OBJECTIVE: To report various anatomic locations and clinical characteristics of pathologically proven myofibroblastoma in Koran patients. METHODS: Pathologic reports of patients who underwent surgeries at two centers between April 2003 and March 2016 were retrieved from the electronic medical record system of the hospital. Pathologic reports were included after performing a search using the keyword “myofibroblastoma”. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 11 subjects and included eight female and three male individuals. The patients' ages ranged from 9 to 66 years. Tumors were located in the vagina in three patients and presented in the breast in seven patients. One case presented with an abdominal mass. The tumors ranged in mean size from 4.0 to 53.0 mm. Despite a relatively long-term follow-up, no case had evidence of tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION: We evaluated the various anatomic locations of pathologically proven myofibroblastoma in Korean patients. As an extremely rare tumor, physicians should pay special attention to differential diagnosis. Surgical resection is the preferred method for a cure, and the recurrence rate is extremely low.
Anatomic Variation ; Breast ; Cohort Studies ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue* ; Recurrence ; Vagina

OBJECTIVE: To compare the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes between women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) after endometrioma operation and women with DOR without ovarian surgery. METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 124 women aged under 40 and had DOR (serum anti-Müllerian hormone level <1.1 ng/mL or antral follicle count ≤6). They participated in fresh first and/or second IVF cycles between March in 2010 and December in 2015. Basal characteristics and IVF outcomes were compared between 47 cycles (32 women) with surgery-induced DOR and 119 cycles (92 women) with DOR without ovarian surgery. RESULTS: Basal characteristics were similar in both groups except that the median ages were lower in the surgery-induced DOR group compared to the DOR group without ovarian surgery. The data regarding the controlled ovarian stimulation and IVF cycle outcomes showed similar result in both groups. Also, clinical pregnancy and live birth rate were not different significantly between two groups. CONCLUSION: In the same condition of DOR, clinical pregnancy and live birth rate were not different significantly between two groups regarding etiology of DOR.
Case-Control Studies ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Infertility ; Live Birth ; Ovarian Reserve* ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies

Viral load and the duration of viral shedding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are important determinants of the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019.In this study, we examined the effects of viral doses on the lung and spleen of K18-hACE2 transgenic mice by temporal histological and transcriptional analyses. Approximately, 1×105 plaque-forming units (PFU) of SARS-CoV-2 induced strong host responses in the lungs from 2 days post inoculation (dpi) which did not recover until the mice died, whereas responses to the virus were obvious at 5 days, recovering to the basal state by 14 dpi at 1×102 PFU. Further, flow cytometry showed that number of CD8+ T cells continuously increased in 1×102 PFU-virusinfected lungs from 2 dpi, but not in 1×105 PFU-virus-infected lungs. In spleens, responses to the virus were prominent from 2 dpi, and number of B cells was significantly decreased at 1×105PFU; however, 1×102 PFU of virus induced very weak responses from 2 dpi which recovered by 10 dpi. Although the defense responses returned to normal and the mice survived, lung histology showed evidence of fibrosis, suggesting sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our findings indicate that specific effectors of the immune response in the lung and spleen were either increased or depleted in response to doses of SARS-CoV-2. This study demonstrated that the response of local and systemic immune effectors to a viral infection varies with viral dose, which either exacerbates the severity of the infection or accelerates its elimination.