No abstract available.
Aged ; Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Stress, Psychological/*complications ; Tachycardia, Ventricular/diagnosis/drug therapy/*etiology ; Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy/diagnosis/drug therapy/*etiology ; Treatment Outcome

The treatment of pathologic aerophagia has rarely been discussed in the literature. In this retrospective study, the authors investigated the effects of clonazepam on the management of pathologic childhood aerophagia (PCA) with psychological stresses (PS), but not with mental retardation. Data from 22 consecutive PCA patients with PS (aged 2 to 10 yr), who had been followed up for over 1 yr, were reviewed. On the basis of videolaryngoscopic views, the authors observed that the pathology of aerophagia was the result of reflex-induced swallowing with paroxysmal openings of the upper esophageal sphincter due to unknown factors and also observed that these reflex-induced openings were subsided after intravenous low dose benzodiazepine administration. Hence, clonazepam was administered to treat paroxysmal openings in these PCA patients with PS. Remission positivity was defined as symptom-free for a consecutive 1 month within 6 months of treatment. The results of treatment in 22 PCA patients with PS were analyzed. A remission positive state was documented in 14.3% of PCA patients managed by reassurance, and in 66.7% of PCA patients treated with clonazepam (p=0.032). Thus, clonazepam may produce positive results in PCA with PS. Future studies by randomized and placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm the favorable effect of clonazepam in PCA.
Treatment Outcome ; Stress, Psychological/*complications/*drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Injections, Intravenous ; Humans ; Female ; Clonazepam/*administration & dosage ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage ; Aerophagy/*complications/*prevention & control

PURPOSETo compare the therapeutic effects of different doses of intravenous esomeprazole on treating trauma patients with stress ulcer bleeding.

METHODSA total of 102 trauma patients with stress ulcer bleeding were randomly divided into 2 groups: 52 patients were assigned to the high-dose group who received 80 mg intravenous esomeprazole, and then 8 mg/h continuous infusion for 3 days; 50 patients were assigned to the conventional dose group who received 40 mg intravenous esomeprazole sodium once every 12 h for 72 h.

RESULTSCompared with the conventional dose group, the total efficiency of the high-dose group and conventional dose group was 98.08% and 86.00%, respectively (p < 0.05), the hemostatic time was 22.10 h ± 5.18 h and 28.27 h ± 5.96 h, respectively (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth doses of intravenous esomeprazole have good hemostatic effects on stress ulcer bleeding in trauma patients. The high-dose esomeprazole is better for hemostasis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Esomeprazole ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; Stomach Ulcer ; complications ; Stress, Psychological ; complications ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications

OBJECTIVETo subjectively and objectively assess the effect of Jiawei Xiaoyao Powder (JXYP) on sleep in patients with psychological stress insomnia. METHHODS: A randomized controlled study was conducted in 33 patients with psychological stress insomnia. They were assigned to 4 groups, 4 in the TCM group treated with JXYP, 5 in the Western medicine (WM) group treated with Estazolam, 9 in the integrated medicine (IM) group treated with JXYP plus Estazolam, and 10 in the control group treated with placebo. Quality of sleep in patients was assessed subjectively and objectively before treatment and 6 weeks after treatment by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), self-rating scale of sleep (SRSS) and polysomnography (PSG), respectively.

RESULTSSubjective assessment on sleep showed that after 6-week treatment, the scores of PSQI and SRSS remarkably reduced in the TCM, IM and control groups (P < 0.05), while the decrease was insignificant in the WM group (P > 0.05), but no significant difference between groups was shown. The objective assessment by PSG showed that no significant change was found after treatment in parameters of total sleep time (TST), sleep time of phase 1 and 2, slow wave phase, rapid-eye-movement (REM) phase, sleep latency, REM sleep latency, also in long waking and short waking times in all group (P > 0.05), but a significant increase of sleep efficacy (P < 0.05) and an increasing trend of TST (P > 0.05) were shown in the IM group, and an increasing trend of both in the TCM group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONJXYP, combined with or without Estazolam, can improve the quality of sleep subjectively, and the combination of the two could enhance the efficacy of sleep in patients with psychological stress insomnia.

Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Estazolam ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Stress, Psychological ; complications ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of famotidine treatment for stress ulcers in neonates.

METHODSFifty-four neonates with stress ulcers from 2001 to 2006 were enrolled. Seven cases were confirmed with stress ulcers by gastroscopy. Famotidine was administered intravenously at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg every other 12 hrs. After cessation of hematemesis and vomiting, famotidine was administered once a day for two days. Primary diseases and complications were concurrently treated. Clinical symptoms and gastric pH were assessed before and after famotidine treatment. Possible adverse effects of famotidine treatmentdouble ended arrowrelated were observed.

