OBJECTIVETo study the effect of DNase I on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus.

METHODSThe growth curve of S. aureus was detected using a spectrophotometer. The adhesion of S. aureus was analyzed using flat colony counting method, and the biofilm formation was assayed using the 96-well crystal violet staining method.

RESULTSExposure to different concentrations of DNase I did not obviously affect the growth of S. aureus but significantly inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilms in a dose-dependent manner. DNase I inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus at different growth stages. When combined with antibiotics, DNase I resulted in a signi?cant decrease in the established bio?lm biomass compared to antibiotics or DNase I used alone.

CONCLUSIONDNase I can effectively inhibit biofilm formation of S. aureus and enhance the inhibitory effect of antibiotics against S. aureus biofilms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; Deoxyribonuclease I ; chemistry ; Staphylococcus aureus ; growth & development

PURPOSE: Most surgeons have used autogenous cartilage for columella strut graft. But the supply of autogenous cartilage is often limited. So, this study is to investigate the usefulness of biodegradable plate as columella strut material. METHODS: We studied 19 patients who have secondary cleft nasal deformity. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A patients who were not closed their growth plate underwent columella strut graft only with biodegradable plate through endonasal approach. The biodegradable plate was inserted between nasal tip and anterior nasal spine. Group B patients were closed their growth plate. They had an operation for columella strut graft with biodegradable plate fixed with autogenous conchal cartilage. If nasal tip projection was insufficient, we performed additionally onlay graft on nasal tip with autogenous soft tissue or remnant cartilage. RESULTS: As a result of mean 14 months follow-up, we achieved a good nasal tip projection, narrowing of interalar distance and symmetrical nostril shape. No specific complications were reported except 2 cases, which were the extrusion of biodegradable plate into the nasal cavity and Staphylococcus aureus infection. CONCLUSION: The columella strut graft using biodegradable plate is simple and effective method. Biodegradable plate can be a good substitute for columella strut in patients who can not use autogenous cartilages.
Absorbable Implants ; Cartilage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Inlays ; Nasal Cavity ; Rhinoplasty ; Spine ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Transplants

OBJECTIVETo study and analyze the antibacterial effects of different extracts from Radix Isatis.

METHODSStaphylococcus aureus was used as the studied object in the experiment. Antibacterial effects of extracts from Radix Isatis were observed by thermocalrimetry on Staphylococcus aureus, together with common pharmacological experiments.

RESULTSThe total extract, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract, n-butylalcohol (nBuOH) extract, chloroform (CHCl(3)) extract and petroleum (P.E.) extract had antiviral effects to some extent while the residue after extracting had no antibacterial activity. The potency of antiviral activity among them was as follows: nBuOH extract > EtOAc extract > CHCl(3) extract > total extract > P.E. extract.

CONCLUSIONThe antibacteriall effects of Radix Isatis were not limited to any active portion, showing that Radix Isatis exerts its antibacterial effects by cooperation of different active fractions in varied ways.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Calorimetry ; Isatis ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; growth & development

BACKGROUND: Delayed entry of blood culture bottles is inevitable when microbiological laboratories do not operate for 24 hr. There are few studies reported for prestorage of these bottles. The growth dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated with respect to various preincubation conditions. METHODS: Fifteen or 150 colony-forming units (CFU) of bacteria were inoculated into standard aerobic or anaerobic blood culture bottles. Bottles were preincubated at 25degrees C or 37degrees C for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, or 48 hr. The time to detection (TTD) then was monitored using the BacT/Alert 3D system (bioMerieux Inc., USA). RESULTS: Significant difference in TTD was observed following preincubation for 8 hr at 25degrees C vs. 4 hr at 37degrees C for S. aureus, 4 hr at 25degrees C vs. 4 hr at 37degrees C for E. coli, 12 hr at 25degrees C vs. 4 hr at 37degrees C for P. aeruginosa, compared to no preincubation (P<0.005). TTD values did not vary significantly with bacterial CFU or with aerobic or anaerobic bottle type. The BacT/Alert 3D system returned false negatives following preincubation of P. aeruginosa for 48 hr at 25degrees C or 24 hr at 37degrees C. CONCLUSIONS: TTD was mainly affected by preincubation temperature and duration rather than by input CFU quantity or bottle type for the 3 experimental bacteria.
Bacteriological Techniques/instrumentation/*methods ; Culture Media ; Escherichia coli/growth & development/*isolation & purification ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development/*isolation & purification ; Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development/*isolation & purification ; Temperature ; Time Factors

