Objective To investigate the effects of preoperative sleep disturbance on the efficacy of flurbiprofen for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing endoscopic nasal surgery.Methods Ninety-six ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes (aged 20-60 years and weighing 50-80 kg) undergoing endoscopic nasal surgery were enrolled in this study.Pittsburg sleep quality index was used to evaluate the long-term sleep quality before hospitalization and Athens sleep quality index was used to evaluate the short-term sleep quality in hospital.The patients were divided into four groups according to the types of preoperative sleep disturbance (n =24 each):no sleep disturbance (group Ⅰ),long-term sleep disturbance (group Ⅱ),acute short-term sleep disturbance (group Ⅲ),and long-term + acute short-term sleep disturbance (group Ⅳ).Anesthesia was induced with sufentanil,propofol and cis-atracurium and maintained with intravenous infusion of remifentanil and propofol.Then the patients received endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation.The end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 30-35 mm Hg.Controlled hypotension was performed with nicardipine,and the mean arterial blood pressure was maintained at 50-70 mm Hg and heart rate at 60-90 bpm during operation.The patients received intravenous injection of flurbiprofen 50 mg 15 minutes before the end of operation for postoperative analgesia.When the visual analogue scale score was more than 3 during the first 6 hours after operation,flurbiprofen 50 mg was given intravenously as rescue analgesia.Results The incidence of rescue analgesia administered after operation was significantly greater in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ than in group Ⅰ,and greater in group Ⅳ than in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ.There was no significant difference in the incidence of rescue analgesia administered during the first 6 hours after operation between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Conclusion Preoperative sleep disturbance has adverse effects on the efficacy of flurbiprofen for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing endoscopic nasal surgery.

The treatment of vascular malformations has been a difficult clinical subject. At present, the main therapeutic methods include embolization/sclerotherapy, surgical excision, laser treatment, etc. However, it is often difficult to obtain a satisfactory clinical effect. As it can induce the vascular endothelial denudation resulting in protein degeneration, ethanol embolization can obtain the effect of complete obliteration of the diseased vascular lumen. Although ethanol embolization of vascular malformations has already achieved satisfactory clinical effect, the fear of cardiac and pulmonary accidents has limited the application of this technique in clinical practice. This paper aims to make a comprehensive review concerning the effect of ethanol embolization for vascular malformations on the cardiopulmonary functions.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of preoperative sleep disturbance on the efficacy of flurbiprofen for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing endoscopic nasal surgery.MethodsNinety-six ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes aged 20-60 yr weighing 50-80 kg undergoing endoscopic nasal surgery were enrolled in this study.Pittsburg sleep quality index was used to evaluate long-term sleep quality before hospitalization and Athens sleep quality index was used to evaluate short-term sleep quality in hospital.The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the types of preoperative sleep disturbance ( n =24 each):group Ⅰ no sleep disturbance;group Ⅱ long-term sleep disturbance; group Ⅲ acute short-term sleep disturbance; group Ⅳ long-term + acute short-term sleep disturbance.Anesthesia was induced with sufentanil,propofol and cis-atracurium and maintained with iv infusion of remifentanil and propofol.The patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated.PETCO2 was maintained at 30-35 nun Hg.Controlled hypoteasion was performed with nicardipine,MAP was maintained at 50-70 mm Hg and HR at 60-90 bpm during operation.The patients received iv flurbiprofen 50 mg at 15 min before the end of operation for postoperative analgesia.When VAS score was more than 3 during the fnrst 6 h after operation,flurbiprofen 50 mg was given iv as rescue analgesic.ResultsThe incidence of rescue analgesic administered after operation was significantly larger in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ than in group Ⅰ,and in group Ⅳ than in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ.There was no significant difference in the incidence of rescue analgesic administered during the first 6 h after operation between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ.ConclusionPreoperative sleep disturbance has adverse effect on the efficacy of flurbiprofen for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing endoscopic nasal surgery.

This paper explores the existing gene doping problems of athletes in bioethical aspect,describes the development of gene doping,and points out that strengthening the anti-doping education,further improving legal system and strengthening an effective supervision and anti-doping research are main focus of anti-doping work currently.

Objective To explore the curative effect and prognosis of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine in the treatment of silicosis patients.Methods 74 patients with silicosis were selected as the research subjects.According to the admission time,the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group,37 patients in each group.The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,the observation group was given the combined treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine.The clinical curative effect,pulmonary function index,symptoms improved time and the reduce of lung shadow were observed and compared.Results The reduction rate of lung shadow in the observation group was 75.67％,which in the control group was 62.16％,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (u =2.419,P =0.015).The total effective rate of the observation group was 86.49％,which of the control group was 67.57％,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (u =2.116,P =0.034).After treatment,the vital capacity (VC),forced vital capacity(FVC) and the first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) in the observation group were (69.15 ± 18.34)％,(71.08 ± 16.93)％,(68.91 ± 18.75)％,respectively,which in the control group were (63.37 ± 20.53) ％,(63.13 ± 18.69) ％ and (55.47 ± 17.58) ％,respectively,which in the two groups were higher than those before treatment,which in the observation group increased significantly,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (t =6.778,P =0.000,t =8.836,P =0.000,t =10.133,P =0.000).The wheezing,cough,pulmonary rales and other symptoms improved time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =8220,P =0.000,t =6.836,P =0.000,t =6.909,P =0.000).Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine in the treatment of silicosis has higher reduction rate of lung shadow,lung function improved significantly,shorter improved time of cough,wheezing and other symptoms,its curative effect is better than western medicine.

