1.Three years after Typhoon Ondoy until Habagat rains: Prevalence of acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder among residents of Barangay Tumana, Marikina: A cross-sectional analytical study.
Danice Justine L LAÑ ; AS-STA. MARIA
The Philippine Journal of Psychiatry 2018;40(2):3-10
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Acute Stress Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among residents of Barangay Tumana, Marikina exposed to Typhoon Ondoy in September 2009 and Habagat rains in August 2012.
METHODOLOGY: The Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS) and Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IESR) were administered to 212 subjects. Trauma history was also obtained. When screened positive for Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) and/or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), a confirmatory diagnosis was done through psychiatric clinical interview.
RESULTS: The study showed a prevalence rate of 10% for ASD and 5% for PTSD. Co-morbid ASD and PTSD were seen in 4% of the subjects. Frequency and type of prior traumatic events were not significantly different among subjects who were positive or negative for ASD/PTSD diagnoses.
CONCLUSION: There was a significant prevalence of ASD/PTSD diagnoses among residents exposed to Typhoon Ondoy and Habagat, thus the need for developing a means of early detection and immediate therapeutic intervention in Filipino communities exposed to natural disasters.
Human ; Prevalence ; Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute ; Stress Disorders, Post-traumatic ; Cyclonic Storms
2.Psychiatric Symptoms in Teachers from Danwon High School after Exposure to the Sinking of the Motor Vessel Sewol.
Mi Sun LEE ; Soo Young BHANG ; Cheol Soon LEE ; Hyoung Yoon CHANG ; Ji Youn KIM ; Ju Hyun LEE ; Eunji KIM ; Seung Min BAE ; Jang Ho PARK ; Hye Jin KIM ; Jun Won HWANG
Psychiatry Investigation 2017;14(6):900-903
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to describe the psychiatric symptoms in the teachers from Danwon High School who were exposed to the sinking of the Motor Vessel Sewol. METHODS: Data were collected from 32 teachers who underwent psychiatric interventions by 16 volunteer psychiatrists for 3 months after the sinking of the Motor Vessel Sewol. RESULTS: The most commonly diagnosed clinical diagnosis in the teachers were normal reaction, acute stress disorder and adjustment disorder. Psychiatric symptoms including anxiety, depressed mood and sleep disturbances were also observed. CONCLUSION: In the acute aftermath of the Sewol Ferry sinking on April 16, 2014, psychiatrists volunteered to provide professional psychiatric interventions to Danwon High School teachers. These results suggest the importance of crisis intervention focused on the teachers who are exposed to disasters. The implications for future research and interventions are discussed.
Adjustment Disorders
;
Anxiety
;
Crisis Intervention
;
Diagnosis
;
Disasters
;
Humans
;
Psychiatry
;
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
;
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
;
Volunteers
3.Increased Frontal Gamma and Posterior Delta Powers as Potential Neurophysiological Correlates Differentiating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from Anxiety Disorders.
Sun Young MOON ; Yoo Bin CHOI ; Hee Kyung JUNG ; Yoonji Irene LEE ; Soo Hee CHOI
Psychiatry Investigation 2018;15(11):1087-1093
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is distinct from anxiety disorders in its etiology and clinical symptomatology, and was reclassified into trauma- and stressor-related disorders in DSM-5. This study aimed to find neurophysiological correlates differentiating PTSD from anxiety disorders using resting-state quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG). METHODS: Thirty-six patients with either PTSD or acute stress disorder and 79 patients with anxiety disorder were included in the analysis. qEEG data of absolute and relative powers and patients’ medication status on the day of qEEG examination were obtained. Electrodes were grouped into frontal, central, and posterior regions to analyze for regional differences. General linear models were utilized to test for group differences in absolute and relative powers while controlling for medications. RESULTS: PTSD patients differed from those with anxiety disorders in overall absolute powers [F(5,327)=2.601, p=0.025]. Specifically, overall absolute delta powers [F(1,331)=4.363, p=0.037], and overall relative gamma powers [F(1,331)=3.965, p=0.047] were increased in PTSD group compared to anxiety disorder group. Post hoc analysis regarding brain regions showed that the increase in absolute delta powers were localized to the posterior region [F(1,107)=4.001, p=0.048]. Additionally, frontal absolute gamma powers [F(1,107)=4.138, p=0.044] were increased in PTSD group compared to anxiety disorder group. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests increased overall absolute delta powers and relative gamma powers as potential markers that could differentiate PTSD from anxiety disorders. Moreover, increased frontal absolute gamma and posterior delta powers might pose as novel markers of PTSD, which may reflect its distinct symptomatology.
Anxiety Disorders*
;
Anxiety*
;
Brain
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Electrodes
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Electroencephalography
;
Humans
;
Linear Models
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Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic*
;
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
4.Treatment Response of Affect Regulation Group Therapy for Recently Traumatized School Children.