RESULTSAfter 24 hrs of famotidine treatment, hematemesis and vomiting ceased in 52 patients (96.3%). Clinical symptoms disappeared in all of the 54 patients 48 hrs after famotidine treatment. Gastric pH value increased 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hrs after famotidine treatment from 2.07+/-0.22 (before treatment) to 5.01-5.15 (P<0.01). All of the 54 patients were successfully treated. Famotidine treatment did not lead to abnormal respiration, heart rate and blood pressure. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and rashes were not seen after famotidine treatment. There were significant differences in white cell count, platelet count and hepatic enzyme levels before and after famotidine treatment. An augmented side effect of the other drugs concurrently used due to famotidine treatment was not noted.

CONCLUSIONSFamotidide is effective and safe for the treatment of stress ulcers in neonates.

Anti-Ulcer Agents ; therapeutic use ; Famotidine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gastric Acidity Determination ; Histamine H2 Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Stomach Ulcer ; drug therapy ; Stress, Psychological ; complications

OBJECTIVETo explore the acting mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD) and its disassembled recipes on stress gastric ulcer, for providing references to the scientific researches on the assembling rule of BXD.

METHODSThe rat model of acute gastric ulcer was established by water immersion-restraint stress. The experimental rats were divided into the normal group, the model group and the treated groups treated with BXD and its disassembled recipes respectively to observe the therapeutic efficacy and the changes of somatostatin (SS) expression in brain and gastric tissues.

RESULTSIn the model group, the SS expression was 0.0237 +/- 0.0056 in brain and 0.0171 +/- 0.0053 in gastric tissue respectively, which was significantly lower than those in the normal group (0.0305 +/- 0.0024 and 0.0282 +/- 0.0037) respectively. Compared to the model group, the two indexes in rats treated with full BXD were 0.0294 +/- 0.0050 and 0.0288 +/- 0.0027, treated with sweet flavor portion were 0.0314 +/- 0.0027 and 0.0219 +/- 0.0059, all showed increase of SS expression, and the increment was more significant in the former.

CONCLUSIONBXD can increase the expression of SS to realize its therapeutic efficacy, and the recipe was assembled rationally.

Animals ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; therapeutic use ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Somatostatin ; biosynthesis ; Stomach Ulcer ; drug therapy ; etiology ; metabolism ; Stress, Psychological ; complications

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify and assess the factors related to the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension based on jurisdictional areas of primary health care posts in a rural community of Korea. METHODS: This study was performed on 4598 adults aged over 30 years in a rural community and we measured their blood pressure (BP) from October. 2007 to August. 2009. Hypertension is defined as a condition characterized by a systolic BP > or =140 mmHg, a diastolic BP > or =90 mmHg or reported treatment with antihypertensive medications. We analyzed the factors related with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 34.7%. The age-adjusted rates of hypertension awareness, treatment and control were 50.6%, 93.9% and 64.1%, respectively. Awareness of hypertension was related with increasing age. Higher awareness was found among men who were felt more stress, were obese and had hypercholesterolemia, and among women who were regulary taking medicine for hypertension, were obese and had diabetes mellitus. In women, the hypertension treatment was related a Medical aid and education for hypertension management. Controlled hypertension was more common among men who were educated about the management of hypertension and among women who had hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS: The awareness of hypertension was low and the control of hypertension was high compared with the nationwide data (KNHANES 2005). The results suggest that understanding the characteristics of hypertension in a community is important to perform a community based hypertension control program.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; Diabetes Complications ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Hypertension/drug therapy/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Interviews as Topic ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Stress, Psychological/complications

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of hesperidin on behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of ratmodel of chronic stress-induced depression.

METHODChronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to establish the rat depression model. Sixty male SD rats were divided randomly into six groups: the normal group, the model group, the hesperidin (40, 80, 160 mg x kg(-1)) group and the positive fluoxetine (10 mg x kg(-1)) group. They were orally administered with drugs for three weeks. The sucrose preference test and the forced swimming test (FST) were assayed to detect animal behavior. The levels of corticosterone (CORT) in serum, mRNA of corticotropin release factor (CRF) in hypothalamus as well as protein expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were determined to clarify the anti-depression effect and mechanism of hesperidin.

RESULTCompared with the model group, rats in the hesperidin (40, 80, 160 mg x kg(-1)) treatment group showed significant increase in the sucrose consumption and decrease in the immobility time in FST to varying degrees. Meanwhile, the excessively high serum CORT and adrenal index of CUMS rats were reversed by treatment with hesperidin. In addition, hesperidin inhibited CRF mRNA expression in hypothalamus and up-regulated GR protein expression in PVN among CUMS rats.

CONCLUSIONHesperidin could effectively improve the behavior of CUMS rats and show the anti-depression effect. Its mechanisms may be related to the function of regulating HPA axis.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Corticosterone ; blood ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; genetics ; metabolism ; Depression ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Fluoxetine ; administration & dosage ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Hesperidin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; metabolism ; Stress, Psychological ; complications ; drug therapy ; Sucrose ; metabolism ; Swimming ; Up-Regulation