PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of hydroxyapatite containing toothpaste with positive control toothpastes in reducing dentine hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical trial was a double-blind, randomized, parallel group comparison of two, namely hydroxyapatite containing toothpaste and strontium chloride containing toothpaste. A total of 55 subjects were included in this study. The subjects were given randomly assigned one of the two toothpastes after received tooth brushing instruction at baseline. Some clinical indices(PI, GI, PD), verbal rating score(VRS) for sensitivity to stimulus, the effect in relieving sensitivity and visual analogue scale(VAS) for sensitivity at baseline, week 2, week 4 and week 8 were assessed. All data were evaluated by intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: Overall, PI and GI scores were significantly reduced compare baseline in all groups(p<0.05). In addition, there was significant difference in PI at 4 weeks and in GI at 4, 8 weeks between groups. The proportions of subjects relieved sensitivity were 70.4% in experimental group and 57.1% in control group at 8 weeks respectively. The VRS for sensitivity to three kinds of stimuli and VAS for sensitivity decreased according to time, there was no overall difference between two groups(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the new hydroxyapatite containing toothpaste was similarly effective in reducing dentine hypersensitivity with pre-existing benchmark toothpaste.
Dentin ; Dentin Sensitivity ; Durapatite ; Strontium ; Tooth ; Toothpastes

PURPOSE: The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of hydroxyapatite dental paste on tooth hypersensitivity compared to other materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the general fluoride dental paste, strontium fluoride dental paste and hydroxyapatite dental paste, patient-performed VAS and VAS(ice test) were measured at baseline, 1weeks and 4weeks. RESULTS: 1. In patient-performed VAS, there were significant differences reducing of tooth hypersensitivity between general fluoride toothpaste and hydroxyapatite toothpaste. 2. In operator-performed VAS(ice test), there were significant differences reducing of tooth hypersensitivity among each group, between general fluoride toothpaste and hydroxyapatite toothpaste and between general fluoride toothpaste and strontium fluoride toothpaste. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, hydroxyapatite toothpaste can be applied for control of tooth hypersensitivity.
Durapatite ; Fluorides ; Hypersensitivity ; Strontium ; Tooth ; Toothpastes

Strontium (Sr) is an essential trace element and widely exists in nature. It plays an important role in the in vivo regulation of bone metabolism. Sr locates below Fe in the periodic table, and its chemical structure and polarity are similar to those of Ca. It can induce bone mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts and reducing bone resorption. It promotes bone formation through a series of related pathways. The mechanism of Sr regulation of bone metabolism has been extensively researched in recent years. The current study aims to investigate the mechanism of Sr and provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
Bone Resorption ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Osteogenesis ; Strontium

Many methods have been proposed to measure the distensibility of the cornea and sclera, which is ecsential in tonography and tonometry of the eye ball, but little has been reported on the distensibility of the cornea and sclera expressed as Young Modulus, and the changes of the distensibility by beta-irradiation. In the present study, an attempt was made to elucidate the distensibility of the strip of the cornea or sclera, which was placed in the tension-length measuring apparatus immediately after removing from the apparently healthy normal rabbit without anesthesia. Young Modulus of the strip was calculated from the tension-length curve of each sample. Aho strontium 90 beta-irradiation was applied to the cornea and sclera in vitro, and the change of Young Modulus at 1,3,6,12 and 24 hours after beta-irradiation was compared with the normal and control. The results thus obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Young Modulus of the cornea and sclera in the normal rabbit was 2.25 X 10(7) dyne/cm2 and 6.60 X 10(7) dyne/cm2, respectively. 2. When 2,000 Rad of beta-ray was irradiated to the cornea and sclera in vitro, Young Modulus was similar to the control value at one hour, but beta-irraidiaton with 4,000 and 6,000 Rad produced decreased Young Modulus from the control at one hour after the irradiation. The tendency of the decrease was more noticeable in the cornea than in the sclera. 3. Young Modulus of the cornea at 6 hrs after beta-irradiation with 6,000 Rad in vitro did not change from the normal, but the decreased values were observed at 12 and 24 hrs after the irradiation while Young Modulus of the control group showed continuously elevated value from the normal up to 24 post-beta irradiation hour. 4. When 6,000 Rad of beta-ray was irradiated, Young Modulus of the sclera did not change greately from the normal value throughout the entire experiment. In the control group, however, the gradually elevated Young Modulus was observed up to 24 experimental hour.
Anesthesia ; Cornea* ; Elastic Modulus ; Manometry ; Reference Values ; Sclera* ; Strontium*