Chung Yeub CHUNG ; Daeho KIM ; Seok Hyeon KIM ; Hwallip BAE ; Kounseok LEE ; Bokja GO
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2014;53(3):171-177
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment effect and predictors of response of affect regulation group therapy (ARGT) delivered to a group of recently traumatized children. METHODS: A total of 464 school children, who had witnessed or confronted a tragic accident at school, were given a single-session of affect regulation group therapy, that which included psychoeducation and affect regulation elements from eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Of 213 children whose with initial score of Subject Unit of Disturbance Scale (SUDS) score over 4, we compared pre- and post-treatment scores and performed conducted the responder vs. non-responder comparison. The pPost-traumatic disorder (PTSD) symptom scores measured by using Child Reaction to Traumatic Events Scale-Revised (CRTES-R), demographic variables, and clinical variables were considered. RESULTS: Affect regulation group therapy was effective for children who had experienced an acute traumatic event (t=16.3, p<0.001). Baseline SUDS score of for non-responder were was significantly higher (t=-2.89, p<0.001) and CRTES-R score approached a level of significance level (t=-1.72, p=0.09). However, results of logistic regression analysis identified showed that the pretreatment SUDS score was the only significant predictor of non-response. CONCLUSION: Affect regulation group therapy appeared to be effective for children who had undergone experienced an acute traumatic event. And in addition, the survivors' subjective distress was more important to treatment response than severity of PTSD symptoms severity.
Child*
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Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing
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Eye Movements
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Humans
;
Logistic Models
;
Psychotherapy, Group*
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Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
;
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
5.The Incidence and Risk Factors of Psychiatric Complications in Electrical Injury.
Seung Lyul SHIN ; Eun Jin KIM ; Tae Ho SONG ; Ki Cheul NOH ; Eung Soo KIM ; Hyun Chul KIM ; Chang Hae PYO
Journal of Korean Burn Society 2010;13(2):91-96
PURPOSE: Electrical injuries may cause many psychiatric complications such as depression, acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), etc. The purpose is to search the incidence of psychiatric complications in electrical injury and to compare its associated risk factors with other burn and trauma. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 709 electrically injured patients who were admitted to Hanil General Hospital from 2002 to 2007. Psychiatric complications were defined as depression, acute stress disorder and PTSD according to DSM-IV. We sorted the medical records into demographics, hospitalization, electrical voltage, injured type, extent or site of burn and type of amputation. RESULTS: Total incidence of psychiatric complications was 27.5% (Depression; 15.8%, acute stress disorder or PTSD; 17.6%). High voltage injured patients had psychiatric complications 2.38 times higher than low voltage. Incidence of psychiatric complications were 1.83 times in 6~10% of BSA, 2.01 times in 11~20% and 2.41 times in 21~30% higher than in 0~5% of BSA. If the site of burn included face, psychiatric complications occurred 1.96 times more than other sites. Patients with history of minor and major amputation showed 2.39 and 7.70 times incidence of psychiatric complications, respectively. CONCLUSION: The risk factors of psychiatric complications were high voltage electrical injury, facial burn, extent of burn and history of amputation. If the patients have risk factors, earlier psychiatric consultation may help to manage the psychiatric complications of electrical injury.
Amputation
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Burns
;
Demography
;
Depression
;
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
;
Facial Injuries
;
Hospitalization
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Hospitals, General
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Medical Records
;
Risk Factors
;
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
;
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
6.Wrist-ankle acupuncture for treatment of 11 cases of acute stress disorder.
Yuan-Ling HUANG ; Ying-Ying ZHANG ; Yan SUN
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion 2011;31(2):124-124
Acupuncture Therapy
;
methods
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Adult
;
Ankle
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
;
therapy
;
Wrist
7.Psychometric Properties of the Korean Version of Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire.
Yong Sil KWEON ; Na Young JUNG ; Sheng Min WANG ; Sheila A M RAUCH ; Jeong Ho CHAE ; Hae Kook LEE ; Chung Tai LEE ; Kyoung Uk LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2013;28(11):1672-1676
The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean version of Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ). A Korean version of the SASRQ was produced through forward translation, reconciliation, and back translation. A total of 100 healthy, non-clinical participants were selected through screening and clinical interview, and they each were given a set of questionnaires including SASRQ. Psychometric properties of SASRQ were then examined through statistical analyses. Full-scale and subscales of SASRQ yielded excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.98 and 0.78-0.95, respectively). Test-retest reliability at 2-week intervals was satisfactory, with coefficient r ranging between 0.47 and 0.71. Convergent validity was also demonstrated by strong correlations between SASRQ and other trauma-related questionnaires. Correlation with Social Desirability Scale, however, was not found to be significant; thus evidenced divergent validity. The Korean version of SASRQ appears to be a reliable and valid measurement tool for assessing symptoms of acute stress disorder. Including clinical samples for comparison with controls would be necessary in future studies.
