Many sensitizing chemicals and additives are used in manifacturing and mending dentures. Among them, phtolyldiethanolamine, a kind of accelerto for polymerization, is necessary only in self-curing acrylic resins which are available for repairing and relining of denture. Although the sotirce of denture stomatitis is still controversial, a true allergy to denture base materials can be recognized by a patch test. We report a case of allergic contact stomatitis due to dentn e relining materials in a 65-year-old denturecariying edentulous patient. Patch testievi.aled positive reaction to polyldiethanolamine which is considerd to be contained in a cold curing acrylic resin fluid.
Acrylic Resins ; Aged ; Denture Bases ; Denture Rebasing* ; Dentures* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Patch Tests ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Stomatitis* ; Stomatitis, Denture

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to compare the adhesion of Candida albicans to the surfaces of CAD/CAM and conventionally fabricated complete denture bases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty discs of acrylic resin poly (methyl methacrylate) were fabricated with CAD/CAM and conventional procedures (heat-polymerized acrylic resin). The specimens were divided into two groups: 10 discs were fabricated using the CAD/CAM procedure (Wieland Digital Denture Ivoclar Vivadent), and 10 discs were fabricated using a conventional flasking and pressure-pack technique. Candida colonization was performed on all the specimens using four Candida albicans isolates. The difference in Candida albicans adhesion on the discs was evaluated. The number of adherent yeast cells was calculated by the colony-forming units (CFU) and by Fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the adhesion of Candida albicans to the complete denture bases created with CAD/CAM and the adhesion to those created with the conventional procedure. The CAD/CAM denture bases exhibited less adhesion of Candida albicans than did the denture bases created with the conventional procedure (P<.05). CONCLUSION: The CAD/CAM procedure for fabricating complete dentures showed promising potential for reducing the adherence of Candida to the denture base surface. Clinical Implications. Complete dentures made with the CAD/CAM procedure might decrease the incidence of denture stomatitis compared with conventional dentures.
Candida albicans ; Candida* ; Colon ; Denture Bases ; Denture, Complete* ; Dentures ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Incidence ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Stem Cells ; Stomatitis, Denture ; Yeasts

Adherence of Candida albicans(C. albicans) to the surface of a denture is believed to be an initial and essential step in the formation of denture-induced stomatitis. Previous studies have provided enormous infomation on the relationship between composition of palatine gland/parotid saliva and upper denture stomatitis. Relatively little information is available on the correlation between lower denture stomatitis and sublingual-submandibular(SLSM) saliva. The plaque samples were collected from the two sites(100mm2) on the inner surface of lower partial denture corresponding to the stomatitis and healthy region of the lower partial dentures of 12 denture stomatitis patients and 6 normal persons who wore lower partial dentures. The samples were plated to isolate C. albicans on a selective Saboraud's dextrose agar plate and the isolates were identified by germ tube test and gram staining. The subjects were divided into group I (stomatitis with C. albican), group II (lesion without C. albicans), group III (no lesion but C. albicans), and group IV (normal and healthy denture wearer). Individual SLSM saliva (20microgram of protein) was analyzed by SDS-PAGE(SDS-poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis) with Coomassie brilliant blue and PAS(Periodic Acid Schiff) staining. The salivary proteins separated in the polyacryamide gels were subjected to immunoblot analysis using anti-lactoferrin, anti-sIgA, and anti-secretory component of sIgA. In this study using custom made acrylic denture resin beads(5mm in diameter) coated with stimulated individual SLSM saliva, the binding ability of individual C. albicans strains to the beads was observed. Levels of C. albicans adhered to the acrylic resin beads were determined by measuring the optical density of the bound C. albicans to the beads at 580nm. The results showed that a higher number of C. albicans was observed in the lesion site than health site. The saliva of group I contained more high molecular weight glycoprotein(mucin, MG1) as compared to group II, III, and IV. And lactoferrin and sIgA affected to the binding ability of C. albicans to acylic resin beads. Binding ability of individual C. albicans to the acrylic resin coated with respective individual saliva was found to be greater in group I than the other 3 groups. And when bound cells of C. albicans isolated from individual subject #2 to the saliva coated beads were used, binding ability of subject #2 saliva coated beads was founed to be greater than the other subjects. These results suggested that denture induced stomatitis is related to individual patient's salivary protein composition, especially MG-1. Future studies will be directed toward saliva examination of patients who have general disease and analysis of pellicles formed on prosthesis with respect to oral disease.
Agar ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Denture, Partial ; Dentures* ; Gels ; Glucose ; Glycoproteins* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; Lactoferrin ; Molecular Weight ; Prostheses and Implants ; Saliva ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides ; Stomatitis ; Stomatitis, Denture*

Candida albicans is a commensal yeast normally present in small numbers as normal oral flora. In a certain condition, however, the yeast may proliferate and/or become invasive resulting in oral candidiasis such as denture stomatitis, and may even cause life-threatening systemic candidiasis. The present study was undertaken to test whether polyphosphate (polyP), which has been shown to be a strong antibacterial agent against a variety of oral pathogens, has antifungal effect on C. albicans. C. albicans ATCC 90027 was grown in Sabouraud-Dextrose broth with or without polyP. Anti-C. albicans activity of polyPs with various chain lengths was determined by measuring the growth of candidal cells at 540 nm. polyPs with chain length of 3 (polyP3) or higher effectively inhibited the candidal growth when added at the very beginning of the culture, whereas orthophosphate and pyrophosphate failed to do so. At the concentration of 0.05 percent, all the polyPs tested inhibited candidal growth. The effect of polyP65 that showed stronger anti-candidal effect than others at the concentrations tested and of Calgon (hexametapolyphosphate, practical grade) was further examined. The concentration of 0.03 percent was enough for polyP65 and Calgon to suppress candidal growth throughout the 48-h incubation. PolyP65 added to the growing C. albicans at its exponential phase was as much effective in inhibiting the candidal growth as added at the very beginning of the culture. It was found that 93.8 and 96.9 percent of the yeast cells lost their viability when polyP65 was added to growing C. albicans at the concentrations of 0.03 and 0.05 percent, respectively. Intracellular nucleotide release from the candidal cells incubated with polyP65 was only slightly increased and the nucleotide release was not reversed by the addition of divalent metal ions like Mg++ and Ca++. Under the transmission electron microscope, although the majority of growing C. albicans cells appeared to be atypical in their shape in the presence of polyP65, only a small number of the cells were observed to be lysed. The overall results suggest that polyP has a strong fungicidal activity against C. albicans, in which chelation-mediated cell lysis may not play the major role, but other novel mechanisms that possibly affect the viability of the yeast may be involved. Since polyP also has a strong antibacterial effect on oral pathogens, it may well be used for the prevention and treatment of a variety of oral diseases caused by a wide spectrum of microorganisms including C. albicans.
Candida albicans ; Candidiasis ; Candidiasis, Oral ; Ions ; Phosphates ; Polyps ; Stomatitis, Denture ; Yeasts

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the adhesion to acrylic resin specimens and biofilm formation capability of Candida albicans strains isolated from HIV positive subjects' oral rinse solutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material tested was a heat-cured acrylic resin (Acron Duo). Using the adhesion and crystal violet assays, 14 oral Candida albicans isolated from HIV-positive subjects and 2 references Candida strains (C. albicans ATCC 90028 and C. albicans ATCC 90128) were compared for their biofilm production and adhesion properties to acrylic surfaces in vitro. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in adhesion (P=.52) and biofilm formation assays (P=.42) by statistical analysis with Mann-Whitney test. CONCLUSION: Denture stomatitis and increased prevalence of candidal carriage in HIV infected patients is unlikely to be related to the biofilm formation and adhesion abilities of C. albicans to acrylic resin materials.
Biofilms ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Gentian Violet ; HIV* ; Humans ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Prevalence ; Stomatitis, Denture

Purpose: Colonization of denture soft lining materials by Candida albicans can result in clinical problem, and deterioration of the materials. This study aimed to compare the retention and penetration of C. albicans into four denture soft lining materials commonly used. Materials and methods: Four denture soft lining materials(Coe-comfort., Coe-soft., GC soft liner., and Tissue conditioner.) discs were prepared to glass slide and dental stone. Adherence of yeast to surfaces was monitored after one hour incubation of standardized washed cell suspension with test disc surfaces. Adherent cells stained with acridine orange were counted fluorescence microscopy. Penetration of yeast into materials bonded with acrylic resin after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days incubation was observed through sections stained using acridine orange and estimated to quantitative analysis using radioisotope. Results: There was statistical significance in cell numbers between smooth and rough surfaces(p<0.05). Higher numbers of cells were observed on rough surfaces. There was statistical significance in adherent cell numbers into smooth and rough surfaces individually(p<0.05). According to the increase of incubation periods, the cells penetrated into denture soft lining materials were shown to increase. The differences among all kinds of soft liner were statistically significant(p<0.05),and the largest number of cells penetrated into soft liners was observed in the Coe-soft. Conclusion: Initial adherence and penetration of yeast into denture soft lining materials has been influenced by surface roughness and chemical composition of them. The selection of appropriate materials and their fabrication may promote clinical performance.
Acridine Orange ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Cell Count ; Colon ; Dentures* ; Glass ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Stomatitis, Denture ; Yeasts

PURPOSE: The aim of the present investigation was to understand the incidence, prevalence of denture stomatitis in denture wearers, who were over 60 years old, and use the results for a fundamental data to promote public awareness about denture stomatitis and its education tools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From August 21 to September 8 2017, 500 denture wearers, who were more than 60 years old in Seoul and 4 other metropolitan cities (Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, and Daejeon), received questionnaires. The questionnaires included denture wearers' demographic distributions, specific dental treatment experiences, discomforts with current dentures, their oral health conditions, and the method of denture cleansing. RESULTS: Thirty-two percent of 500 denture wearers responded that they have healthy oral conditions. Two hundred and eight respondents (41.6%) were aware of denture stomatitis. Only 131 (26.2%) were informed about the removable denture covered by national health insurance and 327 (65.4%) of denture wearers were using the improper denture cleansing methods. CONCLUSION: A large number of denture wearers still do not recognize the importance of proper treatment for denture stomatitis, insurance covered denture treatments, and adequate denture cleansing methods.
Daegu ; Dental Restoration Wear ; Dentures* ; Education ; Gwangju ; Incidence ; Insurance* ; Methods* ; National Health Programs ; Oral Health* ; Prevalence ; Seoul ; Stomatitis, Denture ; Surveys and Questionnaires