Many methods have been proposed to measure the distensibility of the cornea and sclera, which is ecsential in tonography and tonometry of the eye ball, but little has been reported on the distensibility of the cornea and sclera expressed as Young Modulus, and the changes of the distensibility by beta-irradiation. In the present study, an attempt was made to elucidate the distensibility of the strip of the cornea or sclera, which was placed in the tension-length measuring apparatus immediately after removing from the apparently healthy normal rabbit without anesthesia. Young Modulus of the strip was calculated from the tension-length curve of each sample. Aho strontium 90 beta-irradiation was applied to the cornea and sclera in vitro, and the change of Young Modulus at 1,3,6,12 and 24 hours after beta-irradiation was compared with the normal and control. The results thus obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Young Modulus of the cornea and sclera in the normal rabbit was 2.25 X 10(7) dyne/cm2 and 6.60 X 10(7) dyne/cm2, respectively. 2. When 2,000 Rad of beta-ray was irradiated to the cornea and sclera in vitro, Young Modulus was similar to the control value at one hour, but beta-irraidiaton with 4,000 and 6,000 Rad produced decreased Young Modulus from the control at one hour after the irradiation. The tendency of the decrease was more noticeable in the cornea than in the sclera. 3. Young Modulus of the cornea at 6 hrs after beta-irradiation with 6,000 Rad in vitro did not change from the normal, but the decreased values were observed at 12 and 24 hrs after the irradiation while Young Modulus of the control group showed continuously elevated value from the normal up to 24 post-beta irradiation hour. 4. When 6,000 Rad of beta-ray was irradiated, Young Modulus of the sclera did not change greately from the normal value throughout the entire experiment. In the control group, however, the gradually elevated Young Modulus was observed up to 24 experimental hour.
Anesthesia ; Cornea* ; Elastic Modulus ; Manometry ; Reference Values ; Sclera* ; Strontium*

The results of cryotherapy for 12 cases with the tendency of recurrent pterygium treated with Thio-tepa or strontium 90 after the surgical removal are presented. There appeared the rupture of vessels. and edema following cryocautery for: 3~15 days. No special complication or any sequelae in the eyeball is observed. The irritatini signs such as foreign body sensation, lacrimation or photophobia are easily relieved with systemic treatment of Celestamin tablet.
Cryotherapy ; Edema ; Foreign Bodies ; Photophobia ; Pterygium* ; Rupture ; Sensation ; Strontium ; Thiotepa

This study was designed to investigate the effect of substitution of strontium for calcium on mechanical activity in isolated perfused spontaneously beating rat hearts. The mechanical activity of the hearts of Langendorff's preparation in conditions of low calcium and strontium-substitution for calcium was compared. The effect of norepinephrine and verapamil were also observed in those conditions. The results were as follows: 1. In low calcium, the mechanical activity of the heart preparation was significantly reduced, but when the equimolar strontium was substituted for the reduced calcium, the activity was kept at similar level to the normal condition. 2. When equimolar strontium was substituted for the total calcium in perfusate, the heart preparation stopped its beating, and it was not restored in spite of reperfusion with normal calcium perfusate. 3. Norepinephrine-induced positive inotropic effect was inhibited in low-calcium condition especially with low concentration of norepinephrine, but not in strontium-substitution for calcium. 4. Verapamil reduced the activity of the heart both in low-calcium and strontium-substitution as well as in normal calcium conditions. From above results, it was concluded that strontium served as a substitute of calcium in maintaining mechanical activity and in responsiveness to norepinephrine, and the influx of strontium through cell membrane is inhibited by verapamil as the influx of calcium.
Animals ; Calcium ; Cell Membrane ; Heart* ; Norepinephrine* ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; Strontium* ; Verapamil

