In order to investigate the occurrence characteristics of cancer in terms of industry in Kwangju-Chonnam area, medical utilization records of industrial medical insurance corporations during the period of 1987 to 1988 were reviewed for the identification of neoplastic disease. The cases obtained from the medical records were followed up for the verification and to get additional information. Standardized incidence data were compared by occupational characteristics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the difference of incidence or distribution of cancer as a whole or of some selected cancer. Total cases of cancer identified were 242 during the study period. Annual incidence rate was calculated as 123.1 per 100,000 person. The frequent types of cancer were cancers of stomach, liver, lung, colon and rectum, bladder and lymphoma in descending order. Employees of mine and other sand handling industries showed significantly higher risks for cancer of stomach and cancer as a whole. Employees of the transportation industry showed the higher risk for cancer of liver. Workers in small-sized industry (< or = 100) had a higher risk for cancer than who in large-sized industry (>100). These findings suggested the effect of occupational environmental exposure to cancer development.
Colon ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insurance* ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Logistic Models ; Lung ; Lymphoma ; Medical Records ; Occupations ; Rectum ; Silicon Dioxide ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Transportation ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: This study was performed to be helpful in early diagnosis and treatment of the children with peptic ulcer disease. METHODS: The authors observed 36 children with peptic ulcer disease who had been admitted to Hanyang University Hospital during the 11 year 4 mont period from January 1981 to April 1992 retrospectively. The diagnosis was established in 33.3% by gastric endoscopy, in 25% by upper gastrointestinal barium study, in 11.7% by gastric endoscopy and upper gastrointestinal barium study simultaneously, and in 30% by emergency operation. RESULTS: 1) Age and sex incidence of chidlren with peptic ulcer disease(3 days to 16 years old) showed that males predominated in a proportion of 8:1 and 83.3% were 7 years of age or older. Under the age of 7, the incidence of gastric ulcer was greater than that of duodenal ulcer and above the age of 7 duodenal ulcer was 2.6 times more frequent than gastric ulcer. 2) The chief comlaints on admission were abdominal pain in 17 patients(47%), hematemesis or melena in 15 patients(25%), vomiting in 6 patients(16%). There was a tendency that abdominal pain also increased as the age increased. 3) Most common blood type among 13 patients with duodenal ulcer was Rh+O type(53.8%). 4) Of the 15 children who had gastrointestinal bleeding, 10(43.3% of duodenal ulcer) were doudenal ulcer and 4(33.3% of gastric ulcer) were gastric ulcer. Severe anemia(Hb<7g/dl) was shown in only 5 patients with duodenal ulcer. 5) According to the region of the ulcer, 20(86.9%) of 23 children with doudenal ulcer had ulcers in doudenal bulb and 8(66.7%) of 12 children with gastric ulcer had ulcers in antrum. 6) 18 children with duodenal ulcer, 7 children with gastric ulcer and 1 child with gastroduodenal ulcer had complications. Of the 26 children, bleeding occured in 10 children, perforation occured in 7 children and obstruction occured in one child. 7) 23 children were treated medically and 13 children were treated surgically. 11 patients received operation due to panperit unitis(perforation), 1 patients(71%) were treated medically, however, under 7 year of age, 5 patients(62%) received surgical treatment. Surgical methods used were primary closure(4 patients), vagotomy with pyloroplasty(1 patients), subtotal gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy(7 patients) and antrectomy with gastroduodenostomy(1 patients). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that it is important to diagnose early peptic ulcer disease in children, who have nonspecific symptoms and signs above mentioned, to prevent possible complications including failure to thrive.
Abdominal Pain ; Barium ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Endoscopy ; Failure to Thrive ; Gastrectomy ; Hematemesis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Male ; Melena ; Peptic Ulcer* ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Ulcer ; Ulcer ; Vagotomy ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Fallopian Tubes* ; Female