Adult
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Disability Evaluation
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Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Psychometrics/*statistics & numerical data
;
Questionnaires
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
Republic of Korea
;
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*diagnosis
;
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute/*diagnosis
8.Psychiatric Symptoms and Clinical Diagnosis in High School Students Exposed to the Sewol Ferry Disaster
Jong Kil OH ; Mi Sun LEE ; Seung Min BAE ; Eunji KIM ; Jun Won HWANG ; Hyoung Yoon CHANG ; Juhyun LEE ; Jiyoun KIM ; Cheol Soon LEE ; Jangho PARK ; Soo Young BHANG
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2019;34(5):e38-
BACKGROUND: Two hundred and fifty 11th grade students and teachers from Danwon High School drowned, during a school trip, in the Sewol Ferry Disaster. The goal of this study was to investigate the experiences of the psychiatrists who volunteered and provided psychiatric services to the students at Danwon High School. METHODS: From the second day to the 138th day after the disaster, pro bono psychiatrists provided post-disaster interventions to the 10th and 12th-grade Danwon High School students who did not attend the trip. Officially, 167 psychiatrists conducted outreach in approximately 550 encounters. The study questionnaires were distributed retrospectively to psychiatric volunteers who conducted outreach at Danwon High School. We surveyed the pro bono psychiatrists about their experiences, including the students' chief complaints, psychiatric problems, clinical diagnoses, and psychiatrists' treatment recommendations. RESULTS: We reached 72 (43.1%) of the 167 volunteers, and they reported on 212 (38.6%) of the 550 encounters. The common chief complaints were mental health problems, companion problems, and family problems. The most frequent psychiatric symptoms were anxiety (76.89%), depressive mood (51.42%), and concentration difficulty (50.94%). The most frequent clinical diagnoses of the students were normal reaction (41.04%), acute stress disorder (24.53%), adjustment disorder (17.92%), anxiety disorders (9.43%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (6.60%). More than half of the students needed “additional counseling/therapy” (41.04%) or “referral to psychiatric treatment” (14.15%). CONCLUSION: During the acute aftermath of the Sewol Ferry Disaster, volunteer psychiatrists were able to provide services. These services included psychiatric assessments, crisis counseling, psychological first aid, and referrals for ongoing care. More than half of the students were perceived to have a psychiatric diagnosis, and a substantial proportion of students needed further treatment. Future research should focus on the short- and long-term effects of psychiatric interventions and the characterization of post-disaster mental health needs and service provision patterns.
Adjustment Disorders
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Adolescent
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Anxiety
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Anxiety Disorders
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Counseling
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Diagnosis
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Disasters
;
First Aid
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Friends
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Humans
;
Mental Disorders
;
Mental Health
;
Psychiatry
;
Referral and Consultation
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
;
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
;
Volunteers
9.Stress gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients and its effect on the prognosis.
Wen-zhao CHAI ; Xiao-ting WANG ; Xiu-kai CHEN ; Qing ZHANG ; Da-wei LIU
Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2009;12(5):449-451
OBJECTIVETo investigate stress gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients and its effect on the prognosis.
METHODSClinical data of 1148 critically ill patients consecutively admitted to Intensive Care Unit of East Campuses of Peking Union Medical College Hospital during 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. The main contents of investigation included morbility and mortality of stress gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients and its relationship with multiple organ dysfunction.
RESULTSAmong the 1148 critically ill patients, organ dysfunction occurred in 254 cases, including 57 cases with shock, 124 with respiratory dysfunction, 46 with acute renal dysfunction, 192 with coagulation dysfunction and 40 with stress gastrointestinal bleeding. The patients with stress gastrointestinal bleeding took up 15.7% among organ dysfunction patients and 3.5% among critically ill patients. 97.5% stress gastrointestinal bleeding accompanied with other organ dysfunction. The mortality of stress gastrointestinal bleeding was 40.0%, which was higher than that of shock (28.1%), respiratory dysfunction (22.6%), renal dysfunction (30.4%) and coagulation dysfunction (13.5%) (all P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis found that stress gastrointestinal bleeding was an independent risk factor associated with mortality (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONThe patients with stress gastrointestinal bleeding usually have a poor prognosis.
Critical Illness ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute ; complications
10.Predictors of the Posttraumatic Growth in Parents of Children with Leukemia.
Sungsil HONG ; Ho Ran PARK ; Sun Hee CHOI
Asian Oncology Nursing 2018;18(4):224-231
PURPOSE: Parents caring for children with leukemia experience a tremendous challenge to get positive results in overcoming traumatic events with their children. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of posttraumatic growth in parents of children with leukemia. METHODS: One hundred thirty seven parents (117 mothers and 20 fathers) of children with leukemia participated this study from May to August in 2016. Participants completed self-report measures of posttraumatic growth, core belief, deliberate rumination, resilience and social support. RESULTS: All the variables were positively correlated with posttraumatic growth. Core belief, resilience and social support were significant predictors related to posttraumatic growth in parents of children with leukemia and explained for 54% of the variance in posttraumatic growth. CONCLUSION: The results show that there are several factors affecting posttraumatic growth in parents of children with leukemia. Therefore, nursing intervention programs including strengthening resilience, revising core belief as well as utilizing social support systems should be provided for this population in order to enhance positive psychological change beyond parental traumatic events related to children with leukemia.
Child*
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Humans
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Leukemia*
;
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
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Mothers
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Nursing
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Parents*
;
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
;
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic