1.Serotype prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Malaysia – the need for carriage studies
Hannah C. McNeil ; Stuart C. Clarke
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2016;71(3):134-138
Pneumococcal disease, caused by the bacterium
Streptococcus pneumoniae, is a major burden to global
health. Although the World Health Organisation (WHO)
strongly recommends the inclusion of pneumococcal
conjugate vaccines in national immunisation programmes
(NIP’s) worldwide, this has not occurred in many countries
in the WHO South East Asia and Western Pacific regions –
particularly longstanding middle-income countries. It is
widely accepted that carriage of S. pneumoniae is a
precursor to developing any pneumococcal disease. The
reduction in pneumococcal disease from vaccine serotypes
(VT) following widespread implementation of the
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is believed to be
through the direct immunogenic protective effect of
immunised individuals as well as indirectly through herd
immunity diminishing the incidence of disease in nonimmunised
individuals. In Malaysia, pneumococcal disease
is not included in national surveillance programmes and
although PCVs have been licensed, they have not been
included in the NIP. Hence, the vaccine is only available
privately and the majority of the population is not able to
afford it. There is an urgent need to develop surveillance
programmes in Malaysia to include pneumococcal serotype
data from carriage and invasive disease so that it may help
guide national vaccine policy prior to a decision being taken
on the inclusion of PCVs in the NIP.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
2.The Binax NOW 'Streptococcus pneumoniae' test for the diagnosis of pneumococcal meningitis in children
Stanley Hanap ; Theresia Rongap ; Nakapi Tefuarani ; Trevor Duke
Papua New Guinea medical journal 2016;59(1-2):46-53
Background: Identifying the causes of childhood meningitis is difficult. Conventional diagnostic tests (culture, bacterial latex and Gram staining) have limitations, especially in settings where many children receive antibiotics prior to presentation. A point-of-care test called Binax NOW detects meningitis due to 'Streptococcus pneumoniae' in 15 minutes and is not affected by pre-test antibiotic use.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted among children with suspected bacterial meningitis at Angau Memorial General Hospital to evaluate the usefulness of the Binax NOW 'S. pneumoniae' test in comparison with conventional tests: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bacterial culture, Gram stain and latex agglutination. Latex antigen testing was done for 'S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis'. We analysed the CSF of all children who had a lumbar puncture done for clinical suspicion of meningitis. FINDINGS: 132 children were enrolled in the study, of which 3 were excluded because of insufficient CSF sample to do the Binax NOW test. 5 CSFs were culture positive, all for 'S. pneumoniae'. 13 (10%) of 129 CSF specimens had organisms seen with Gram staining; 7 had Gram-positive cocci and 6 showed Gram-negative bacteria. Latex antigens were positive in 20 cases: for S. pneumoniae (11), 'H. influenzae' (8), 'N. meningitidis' (1). Using the 3 conventional tests combined (culture, Gram stain and antigens) 14 cases of 'S. pneumoniae' meningitis were detected. Binax NOW was positive for 'S. pneumoniae' in 19 cases (15% of meningitis cases): the 14 samples positive by conventional methods and a further 5 cases that were not detected by conventional methods.
Conclusion: The Binax NOW test increases the diagnostic yield for pneumococcal meningitis on CSF. This may be important in surveillance for the effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduced in Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 2014, and in clinical diagnosis. 'H. influenzae' is rarely identified on culture in PNG provincial hospital laboratories, so latex antigen testing is still needed for the accurate diagnosis of 'Haemophilus' meningitis and monitoring of the effectiveness of 'Haemophilus influenzae' type b vaccine.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
3.Introduction of a Catalase Gene into Streptococcus Pneumoniae.
Hee Son KIM ; Soon Jung LEE ; Ik Jung KIM
Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology 2000;35(5):357-357
No Abstract Available.
Catalase*
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae*
;
Streptococcus*
4.Antibiotic-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Hoan Jong LEE ; Eun Hwa CHOI ; Jin Young PARK
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 1997;29(1):1-12
No abstract available.
Penicillins
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae*
;
Streptococcus*
5.Antibiotic resistance of Str.pneumoniae isolated in the recent years.
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2000;10(4):42-46
Outline on the antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated during 1989-1995 in Viet Nam based on the data of antimicrobial susceptibility tests of NIHE and ASTS project. Comparing to the data from countries in South East Asis/India we found that: Str.pneumoniae is still susceptible to benzylpenicillin. B-lactams, macrolides, chloramphenicol. In many countries the reported incidence of drug-resistant Str.Pneumoniae has increased in the last year. The frequency and patterns of resistance vary in different geographic regions, countries and over different periods.
Drug Resistance
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae
6.Investigation of point mutations in pbp1a gene of streptococcus pneumoniae resistant strains by PCR-SSCP-sequencing
Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical 2004;8(2):103-107
Study used the methods of PCR-SSCP-sequencing to detect and identify point mutations in pbp1a gene, one of the genes involved in penicillin resistance of streptococcus pneuminiae. SSCP analysis result of PCR products from 19 clinical resistant and 1 susceptible strains allowed their classification into defferent groups depending on their electrophoretic pattern. This classification fits results obtained by sequencing. With improvement in the resolution capacity of SSCP, these methods could be used efficiently to investigate penicillin resistance in streptococcus pneuminiae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
;
Mutation
;
Genes
7.Study of molecular of 80 clinical streptococcus pneumoniae strains in Maanshan area.
Daoli CHEN ; Machao LI ; Haijian ZHOU ; Guojun LIU ; Yan WANG ; Baiqi YU ; Mingmei SHI ; Xianfeng CHENG ; Ying HONG ; Jin CHEN ; Wanfu HU ; Jun REN ; Shengwei ZHAN
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015;49(1):56-59
8.A Case of Newborn Scpsis Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Eun Ha CHOI ; Seong Hee JANG ; Eun Sil DONG ; Young Min AHN
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1995;38(12):1690-1693
No abstract available.
Humans
;
Infant, Newborn*
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae*
;
Streptococcus*
9.A case of pneumonia and sepsis due to streptococcus pneumoniae highly resistant to penicillin.
Yun Sang SONG ; Yang Ree KIM ; Wan Shick SHIN ; Moon Won KANG ; Ho Youn KIM ; Yeon Joon PARK
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 1992;24(2):139-142
No abstract available.
Penicillins*
;
Pneumonia*
;
Sepsis*
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae*
;
Streptococcus*
10.A case of pneumonia and sepsis due to streptococcus pneumoniae highly resistant to penicillin.
Yun Sang SONG ; Yang Ree KIM ; Wan Shick SHIN ; Moon Won KANG ; Ho Youn KIM ; Yeon Joon PARK
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 1992;24(2):139-142
No abstract available.
Penicillins*
;
Pneumonia*
;
Sepsis*
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae*
;
Streptococcus*