The life-span of the sparganum in humans is not exactly known, but it may survive longer than 5 years in some patients. We experienced a case infected with a sparganum that is presumed to have lived for 20 years in a patient's leg. The patient was a 60-year-old woman, and she was admitted to a hospital due to ankle pain that was aggravated on dorsiflexion. She had noticed a mass on her knee some 20 years ago, but she received no medical management for it. The mass moved into the ankle joint 3 months before the current admission, and then the aforementioned symptoms appeared. A living sparganum was recovered by surgery, and the calcified tract near the knee was proved to be the pathway along which the larva had passed.
Animals ; Female ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Leg/parasitology/pathology/radiography/surgery ; Microscopy ; Middle Aged ; Sparganosis/*diagnosis/parasitology/surgery ; Sparganum/*isolation & purification

Recent advances in radiological and serological techniques have enabled easier preoperative diagnosis of sparganosis. However, due to scarcity of cases, sparganosis has been often regarded as a disease of other etiologic origin unless the parasite is confirmed in the lesion. We experienced a case of sparganosis mimicking a varicose vein in terms of clinical manifestations and radiological findings. Sparganosis should be included among the list of differential diagnosis with the varicose vein.
Varicose Veins/*diagnosis/ultrasonography ; Thigh/*parasitology/pathology/surgery ; Sparganum/*isolation & purification ; Sparganosis/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Knee/pathology/radiography ; Humans ; Female ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Animals ; Adult

Sparganosis is a parasitic infection caused by the plerocercoid tapeworm larva of the genus Spirometra. Although the destination of the larva is often a tissue or muscle in the chest, abdominal wall, extremities, eyes, brain, urinary tract, spinal canal, and scrotum, intramuscular sparganosis is uncommon and therefore is difficult to distinguish from a soft tissue tumor. We report a case of intramuscular sparganosis involving the gastrocnemius muscle in an elderly patient who was diagnosed using ultrasonography and MRI and treated by surgical excision. At approximately 1 cm near the schwannoma at the right distal sciatic nerve, several spargana worms were detected and removed.
Aged ; Animals ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Microscopy ; Muscle, Skeletal/*parasitology/*pathology/surgery ; Sparganosis/*diagnosis/parasitology/*pathology/surgery ; Spirometra/*isolation & purification ; Ultrasonography

A 59-year-old Korean man complained of a painless scrotal hard nodule and weak urine stream. The ultrasound scan revealed a 2.2-cm sized round heteroechogenic nodule located in the extratesticular area. Microscopic hematuria was detected in routine laboratory examinations. On scrotal exploration, multiple spargana were incidentally found in the mass and along the left spermatic cord. On cystoscopy, a 10-mm sized mucosal elevation was found in the right side of the bladder dome. After transurethral resection of the covered mucosa, larval tapeworms were removed from inside of the nodule by forceps. Plerocercoids of Spirometra erinacei was confirmed morphologically and also by PCR-sequencing analysis from the extracted tissue of the urinary bladder. So far as the literature is concerned, this is the first worm (PCR)-proven case of sparganosis in the urinary bladder.
Animals ; Cystoscopy ; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics ; Hematuria/diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Scrotum/*parasitology/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Sparganosis/*diagnosis/parasitology ; Spirometra/*isolation & purification ; Urinary Bladder Diseases/*parasitology/*pathology/surgery

Sparganosis, an infection due to the plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei, are found worldwide but the majority of cases occur in East Asia including Korea. This report is on a recurred case of sparganosis in the subcutaneous tissue of the right lower leg 1 year after a surgical removal of a worm from a similar region. At admission, ultrasonography (USG) of the lesion strongly suggested sparganosis, and a worm was successfully removed which turned out to be a sparganum with scolex. Since sparganum has a variable life span, and may develop into a life-threatening severe case, a patient once diagnosed as sparganosis should be properly followed-up for a certain period of time. Although imaging modalities were useful for the diagnosis of sparganosis as seen in this case, serological test such as ELISA should also be accompanied so as to support the preoperative diagnosis.
Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth/blood ; Asia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Leg/parasitology/pathology/ultrasonography ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Sparganosis/*diagnosis/surgery ; Spirometra/*isolation & purification

We report here a case of inguinal sparganosis, initially regarded as myeloid sarcoma, diagnosed in a patient undergone allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (HSCT). A 56-year-old male patient having myelodysplastic syndrome was treated with allogeneic HSCT after myeloablative conditioning regimen. At day 5 post-HSCT, the patient complained of a painless palpable mass on the left scrotum and inguinal area. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed suspected myeloid sarcoma. Gun-biopsy was performed, and the result revealed eosinophilic infiltrations without malignancy. Subsequent serologic IgG antibody test was positive for sparganum. Excisional biopsy as a therapeutic diagnosis was done, and the diagnosis of sparganosis was confirmed eventually. This is the first report of sparganosis after allogeneic HSCT mimicking myeloid sarcoma, giving a lesson that the physicians have to consider the possibility of sparganosis in this clinical situation and perform adequate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Animals ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Larva ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes/complications/surgery ; Republic of Korea ; Sarcoma, Myeloid/diagnosis ; Scrotum/parasitology/*pathology ; Sparganosis/parasitology/*pathology/radiography ; Sparganum/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transplantation, Homologous