No abstract available.
Diarrhea, Infantile* ; Infant ; Soybean Proteins*

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different kinds of traditional Korean soybeans on blood and liver lipids and lipid peroxidation. SD male rats (n =48 )were assigned to six different groups and provided expe-rimental diets for 28 days. The protein source of the diet was casein, isolated soy protein (ISP ), or casein plus traditional soy powders (yellow bean, huktae, jinuni or seorietae ). The ISP, jinuni and seorietae diet decreased blood triglyceride compared to casein group. The ISP groups had lower hepatic total lipid and triglycerides than casein groups. The yellow bean and seorietae group had hepatic lipid lowering effects, but the effect was not found in huktae and jinuni group. The glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase activity was significantly decreased in ISP and jinuni groups than in casein group. The glutamate-pyruvate transaminase activity was also decreased in ISP group. The results of this study suggest that jinuni, yellow bean and seorietae groups are more effective in lowering body lipids than huktae group.
Animals ; Caseins ; Diet ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Liver ; Male ; Powders ; Rats* ; Soybean Proteins ; Soybeans* ; Triglycerides

Phytohormone auxins play important roles in plant growth and development. The primary auxin-response genes can be classified into three major groups: Aux/IAAs, SAURs and GH3s. Significant progress has been made in understanding these gene families by approaches of the functional genomics, molecular genetics and molecular biology. In this review, we focused on the structures, functions and models of the expressional regulation of plant GH3 genes. The interactions in the signal transduction pathways between auxins and other signals mediated by the GH3 genes, the relationship between the GH3 genes and the stress adaptation responses of plants are emphasized.
Arabidopsis Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Ligases ; genetics ; Multigene Family ; Plant Growth Regulators ; genetics ; Soybean Proteins ; genetics

Intake of soy protein the fisk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. This study was designed to effects of isoflavone supplementation on serum lipids in 16 hyperlipidemic postmenopausal women . For this purpose, an intervention study was conducted for 12 weeks. Subjects were healthy, free-living women consuming habitual diets with 0.3g/d of isoflavone. Food and nutrient intake was obtained by 24-hr recall method and anthropometric measurement were made. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol. HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were determined before and after the isoflavone supplementation. The results were summarized as follows. The average age, hight, weight and BMI of the subject were 65.3 years, 151.4 cm, 62.2 kg and 27.1, respectively. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were not reduced significantly with isoflavone supplementation. Total cholesterol (p<0.001), HDL-C(p<0.05), and LDL-C(p<0.01) were significantly increased after isoflavone concentration. In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation was not effective to modify risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Clinical Trial ; Risk Factors ; Soybean Proteins

This study was aimed to investigate whether soy protein hydrolysates had beneficial effects on serum and tissue lipid contents and appetite-related hormones as compared with intact soy protein. Four-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed AIN-93M diet containing high fat (18% w/w) with low protein (10% w/w). After four weeks, the rats were divided into four groups (n = 8/group) and fed experimental diets with different nitrogen sources and levels, respectively; 10% soy protein isolate (10SPI), 25% soy protein isolate (25SPI), 25% soy protein hydrolysates (25SPH) and 25% soy macro-peptide fractions (25SPP, MW > or = 10,000) for six weeks. Weight gain was significantly higher in 25% nitrogen sources-fed groups than in 10% group (10SPI). In 25SPP, perirenal fat mass and serum total lipid were significantly lower than in other groups. As for appetite-related hormones, serum ghrelin concentration was not shown to be different among groups but leptin concentration was significantly decreased in 25SPP. It can be concluded that soy macro-peptide fractions as compared with intact soy protein may have beneficial effects on reducing fat mass and serum lipid.
Animals ; Appetite ; Diet ; Ghrelin ; Humans ; Leptin ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Nitrogen ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Soybean Proteins ; Weight Gain

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of differents solution environments on the ceramic membrane microfiltration of model system of Chinese medicines.

METHODTaking binary system of soybean protein-berberine as the research object, flux, transmittance of berberine and traping rate of protein as indexes, different solution environment on membrane process were investigated.

RESULTWhen the concentration of soybean protein was under 1 g x L(-1), the membrane flux was minimum with the traping of berberine decreased slightly as the concentration increased. When pH was 4, the flux was maximum with the traping rate of protein was 99%, and the transmittance of berberine reached above 60%.

CONCLUSIONThe efficiency of membrane separation can be improved by optimizing the solution environment of water-extraction of chinese medicines. The efficiency of membrane separation is the best when adjust the pH to the isoelectric point of proteins for the proteins as the main pollutant in aqueous solution.