Objective Among the various components of metabolic syndrome(MS),this investigation attempt to find the most important one.Furthermore,to verify the feasibility of using waist circumference(WC)for assessing the diagnostic criteria for MS proposed by the CDS in 2004.Methods Among 163 cases recruited,80 patients met the criteria of MS and 83 cases were diagnosed as non-metabolic syndrome group(non-MS).Age,WC,body mass index(BMI),fasting plasma glucose,lipid profile,blood pressure were compared between patients of MS and non-MS.Logistic regression analysis and area under curve(AUC)of receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)were used to study the predictive value of WC.Results Patients with CDS-defined MS showed a significantly higher age,WC,SBP,DBP,fasting plasma glucose,triglycerides(TG),1/HDL-C when compared with non-MS group.After adjusting for age,the family history of diabetes and hypertension,smoke,multiple logistic regression analysis revealed WC was the most important predictive factor for MS group.ROC analysis showed that the AUC of WC was 0.92 in the males,the cut-off value is 89.5 cm,the sensitivity was 0.84,the specificity was 0.93;the AUC of WC was 0.93 in the females,the sensitivity was 0.97,the specificity was 0.81 when cut-off value is 80.8 cm.This investigation has shown that smoking was also a component of MS.The relative risk of MS in current smokers and sustained smoker was higher than that of abstinence(6.88 vs 1.00 and 3.96 vs 1.00).Conclusion Central obesity is the riskest indicator for the diagnostic criteria for MS proposed by the CDS,WC is verified to be the accuracy and satisfactory predictive indicators for MS.Smoking may be a novel component of MS.

Cells, Cultured ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Styrene ; adverse effects

Eighty-five endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the roots、stems and leaves of Polygala tenuifolia Willd, among which, fifty-two from natural plants and thirty-three from cultivated ones. Sev-enty-six strains were classified as twenty-three fungal genera. The inhibitory activity screening to fourteen microbe were conducted research. The results showed that some endophytic fungi had remarkble inhibitory activities to Bacillus subtilis, Shigella sonnei, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Fusarium kyrushuense and they were all belonged to Fusarium, Alternaria, Aphanocladium respectively. All of the endophytic fungi isolated from Polygala tenuifolia showed no inhibitory activities to Staphyloccocus aureus, Salmonel-lae enteritis, Bibrio parahemolyticus.

Objective To investigate the effects of triptolide on proliferation,apoptosis and the changes of Ski,Smad3,Smad7 and collagen type I(ColI) in cultured rat mesangial cells induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.Methods Cultured HBZY-1 rat mesangial cells were divided into 5 groups:(1)normal control group; (2)TGF-β1 group (10 μg/L); (3)-(5)triptolide (0.4,2,10 μg/L)+TGF-β1 (10 μg/L) groups.The cell proliferation was detected by MTT.Apoptosis of mesangial cells was detected by TUNEL assay.The expressions of Ski,Smad3,Smad7 mRNA were examined by real-time quantitative PCR.The expressions of Ski,Smad3,Smad7 and ColI protein were detected by Western blotting.The localizations of Ski and Smad3 protein were detected by laser confocal fluorescence microscope.Results Compared with the normal control,TGF-β1 (10 μg/L) significantly stimulated mesangial cells proliferation,while decreased apoptosis.The mRNA and protein expressions of Ski,Smad7,Smad3 and ColI protein expression in TGF-β1 group were increased (P ＞0.05).In comparison with TGF-β1 group,triptolide could significantly inhibit TGF-β1-induced mesangial cells proliferation in dose-dependent manner,and promote the apoptosis of mesangial cells.In TGF-β1 group,mRNA and protein expresscons of Ski and Smad7 were increased (P＜0.05),Smad3 mRNA and protein were decreased (P ＞0.05),and ColI protein was decreased (P＜0.01).In comparison with TGF-β1 group,fluorescence intensity of Ski,Smad3 proteins was significantly increased in cytoplasm,while decreased in nucleus.Conclusions Triptolide can inhibit TGF-β1-induced mesangial cells proliferation through regulating the expressions of Ski,Smad7 mRNA and protein,inhibiting Ski.Smad7 translocation to the nucleus,and down-regulating Smad3 mRNA and protein expression.Triptolide can promote apoptosis of mesangial cells.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Bilobalide on ischemical reperfusion injury in orthotopic liver transplantation model rats and to discuss its protective effect on ischemical reperfusion injury of rats undergoing liver transplantation.METHODS:The model of orthotopic liver transplantation was established by in rats by setting up the bridge between portal vein and left renal vein and building blood bypass by inlaying of canal in the inferior vena,after modeling,the rats were treated with Bilobalide,then levels of NO(active medium of blood vessel)and ET1 before ischemia and at 10 min,30min and 2h after reperfusion were determined by nitratase reduction method;serum levels of ALT,AST,ALP,LDH enzymology,ATP and MDA in the liver tissues were determined as well.The hepatic tissue sample was taken at 2h and fixed with formalin to be made into specimen for observation of the ultrastructure of liver cells and hepatic lobules under electron microscope.RESULTS:After being treated by Bilobalide,serum NO level was elevated and the pathological elevated levels of ALT,AST and LDH were brought down,the microcirculation in ischemical reperfusion injury rats was improved and the extent of damage in the ultrastructure of liver cells was lessened in rats.CONCLUSION:Bypass of portal vein and inferior vena cava prior liver transplantation is helpful for the prevention of ischemical reperfusion injury of liver.The balance of NO/ET1 is possibly a factor influencing the blood flow in the microcirculation of transplanted liver.Bilobalide was proved to be of protective effect on ischemical reperfusion injury in rats.