Nutrient agar medium was exposed in 0.085-0.092 T static magnetic fields for 12 h. Then we densities the optical densities at lamda = 600 (OD600) of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis in different culturing stage. The results were compared with those of control group in the normal geomagnetic field. The OD600 values of experimental groups of these three kinds of aerobes were significantly higher than those of control groups from 3h to 9h. However, after 11 h, there was no remarkable difference regarding the OD600 values between the two groups. The dissolved oxygen content of nutrient agar medium was determined by microtitration. The dissolved oxygen of nutrient agar medium under static magnetic for 12h increased 15% in average and there was significant difference when compared with the control. The results showed that the ferro-magnetic fields increased the dissolved oxygen content of nutrient agar medium significantly. These findings suggest that the effects of static magnetic fields on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis are related to the dissolved oxygen.
Bacillus subtilis ; growth & development ; radiation effects ; Culture Media ; radiation effects ; Escherichia coli ; growth & development ; radiation effects ; Magnetic Fields ; Staphylococcus aureus ; growth & development ; radiation effects

The standard iron-chelator deferoxamine is known to prevent the growth of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) which are major pathogens in iron-overloaded patients. However, we found that deferoxamine rather promotes the growth of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Accordingly, we tested whether deferiprone, a new clinically-available iron-chelator, can prevent the growth of S. aureus strains as well as CoNS. Deferiprone did not at least promote the growth of all S. aureus strains (n=26) and CoNS (n=27) at relatively low doses; moreover, it could significantly inhibit the growth of all staphylococci on non-transferrin-bound-iron and the growth of all CoNS on transferrin-bound iron at relatively high doses. At the same doses, it did not at least promote the growth of all S. aureus strains on transferrin-bound-iron. These findings indicate that deferiprone can be useful to prevent staphylococcal infections, as well as to improve iron overload, in iron-overloaded patients.
Deferoxamine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Iron/metabolism ; Iron Chelating Agents/*pharmacology ; Iron Overload/metabolism ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pyridones/*pharmacology ; Staphylococcus/*drug effects/growth & development ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/growth & development ; Transferrin/metabolism

Subacute hematogenous ostemyelitis is mostly likely due to an altered relationship between host and pathogen, associated with increase host resistance, decreased virulence of the causative organism and/or antibiotics modification. In a retrospective study of the hematogenous ostemyelitis in 156 cases, 19 cases of them were the subacute form of the ostemyelitis. Pain is the most consistent symptom and most of the constitutional symptoms were usually mild. However, the ESR was often elevated. From our data, the following results were obtained. 1. The most common skeletal involvement was the distal part of the tibia(8 out of 19 patients). 2. The causative organism was staphylococcus aureus by the bacterial culture of the specimens. 3. In the literature, acute hematogenous ostemyelitis rarely cross the physis in patients older than 18 months of its age. However, subacute ostemyelitis frequently does cross the physis(5 out of 19 patients). 4. Cross physeal lesions were healed without any permanant damage to the growth plate in our cases(5 out of 19 patients). 5. All patients except for one case were treated by curettage and antibiotics. 6. The mush higher incidence of the cross physeal lesions may be expected by MRI in identifying the lesion. 7. Seven out of 19 patients had radiographic findings similar to eosinophilic granjuloma, Ewing's sarcoma or osteosarcoma.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Curettage ; Eosinophils ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Osteosarcoma ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Virulence