Berberine ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Filtration ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kinetics ; Models, Theoretical ; Solutions ; chemistry ; Soybean Proteins ; chemistry

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of soy protein hydrolyzate on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity in the rat. Thirty-eight male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into five groups: casein, isolated soy protein (ISP), seoritae protein hydrolyzate (SH), soluble soy protein hydrolyzate (SS), and insoluble soy protein hydrolyzate (IS). The control diet (casein group) contained 20% casein protein and experimental diet contained 10% casein and 10% isolated soy-protein or soy-protein hydrolyzate. Fecal lipid content was increased and lipid apparent absorption rate was decreased significantly by the ISP group at the first week of experimental period. Blood triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index (AI) were decreased by soy protein hydrolyzate groups than casein group. Liver total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol were not different among groups, but showed decreasing tendencies in soyprotein hydrolyzate groups. The lipid lowering effect was prominent in the IS group among soy protein hydrolyzate groups. Total antioxidant activity showed increasing tendency in the seoritae hydrolyzate group. Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase activities also showed higher tendencies in the seoritae hydrolyzate group than other groups. In conclusion, insoluble soyprotein hydrolyzate was more effective in lowering body lipids and seoritae hydrolyzate had higher antioxidant capacity among soy protein hydrolyzates.
Absorption ; Animals ; Caseins ; Catalase ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver ; Male ; Rats ; Soybean Proteins ; Sprains and Strains ; Superoxide Dismutase

By now, the digestive stability experiments provided by most authoritative organizations are in vitro tests. Evaluating the protein digestive stability with in vivo models should be more objective. The present study aimed to verify the in vivo digestibility of soybean β-conglycinin β-subunit in Wuzhishan (WZS) minipigs. Three minipigs were surgically fitted with O-stomach and T-ileum cannulae and fed with soybean meals. According to SDS-PAGE, the 50 kD fraction of soybean β-conglycinin β-subunit persisted in the gastric fluid until 6 h after feeding, which was detected at 3 h and clearly visible at 4-6 h in the intestinal fluid. Western blot with anti-β-conglycinin β-subunit McAb confirmed it.
Animals ; Antigens, Plant ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Digestion ; physiology ; Globulins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Male ; Protein Subunits ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Seed Storage Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Soybean Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo establish WZS miniature swine model of beta-conglycinin (7 S) allergy for evaluating the potential allergenicity of genetically modified food.

METHODSTwelve 45-day-old WZS miniature swines from three litters were randomly divided into three groups (control group; 4% 7 S group and 8% 7 S group, n = 4), which were respectively gastric sensitized (day 0 - 10) and oral challenged (day 6 - 18, 31) to induce anaphylactic reactions. Clinical symptoms, skin prick reactions were recorded. At day 10, 19 and 32, serum IgG, IgE, histamine and cytokines levels were measured by ELISA.

RESULTSDiarrhea at different degrees were observed in 4% and 8% 7 S groups. The skin erythema reactions in grade "-", "+/-", "+", "++" of control group respectively were 2/4, 2/4, 0/4, 0/4, of 4% 7 S group were 0/4, 0/4, 2/4, 2/4 and of 8% 7 S group were 0/4, 0/4, 1/4, 3/4. The serum IgE and histamine levels of day 11, 19 and 32 were all significantly and positively correlated (Pearson coefficients = 1, P = 0.000). The serum IgG, IgE and histamine levels all reached the peak after 7 S groups were oral challenged at day 19.Compared with the control group, serum IgG (lg IgG: 2.95 +/- 0.31 vs 2.29 +/- 0.25, t = 3.19, P = 0.011), IgE (lg IgE: 2.45 +/- 0.30 vs 1.77 +/- 0.23, t = 3.31, P = 0.009) and histamine levels(lg histamine:2.13 +/- 0.30 vs 1.45 +/- 0.23, t = 3.34, P = 0.009) of 4% 7 S group at day 19 were all significantly higher, while the serum IFN-gamma content [(35.78 +/- 6.42) pg/ml vs (51.10 +/- 9.67) pg/ml, t = -2.33, P = 0.045] of 4%7 S group was significantly lower.

CONCLUSIONThe WZS miniature swine model orally induced by soybean beta-conglycinin is type I hypersensitivity mediated by IgE, which can be used to predict the potential allergenicity of genetically modified food.

Animals ; Antigens, Plant ; adverse effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Food Hypersensitivity ; etiology ; Globulins ; adverse effects ; Seed Storage Proteins ; adverse effects ; Soybean Proteins ; adverse effects ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

High temperature and humidity stress during seed growth and development of spring soybean can result in seed deterioration in South China. We isolated two genes (GmSBP and GmSBPL) encoding putative SBP proteins from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) to study their biological functions and response to abiotic stress,. The two SBP proteins are hydrophilic and incomplete membrane ones. Real-time quantitative (RT-PCR) analysis reveals that the expression of the two genes in the developing seeds of the seed deterioration resistant cultivar Xiangdou No. 3 and sensitive cultivar Ningzhen No. 1 was significantly affected by high temperature and humidity treatment. Meanwhile, the levels of sucrose and soluble sugar in the developing seeds of both cultivars were also affected under high temperature and humidity stress. During seed growth and development, the expression of the two genes as well as the levels of sucrose and soluble sugar reached the highest at 30 days after flower. GmSBP2 and GmSBPL were found to be differentially expressed in different soybean tissues. Sub-cellular localization indicated that two genes were located in cytoplasm and cell membrane. Our results indicate that GmSBP2 and GmSBPL might be involved in the response to abiotic stress, which will enrich our understanding of pre-harvest seed deterioration and resistance in soybean from one side.
China ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Plant Lectins ; genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seeds ; Soybean Proteins ; genetics ; Soybeans ; genetics ; Stress, Physiological