In this paper the background and advances of stem cell technique in stomatology were reviewed, especially the lately research of repair of maxillofacial defects with bone marrow stem cells, repair or reconstitution of teeth with dental pulp stem cells and repair of other tissues such as parotid with embryonic stem cell. Stem cell technique provides a new choice and extensive prospect of application for stomatology, therefore, deserves further research.
Oral Medicine ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Stem Cells ; cytology

This paper summarizes the current literature on the potential therapeutic role of stem cell transplantation for kidney injury and repair and focuses on the choice of types of stem cells, the method of transplantation, and the mechanisms of stem cell homing to injured renal tissues and its protective effects. The application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) shows wide prospects, but the approach and optimal dose of cell transplantation are under intensive investigation. Signals that regulate stem cell homing to injured renal tissues may be related to chemokines or factors released in the target site. Several studies have pointed out that paracrine and endocrine of stem cells are the most likely mechanism of action in the injured nephron. Many questions remain unanswered but stem cell-based therapy is a promising new strategy for acute and chronic kidney diseases.
Animals ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; therapy ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods

The purpose of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation by intra-bone marrow injection (IBM-HSCT) is to facilitate the homing of HSC. It has been recently proven in many animal experiments that different kinds of donor cells could efficiently home and engraft into the bone marrow by IBM-HSCT, which led to the rapid hemopoietic and immune recovery of recipients, preventing the development of GVHD, inducing the donor-specific tolerance in allogeneic organ transplantation, and promoting the survival rate of recipients. In this review, the effect of IBM-BMT and IBM-UCBT, the application of IBM injection technique in the study on HSC's biological characteristics, and its prospect for clinical HSCT were summarized.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Infusions, Intraosseous ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is the most effective curative therapy in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Incidence of MDS increases with age, peaking in the seventh decade of last century. Despite improved consolidation chemotherapy regimens, the prognosis of MDS in patients beyond 60 years of age is dismal. The introduction of peripheral blood-derived stem cell grafts into allogeneic HSCT and the known anti-tumor effect of donor lymphocyte infusions paved the way for reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, which makes transplant possible in advanced age, significantly alleviates transplant-related organ toxicity and decreases non-relapse mortality. This article reviews the advanced development of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndromes and the future of reduced intensity conditioning hematopoietic stem cell transplants including feasibility of RIC allo-HSCT in treating patients with MDS, selection of MDS cases for RIC allo-HSCT, opportunity of RIC allo-HSCT, source of stem cells for RIC allo-HSCT, RIC regimen for allo-HSCT, evaluation of curative efficacy and prognosis, GVHD and graft versus MDS, and so on.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; therapy ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; methods ; Humans ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been officially approved in many countries to treat graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune disorders and those associated with tissue regeneration after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Studies in recent years have confirmed that MSC acts mainly through paracrine mechanism, in which extracellular vesicles secreted by MSC (MSC-EV) play a central role. MSC-EV has overwhelming advantages over MSC itself in the setting of adverse effects in clinical application, indicating that MSC-EV might take the place of its parent cells to be a potentially therapeutic tool for "cell-free therapy". The pharmaceutical properties of MSC-EV largely depend upon the practical and optimal techniques including large-scale expansion of MSC, the modification of MSC based on the indications and the in vivo dynamic features of MSC-EV, and the methods for preparing and harvesting large amounts of MSC-EV. The recent progresses on the issues above will be briefly reviewed.
Humans ; Extracellular Vesicles ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods* ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

In the absence of significant improvement of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) by conventional chemotherapy, high dose chemotherapy in combination with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been increasingly used in the past decade for multiple myeloma (MM). Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was one of the most widely used methods in the treatment of MM. The patients who received ASCT may achieve a very good remission rate. ASCT may improve DFS but its application in clinic was limited by its high relapse rate. Tandem transplantation was feasible by its significant improvement of complete remission, but needed further evaluation. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT) has graft-versus-myeloma (GVM) effect, and provides molecular remission in about one third patients. It can only be offered to a small proportion of patients because of its high transplant-related mortality (TRM). Non-myeloablative transplantation is an attractive alternative tested currently in frontline treatment because of its GVM effect and low TRM.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Transplantation, Homologous

Humans ; Fetal Blood ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Anemia ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation/methods* ; Graft vs Host Disease

Adipocytes ; cytology ; Humans ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Stroke ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo review the effect of stem cells in erectile dysfunction as well as their application to the therapy of erectile dysfunction.

DATA SOURCESThe data used in the present article were mainly from PubMed with relevant English articles published from 1974 to 2011. The search terms were "stem cells" and "erectile dysfunction".

STUDY SELECTIONArticles regarding the role of stem cells in erectile dysfunction and their application to the therapy of erectile dysfunction were selected.

RESULTSStem cells hold great promise for regenerative medicine because of their ability to self-renew and to differentiate into various cell types. Meanwhile, in preclinical experiments, therapeutic gene-modified stem cells have been approved to offer a novel strategy for cell therapy and gene therapy of erectile dysfunction.

CONCLUSIONThe transplantation of stem cells has the potential to provide cell types capable of restoring normal function after injury or degradation in erectile dysfunction. However, a series of problems, such as the safety of stem cells transplantation, their application in cell therapy and gene therapy of erectile dysfunction need further investigation.