Before the era of streptomycine (1952) first used by Selman Walsman, the human history was sunken in thick shadow of tuberculosis. The dead of tuberculosis had dispossessed the life of numerous persons. The discovery of this medication had changed the history. Gerhard Domagk (1939) had rewarded Nobel Prize for his invention to discover protosil the first medication of tuberculosis. DOTS was appreciated as the best option in most efficient intervention. Since May 2001 DOTS enlarged programme was developed world wide
Tuberculosis ; Streptomycin ; Nobel Prize

No abstract available.
Sense Organs* ; Streptomycin*

BACKGROUND: High-level gentamicin and streptomycin disks are not easily available, despite their critical role in detection of high-level resistance to aminoglycosides in enterococci. Therefore, the possibility of applicating home-made disks to test high-level resistance of enterococci to aminoglycosides was evaluated. METHODS: The disk diffusion method using home-made disks was compared with minimal inhibitory concentrations(MIC) in 53 clinical isolates of enterococci, and, the stability of the disks were also evaluated by disk diffusion testing, biweekly, for 14 weeks. RESULTS: The high-level resistance rates to gentamicin(GM) and streptomycin(SM) were 60% and 43%, respectively. Thirty eight % of the enterococci were highly resistant in both GM and SM. The results of the disk diffusion method were consistent with the MIC until 10 weeks after production of the disks. After 12 weeks, the inhibition zones of GM- or SM-susceptible strains decreased by 2.9-3.9 mm, and the discrepancy rates were 5-24% between the results of the MIC and disk diffusion method. The storage temperature of -20degrees C versus -70degrees C showed no difference in the inhibition zone. CONCLUSION: It has been demonstrated that home-made high-level GM and SM disks are stable at -20degrees C for 10 weeks, and the results of disk diffusion method on the disks show they are applicable for the test of susceptibility of aminoglycosides to enterococci.
Aminoglycosides ; Diffusion ; Enterococcus ; Gentamicins ; Streptomycin

Penicillin ; Trimethoprim ; therapeutic aspects ; Streptomycin

Numerous problems has not been solved in the field of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in chemotherapy. There has been many turning points in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis such as; introduction of streptomycin, combination therapy, isoniazid single therapy, intermittent chemotherapy, and recent short-term chemotherapy. It is very important to know about individual drugs for the better chemotherapy. So a review has been made referring many literatures in pharmacologic properties of them. Also single INH therapy, double chemotherapy and triple chemotherapy have be described.
Drug Therapy* ; Isoniazid ; Streptomycin ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

BACKGROUND: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) strains rely on the prompt availability of drug susceptibility test results. We evaluated the reliability and turnaround time of MGIT 960 system, automated version of the MGIT, for antimicrobial susceptibility test of Mycobacteria tuberculosis. METHODS: Ninety six isolates have been tested for susceptibility to isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), ethambutol (EMB) and streptomycin (SM). Results were compared with those obtained by traditional solid media (absolute concentration method, indirect method). RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the susceptibility testing results of the two methods except for EMB. Discrepant results were obtained for 8 isolates (8.3%) with INH, for 3 isolates (3.1%) with RIF, for 13 isolates (13.5%) with EMB, for 10 isolates (10.4%) with SM. Using the indirect method as the gold standard, the sensitivity of INH, RIF, EMB and SM susceptibility testing by the MGIT system were 94.1%, 98.8%, 86.7% and 90.0%, respectively. The specificity were 85.7%, for INH and RIF and 83.3%, for EMB and SM. Turnaround times were significant shorter in MGIT (average 12 days) than in solid media (average 57 days) (P < 0.05) CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that the MGIT system is accurate and rapid for INH, RIF and SM susceptibility test of M. tuberculosis, but EMB susceptibility testing requires further evaluation.
Ethambutol ; Isoniazid ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Rifampin ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Streptomycin ; Tuberculosis

In order to avoid contamination attributed to Vanbreuseghem hair haiting technique in the laboratory, the author contrived the following modified method. After adding 100ml of antibiotics solution (mixture of 500mg of Cyclohexamide, 20, 000u of Penicillin and 40mg of Streptomycin in 1,000ml of distilled water) in PVC phial containing 100gm of soil, it was gently agitated for an hour and lefted to be settled for 12 hours. The suspended solution obtained and a batch of horse hair were randomly distributed on a Petri dishfitted with blue cloths, then cultured at 24C'. The overall results obtained from this modified method were not as satisfying as that of the Vanbreuseghem method but a few advantages such as simplicity of the procedure and significantly lower laboratory contamination implicated its practicality. Furthermore, this method was also found to be useful in the first isolation of infected animal hairs, hair perforation tests and as a substitution for artificial media. For the cross mating, a patch of blue cloths was laid on top cf moist sterilized soil evenly spreaded on a Petri dish. Then hair-baiting procedure was performed and good results were obtained.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Dihydroergotamine ; Hair* ; Horses ; Penicillins ; Soil ; Streptomycin

One case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis associated with inguinal lymphnode enlargement is presented. The patient, 24 years old male, has had palm-sized, dark-brown colored, indurated verrucous patch on left buttoek since 12 years old. Diagnosis was confirmed by characteristic clinical appearance, laboratory findings and histopathology. So he has been treated with I.N.A.H., P.A.S., streptomycin and pyridoxine. Remarkable effect was observed.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Pyridoxine ; Streptomycin ; Tuberculosis* ; Young Adult

Streptomycin is currently utilized to treat advanced tuberculosis in Korea. However, the usefulness of intravascular streptomycin is not fully understood. In this study, streptomycin was administered intravenously in 30 patients. Intravenous administration of streptomycin may be a useful route of administration without undesirable toxicities.
Administration, Intravenous ; Humans ; Korea ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Streptomycin ; Tuberculosis

A study of concentration smear, culture for AFB and sensitivity test for antituberculous drugs was carried out in 810 patients who had been admitted in SNUH in the period of 12 months from January 1976 to December 1976. Acid-fast bacilli was confirmed in 110 cases (13.6%) by concentrated direct smear and in 88 cases(10.9%) by culture, and concomitantly sensitivity test was performed in 26 isolated cases. Streptomycin, INH, PAS, Kanamycin and Ethionamide were rather less sensitive to the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but all strains obtained during the period of this study were highly sensitive to Rifampicin.
Ethionamide ; Humans ; Kanamycin ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Mycobacterium ; Rifampin ; Streptomycin