PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of body mass index (BMI) to smart phone proficiency in men and women over the age of 60. METHODS: Patients were divided into three groups with high (n=33), average (n=34), and low (n=33) smart phone proficiency. Fitness characteristics related to smart phone usage were evaluated by measuring cardiorespiratory endurance, grip strength, eye-hand coordination. As well, smart phone proficiency was evaluated by a self-reported questionnaire and a smart phone usability task that was composed of two categories: usage of the smartphone device itself and usage of phone applications. The differences in BMI of the subjects was analyzed by analysis of covariance adjusting for independent variables including age, smartphone usage period, eye-hand coordination, education and income. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in BMI among the three groups after adjustment of age, eye-hand coordination, smartphone usage period, education and income. The results showed that the self-reported questionnaire showed a significant difference in BMI between high proficiency and low proficiency groups (high 24.88±2.46, low 23.37±2.56; p=0.037). Smart phone usability test results also showed a significant difference in BMI among the three groups (high 25.18±2.58, low 23.15±2.6; p=0.000 and high 25.18±2.58, middle 23.57.7±1.69; p=0.010). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that high smart phone proficiency shows increased BMI in the elderly. This study suggests that people over the age of 60 who have high smartphone proficiency should be cautious of an increased BMI score.
Aged ; Body Mass Index* ; Education ; Female ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Smartphone*

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the association between step volume and intensity with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Korean adults. Methods: The study analyzed 2,038 adults from the 2014 to 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, defining MS based on waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterols. Step volume and intensity were calculated using average number of steps per day and peak 30-minute cadence, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MS by tertiles of step volume and intensity. A joint analysis was conducted to examine the combined association between step volume and intensity with the prevalence of MS. We divided the participants into nine groups according to their step volume (tertiles) and intensity (tertiles). Results: There were 478 MS cases. Compared to the lowest tertile of volume, the ORs of MS were 1.06 (95% CI, 0.79–1.42) and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.47–0.88) in the middle and highest tertile of volume. Compared to the lowest tertile of intensity, the ORs were 1.02 (95% CI, 0.76–1.36) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.55–1.01) in the middle and highest tertile of intensity. In the joint analysis, compared to the group with both lowest volume and intensity, the ORs were significantly lower in all groups with the highest volume, except the group with the lowest intensity. Conclusion Although only greater step volume, not intensity, was independently related to MS, both step volume and intensity appear to be important for preventing MS.