Muscles from three patients were obtained during continuous ischemic periods and were investigated ultrastructural changes to know the reversible tourniquet time. Tourniquet was applied for periods lasting between 60 minutes and 90 minutes in the human and muscle biopsies were taken from 10 minutes to 90 minutes ischemic period and at the same periods after release of the tourniquet. All specimens were investigated with electron microscopy and the results were as follows: In 10 minutes tourniquet period, loss of cristae in few mitochondria were observed. In 30 minutes tourniquet period, partial swelling, loss of cristae and myelin figure in many mitochondrias and vacuolar dilatation in T-tubule and sarcoplasmic reticulumn were observed. In 60 minutes tourniquet period, above change were observed in nearly all mitochondrias and total number of mitochondrias were decreased. In 90 minutes tourniquet period, above changes were more distinct. 20 minutes after release of 90 minutes tourniquet period, small sized new mitochondria were appeared and abundant electron dense granule in their matrix and sarcoplasmic reticulumn were visible. 60 minutes after release of 90 minutes tourniquet period, the majority of damaged mitochondrias were replaced by small sized new mitochondrias and electron dense granule were abundant in sarcoplasmic reticulumn. In human, the changes on the ultrastructure were reversible for at least a succeeding 90 minutes ischemic periods.
Biopsy ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mitochondria ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Myelin Sheath ; Tourniquets

BACKGROUND: Stress is found to have influence on physical and mental disorders, and also to healthy life habits related to physical health mental stress. Job holders are groups that have suffered from chronic stressful condition. Consider medical people of job holders to received exess stress. So, we tested this investigation to know the relationship between health habits and stress amounts about nurse. METHODS: This study was performed on nurses who worked on one hosptal in Pusan Metropolitan city for one months(from April, 1, to April, 30, 2000). We used 128 results. Health habits were investigated about 5 articles out of "Breslow's 7 health habits" and stress amounts were measured by Korean translated BEPSI(Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument) and Bae Jong Myun's 30 items SRRQ(Social Readjustment Rating Questionnaire). RESULTS: There were differences in amounts of stress of subjects according to marital state(P<0.05), job department(P<0.05), BMI(Body Mass Index)(P<0.05), sleeping time(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This investigation has showed that having excess stress in nurses. Body Mass Index, sleeping time appeared to be health habits related to amounts of stress.
Body Mass Index ; Busan ; Mental Disorders

PURPOSE: Relaxation of the penile cavernous smooth muscle, which is the main process in penile erection, is controlled by endothelial-derived substances. This study was designed to determine whether aging resulted in altered endothelial autocrine/paracrine function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the distribution of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the isolated corpus cavernosum from both young (12 weeks old) and aged (50 and 80 weeks old) rats by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Vascular mRNA expressions of NOS isoforms and ET-1 were also analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: The concentration of nitrite/nitrate in the corpus cavernosum was significantly decreased in aged rats but plasma nitrite/nitrate concentration was not changed by aging. IHC staining revealed that the aged vessels showed a marked IHC staining for inducible NOS (iNOS) although the vessels from 12-week-old rats were negative for iNOS. In contrast, there was a reduction of immunoreactivity for endothelial NOS (eNOS) with aging. With aging, expression of eNOS mRNA was slightly decreased in the corpus cavernosum. However, expression of iNOS mRNA was markedly increased with increasing age. IHC staining for vascular ET-1 peptide in young rats showed a scanty distribution in the endothelial cell layer. However, the staining for ET-1 increased both the endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle layers in the aged rats. mRNA expression of ET-1 gene was upregulated in the aged rats. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the activation of vascular endothelin cascade and alterations in the expression of NOS isoforms may play an important role in the age-dependent, vasculogenic, erectile dysfunction.
Aging ; Animals ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelins ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Nitric Oxide Synthase* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Penile Erection ; Plasma ; Protein Isoforms ; Rats* ; Relaxation ; RNA, Messenger

A case is reported of downbeat nystagmus associated with compression of the root of vestibulocochlear nerve by vertebral arteries, which was revealed by magnetic resonance imaging. Chief complain of the patient was positional vertigo, which aggrevated at left decubitus position. Downbeat nystagmus was increased in left Dix-hall pike test. Tetsuo et al, reported downbeat nystagmus with compression of dolichoectatic vertebral arteries to the medulla oblongata and surgical neurovascular decompression of the dolichoectasia reverses the progression of symptoms if permanent neurologic damage has not already occurred.
Decompression ; Esocidae ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medulla Oblongata ; Nystagmus, Pathologic ; Vertebral Artery* ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ; Vertigo ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve*

