30 cases of patients with nodule on the thyroid who visited Pediatric Clinic in PUN Hospital from Jan. 1985 till Dec. 1990 were studied and evaluated. All records of the patients were reviewed in regard to the physical examination, thyroid function test, radionuclide scanning, ultrasonogram and pathological findings of the tissues gained by fine needle aspiration or operation. The following results were obtained. 1) Patients with thyroid nodule occupied 7% of all of the goiters who visited the author's clinic during the same period. 2) Male to female ratio was 1:5 predominant in female children. But the ratio was 1:1 in cases of carcinonia. In age distribution, the older, the higher get the incidence. 3) The periods intervening between symptom onset and visiting our clinic were less than 3 months in most of cases. But in one third of the cases, they were neglected for over 1 year. 4) As cardinal symptoms and sings, neck masses were noticed in all of the cases. Easy fatigability, palpitation, sweating and dyspnea were complained of occasionally. 5) In radionuclide scanings, 27 cases had photon defects. All of the carcinoma cases had photon defects. 6) Malignancies were found in 13% of cases. All of malignancies were papillary carcinoma. 7) By palpation, 26 cascs were classified as single nodule, and 4 cases were classified as multiple nodules. But 4 cases among those classified as single nodule revealed multiple photon defect on radionuclide scanning. Because there is significantly high malignancy rate in thyroid nodules as our study showed, all of cases of thyroid nodules in children should be throughly investigated and treated at early stages.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Child* ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Goiter ; Goiter, Nodular ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neck ; Palpation ; Physical Examination ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Panniculitis*

Myxopapillary ependymoma generally arise in the conus medullaris and filum terminale of adult spinal cord. These tumors are readily recognized due to unique histopathologic features, however, their cytologic features are not well described. When only a tiny sample is obtained, cytologic examination using crush preparation may be a useful diagnostic tool to help appropriate intraoperative diagnosis. We present the crush cytologic features of myxopapillary ependymoma arising in thoracic and lumbar spinal cord of a 13-year-old boy. The patient had complained of paraparesis and back pain for 1 month. The MRI image revealed a relatively well demarcated intramedullary mass in T11-L1 levels. Crush preparation for cytology were performed by biopsy material. Crush cytologic findings revealed high cellularity and small sized branching papillary clusters on fibrillary or mucinous background. The tumor cells had uniform round or elongated nuclei. The cytoplasmic process of tumor cells were attached to the vascular wall. Between the tumor cells and vascular walls, the perivascular collar of globoid acellular stroma with metachromatic reaction on toluidin blue stain was noted. The crush preparation of myxopapillary ependymoma is considered as a simple and highly accurate diagnostic tool for differentiation from other intramedullary neoplasms of central nervous system.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Biopsy

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Humans*

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) playing an important role in e cell-mediated immune response kill the target cells by the special contact-dependent mechanism. It has been known that CTL and NK cells utilize two different pathways in removing specific target cells: apoptotic cell death and osmotic lysis by the pore forming protein. Interaction of CTL with target cells results in the ligand-induced, receptor-mediated, nonsecretory lytic process and lethal hit is delivered by the transducing molecule, Fas (CD95, APO-1), one of the TNFR/NGFR superfamily. In addition, ligation of TNF receptor and CD40 also induced the apoptosis of B cell and epithelial cells. However, recognition of target cells, the triggering mechanism, cytotoxic mediators, internal metabolic pathway and signal transduction behind apoptosis remain undefined and have been elucidated only in part. ...continue...
Apoptosis* ; Cell Death ; Epithelial Cells ; Genistein ; Ice ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Ligation ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic*

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies*

No abstract available.
Hormone Replacement Therapy* ; Prescriptions*

No abstract available.
Alkaline Phosphatase* ; Bone Marrow* ; Collagen* ; Dexamethasone* ; Humans* ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*

No abstract available.

1)The oxygen consumption was studied with albino rate under normal environment after they were given Cytochrome C intravenously (10mg/kg). The consumption was 74.6cc/kg min. with that of control, 75.4cc/kg. min. The difference of the consumptions was not statistically significant. However, under 0.5% CO environment, the oxygen consumption of the Cytochrome C treated rats (62.5cc/kg min) was significantly greater than the control(42.1cc/kg min.) 2) The recovery time of rat acutely poisoned by 1% CO was studied. The recovery time of the Cytochirome C treated group was 37.2 minutes and in control group it was 52.2 minutes. Also significant difference of fatality was noted between the treated group(21.8%) and the untreated group(49.7%). 3) The combined effects of the hyperbaric oxygenation (100% O2 at atmospheric pressures) and the Cytochrome C administration was compared with the effect the simple hyperbaric oxygenation. There was no significant difference of recovery time between the experimental group while the fatality of the experiment group was lower than control group.
Animals ; Cytochromes c ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation* ; Oxygen Consumption ; Poisoning* ; Rats