and characters of the healthy eye.Results PMMA artificial eye associated with hydroxyl apatite implantation gave good cosmetic results with good motility, and there was no rejective reaction. The artificial eye was almost same to the real one in color and transparency. Conclusion It is suggested that PMMA is one of the best materials for manufacture of artificial eye at present.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and predictive value of Transit-Time Flow Measurement(TTFM) processed by Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) in evaluating the patency of grafts after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods:The TTFM waveforms recorded during the operation of 114 CABG patients in our hospital from January 2015 to February 2017 were processed by FFT, the patients were followed up with CTCA after operation to evaluate the predictive value for graft failure.Results:320 grafts were grafted with the patency rate of 80.3%(257/320). The patency rate of LIMA group was 89.4%(101/113), and SVG group was 75.4%(156/207). H0, H1, H0/H1, and P1 of all grafts, H1and P1 in LIMA group, and H0, H1, P1 in SVG group were significantly different( P<0.05). In logistic regression, decreasing of H0( OR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.90-0.95) and increasing of P1( OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.64-3.10) in all graft groups increased the risk of graft failure. In the LIMA group, increasing of H1( OR=3.57, 95% CI: 1.79-7.12) and P1( OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.01-2.33) increased the risk of graft failure. In the SVG group, decreasing of H0( OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.77-0.89) and H1( OR=0.05, 95% CI: 0.02-0.14), increasing of P1( OR=9.53, 95% CI: 3.04-29.86) increased the risk of graft failure. The ROC curve showed that H0 and P1 had a moderate degree of predictive accuracy in all graft groups. H1 and H0/H1 had a moderate degree of predictive accuracy in LIMA group, and H0 and H1 had a high degree of prediction, P1 had a moderate degree of predictive accuracy in SVG group. Conclusion:TTFM waveform processed by FFT has predictive value for the patency rate of CABG.

Objective To study the protective effect of glutamine on the intestinal mucosal antioxidation in endotoxemic rats. Methods　Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, group A:parenteral nutrition supplemented with glutamine, group B:TPN without glutamine,and group C:normal control. Endotoxemia was induced by continous intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) at a dose of 2 mg/kg per day throughout the 5-day study period. The mucosal protein、DNA、ATP、SOD、MDA、GSH、sIgA were determined. Results The mucosal protein、DNA、ATP、SOD、GSH and sIgA content in endotoxic rats were markedly decreased, MDA was increased as compared with normal control(P＜0.05). The former indices in group A were improved and MDA content was decreased as compared with group B(P＜0.05). Conclusion　Glutamine can improve gut energy metabolism, decrease the extent of mucosal injury of free radicals, and give an protective effect on the mucosal probably by increasing GSH.

In view of the problems that anesthesiology medical students have such as poor commu-nication awareness, lack of communication skills, lack of confidence, and so on, it is particularly important to improve the students’ doctor-patient communication ability, guarantee their medical quality and reduce the dispute between doctors and patients. In the teaching practice, we improve students’ ability of doctor-patient communication by paying more attention to the education of medical ethics, strengthening the train-ing of professional knowledge and skills, optimizing the curriculum structure, improving the quality of teachers, the implementation of case teaching , and establishing a comprehensive evaluation mechanism etc , and have got good results.

Asimplified European procedure now allows the registration of traditional herbal medicines as medicinal products even without the support of clinical data.This procedure entails the requirement that those products comply with European Good Manufacturing Practice for medicinal products,which in turn implies that the raw herbal materials comply with the European Guidelines for Good Agricultural and Collection Practice.On the basis of a comparison between European Good Agricultural and Collection Practice and China Good Agricultural Practice,as well as direct observation made at sites in China,we issue some recommendations to facilitate good communication between the Chinese producer and European pharmaceutical customer,with a view to ensure full compliance with European expectations.

In order to find a method to determine the location and depth of epidural puncture through intervertebral foramen, the distance between both intervertebral foramina and the depth from epidural space to lumbodorsal skin were measured with computerized tomography(CT). These data were taken as a guide during lumbar epidural puncture through intervertebral foramen in 12 fresh corpses ,and needles were all successfully inserted into epidural spaces. Afterwards, this method was applied to the lumbar epidural puncture of 60 adult patients with lumbar vertebral disk herniation, in the sense that the distance between both intervertebral foramina and epidural depth were measured with CT as the guide in the epidural puncture through intervertebral foramen; only at sigle puncture, the epidural spaces of 56 cases were successfully inserted into ,with the rate of success being 90.3%. It is suggested that the dis- tance between both intervertebral foramina and epidural depth measured by CT, paly an important role in successful lumbar epidural puncture through intervertebral foramen.