Purpose: Septoturbinoplasty is frequently performed to correct nasal obstruction; however, there is still a lack of research on changes in nasal and nose-related symptoms early after septoturbinoplasty. Therefore, we aimed to investigate changes in subjective outcomes within 6 months after septoturbinoplasty. Materials and Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent septoturbinoplasty at Gangnam Severance Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Symptom scores were evaluated using the Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and obstruction scores.The SNOT-22 and obstruction scores were investigated before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Results: We noted significant decreases in both SNOT-22 and obstruction scores at 1 month after surgery, compared to those before surgery (p<0.001). However, there were no significant changes at 3 and 6 months after surgery, compared to scores at 1 month after surgery. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, a larger difference between SNOT-22 scores preoperatively and 1 month after surgery was significantly associated with a significant improvement in symptoms at 3 or 6 months after septoturbinoplasty (p=0.029). Conclusion These results imply that subjective outcomes and degree of improvement in the first month after septoturbinoplasty can be used as a predictor of the results thereof and for counseling patients about its progress.

BACKGROUND: Head injury is one of the most common causes of emergency department visits and hospital admission in the pediatric populations, and most injuries are mild. In mild head injury, grading of severity and decision of hospital admission are difficult in the emergency department. Recent studies have suggested that patients with a normal head CT scan and neurologic exam following head injury can be safely discharged from the emergency department. However, previous studies have relied on incomplete patient follow-up and been limited for the most part to adult population. So we performed this study to assess clinical course and the incidence of significant CNS sequelae in children with a normal head CT scan and no focal neurologic sign after mild head injuries during hospital admission and follow-up for 1 month. METHODS: We reviewal the records of children(n=209) admitted to the department of emergency medicine with closed head injuries from Jan. 1, 1996 to Dec. 31, 1996, who's initial Glasgow Coma Scale was 13 to 15, and have no focal neurologic sign and a normal head CT scan. RESULT: 209 patients were studied with a mean age of 6.8(range 3 months to 15years), and 66.5% were male. The most common mechanisms of injury were pedestrian T.A(50.2%) and fall(11.5%). Patients had a mean Glasgow coma scale of 14.8 and mean Abbreviated Injury Score of 1.3. Patients had clinical symptoms of headache(49.3%), vomiting(44.5%), loss of consciousness(LOC)(29.6%), amnesia(10.0%), sleepiness(8.6%), irritability(8.6%), confusion(2.9%) and seizure(1.9%). The mean duration of admission was 4.3 days(range: 6 hours-20 days) and the mean duration of symptom was 36.4 hours. No child developed significant CNS sequelae during hospital admission. However, during hospital admission, aye children(all were preschooler) had psychologic complication ; one child developed post-traumatic stress disorder requiring psychologic treatment for 3 months. Three children developed enuresis and two children developed night terror. During 1 month fallow-up, one child developed a symptomatic hemorrhagic contusion 5 days after the head injury, not requiring neurosurgical treatment. CONCLUSION: Among children with an initial Glasgow Coma Scale of 13 to 15, a normal head CT scan and no focal neurologic sign after mild head injuries, delayed intracranial sequelae are extremely uncommon. So these patient may be discharged home with parental supervision and education for dose observation.
Adult ; Child* ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Education ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Medicine* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enuresis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Head* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Organization and Administration ; Parents ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: Recently, the incidence of elderly primipara is increasing. Thus, impact of old age on pregnancy outcomes became important. Our purpose was to assess the effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: 73 cases of the elderly primipara over 35 years at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Chon-ju presbyterian medical center, from Jan. 1, 1995 to Dec. 31, 1998, were compared with 73 cases randomly chosen young primiparas during same period. RESULTS: Elderly primipara had higher rate of infertility and spontaneous abortion history, antenatal complications, cesarean section, poorer neonatal outcome than young primipara. CONCLUSION: The pregnancy outcome of elderly primipara is considered to be less favorable than those of young primipara. Careful antenatal and intrapartal care should be performed for the elderly primipara. We think that many clinical study of congenital anomaly in elderly primipara will be necessary.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Aged* ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Jeollabuk-do ; Maternal Age ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy* ; Protestantism ; Statistics as Topic*