A clinical observation of 30 cases of pyogenic abscess and 18 cases of tuberculous abscess in the metaphysis of long bones during the past 15 years was carried out and following results were obtained. 1. The highest age incidence was the second decade (53.3%) in pyogenic abscess and the first decade (44.4%) in tuberculous abscess. 2. Average duration of symptoms were 1.6 years in pyogenic abscess and 2.3 years in tuberculous abscess. 3. Chief complaint on admission was pain both in pyogenic abscess (56.7%) and in tuberculous abscess (27.8%). 4. The tibia was the most common site in pyogenic abscess and the femur in tuberculous abscess. 5. Leucocyte count was increased more than 15, 000/mm in 23.3% of pyogenic abscess and 22. 2% of tuberculous abscess. 6. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was increased more than 21mm/hr in 60.0% of pyogenic abscess and in 44.4% of tuberculous abecess. 7. Epiphysis was involved in 23.3% of pyogenic abscess and 38.9% of tuberculous abscess. 8. The positive result on bacteriologic culture was 46.7% in pyogenic abscess and 22.2% in tuberculous abscess. Coagulase positive staphylococcus aureus was cultured in 12 cases and other organisms were cultured in 2 cases. 9. Differential diagnosis between pyogenic, tuberculous abscess, and cystic tumors was not easy in many cases. Preoperatively, 5 cases of pyogenic abscess were misdiagnosed as tuberculosis and 2 cases as osteod osteoid osteoma. 3 cases of tuberculous abscess were misdiagnosed as pyogenics and 1 case as giant cell tumor. 10. Various methods of surgery including saucerization, curettage and bone graft, resection of bony focus, and arthrodesis were carried out. There was no difference in the end result between them. 11. Shortening or deformity due to epiphyseal plate damage was occurred in 3 cases (10.0%) in pyogenic abscess and 4 cases (22.2%) in tuberculous abscess. Those complications could be minimized with meticulous surgery not damaging the epiphyseal plate.
Abscess ; Arthrodesis ; Blood Sedimentation ; Coagulase ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Curettage ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epiphyses ; Femur ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Growth Plate ; Incidence ; Osteoma, Osteoid ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Tibia ; Transplants ; Tuberculosis

Clinical observations of 11 cases of acute pyogenic osteomyelitls and 14 cases of acute pyogenic arthritis in infancy during past 11 years were carried out and following results obtained. 1. The highest age incidence was less than 3 months after birth (70.6%). 2. Average duration of symptoms was 7.8 days. 3. The most important underlying cause was multiple femorai vessel puncture (23.5%). 4. The chief symptom or sign on admission was pseudoparalysis or limitation of motion (82.4%), and local swelling (82.4%). But high fever on admission was present in only 29.4% of cases. 5. The femur was the most common site in acute pyogenic osteomyelitis (36.4%), and the hip joint in acute pyogenic arthritis (42.9%). 6. Leucocyte count was Increased more than 20,000/mm in 60.0% of the cases. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was increased more than 21 mm/hr in 72.0% of cases. The positive result on bacteriologic culture was 76.0%. Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in 4 cases of acute pyogenic osteomyelitis and 5 cases of acute pyogenic arthritls. a-hemolytic Streptococcus was cultured in 2 cases of acute pyogenic osteomyelitls and 1 case of acute pyogenic arthritis. Hemophilus influenzae was cultured in 1 case of acute pyogenic osteomyelitls and 2 cases of acute pyogenic arthritis. 7. 45.5% of acute pyogenic osteomyelitis was combined with acute pyogenic arthritis. 8. The longer the duration of symptoms was, the longer the abnormal hematologic picture lasted. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was the most accurate index of activity in acute infection of bone and joint. 9. Shortening or deformity due to epiphyseal plate damage occured in 1 case of acute pyogenlc osteo-myelitis, and 3 cases of acute pyogenic arthritis. Those complications could be minimized wlth early diagnosis and treatment.
Arthritis ; Blood Sedimentation ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Diagnosis ; Femur ; Fever ; Growth Plate ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Hip Joint ; Incidence ; Joints ; Osteomyelitis ; Parturition ; Punctures ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus

This study sought to assess the effect of SspA on the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm extending over the surfaces of Cardiovascular Biomaterial Dacron. SspA was extracted from the surface of staphylococcus aureus biofilm, purified, and then used to influence the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on Dacron biomaterial surfaces. The formation of the Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on cardiovascular biomaterial Dacron surfaces under gradient SspA concentrations was evaluated by confocal laser microscopy. The result revealed that SspA inhibited the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on cardiovascular biomaterials surfaces effectively, and it was dose dependent. This study indicates that SspA is effective for preventing biomaterial centered infection and this method is conducive to clinical applications.
Bacterial Adhesion ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Biofilms ; growth & development ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Prosthesis-Related Infections ; microbiology ; Serine Endopeptidases ; pharmacology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; pathogenicity ; physiology