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biocompatibility and osteogenic effect of new calcium phosphate cement (CPC) in vivo and to provide experimental basis for its further clinical application. METHODS: Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: CPC group, CPC+Bio-Oss group, Bio-Oss group and blank control group. Bone defect models of 6 mm in diameter and 7 mm in depth were made on the lateral condyle of bilateral hind legs of the rabbits. CPC, Bio-Oss and CPC+Bio-Oss mixture were implanted into the bone defect according to the group, and the mass ratio of CPC and Bio-Oss was 4 ∶ 1. The experimental animals were sacrificed the 4th, 12th and 24th week after operation. The tissue around the bone defect was taken for histological evaluation by H&E staining. Bone ingrowth fraction (BIF) was calculated. The expression of BMP-2 and COL-Ⅰ was detected by immunohis- tochemical staining by calculating the mean optical density (MOD) of the positive area the 4th week after operation, and the bone healing of each group was evaluated at different time points. The measurement data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD test was used for multiple comparison of the differences between the means by SPSS 19.0. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The results of H&E staining showed that the BIF values of CPC group, CPC + Bio-Oss group and Bio-Oss group were significantly higher than those of blank control group at the same time point (P < 0.01). The BIF values of CPC group were lower than those of Bio-Oss group and CPC + Bio-Oss group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between CPC + Bio-Oss group and Bio-Oss group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the MOD values of BMP-2 and COL-Ⅰ in CPC group were higher than those in blank control group, but lower than those in Bio-Oss group and CPC+Bio-Oss group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between BMP-2 and COL-Ⅰ in CPC+Bio-Oss group and Bio-Oss group. CONCLUSION The new calcium phosphate cement has good biocompatibility and can promote early osteogenesis with stable and long-term effect.
Animals ; Bone Cements ; Calcium ; Calcium Phosphates ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Strontium

Metastatic bone disease is a major sequela of several malignancies, such as the prostate, breast, lung, kidney and thyroid. Bone pain is a common symptom in advancing malignancy and often determines the quality of life in the later stages of disease. Management of bone pain from metastasis remains palliative at present. With the improved cancer survival resulting from advances in cancer management, the population of patients seeking relief of bone pain has increased. Radiopharmaceutical therapy offers potential pain relief with minimal adverse effects. This is a case report on the clinical utility of strontium-89 chloride for the palliation of bone pain in metastatic prostate cancer. A 67-year-old male presented with bone pain due to disseminated bone metastases form prostate cancer, most intense in the lower back (Visual Analogue Scale pain score of 8). Strontium-89 chloride was administered intravenously at a dose of 148 MBq (4mCi). There was a transient, moderate, tolerable pain flare (Visual Analogue Scale pain score of 4) within the first week of treatment, which was relieved by oral opioid analgesics. He was pain-free thereafter (Visual Analogue Scale pain score of 0). Reversible bone marrow suppression was also observed a few weeks after the treatment.

Human ; Male ; Aged ; .analgesics, Opioid ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Strontium Chloride ; Strontium ; Thyroid Gland ; Bone Marrow ; Quality Of Life ; Visual Analog Scale ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Bone Neoplasms ; Pain Management

Metastatic bone disease is a major sequela of several malignancies, such as the prostate, breast, lung, kidney and thyroid. Bone pain is a common symptom in advancing malignancy and often determines the quality of life in the later stages of disease. Management of bone pain from metastasis remains palliative at present. With the improved cancer survival resulting from advances in cancer management, the population of patients seeking relief of bone pain has increased. Radiopharmaceutical therapy offers potential pain relief with minimal adverse effects. This is a case report on the clinical utility of strontium-89 chloride for the palliation of bone pain in metastatic prostate cancer. A 67-year-old male presented with bone pain due to disseminated bone metastases form prostate cancer, most intense in the lower back (Visual Analogue Scale pain score of 8). Strontium-89 chloride was administered intravenously at a dose of 148 MBq (4mCi). There was a transient, moderate, tolerable pain flare (Visual Analogue Scale pain score of 4) within the first week of treatment, which was relieved by oral opioid analgesics. He was pain-free thereafter (Visual Analogue Scale pain score of 0). Reversible bone marrow suppression was also observed a few weeks after the treatment.

Human ; Male ; Aged ; .analgesics, Opioid ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Strontium Chloride ; Strontium ; Thyroid Gland ; Bone Marrow ; Quality Of Life ; Visual Analog Scale ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Bone Neoplasms ; Pain Management