Enophthalmos ; Facial Asymmetry ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Maxillary Sinusitis ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Obstruction ; Surgery, Oral

during bone harvesting from the chin.
Anatomic Variation* ; Chin*

To repair bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial field, bone grafts including autografts, allografts, and artificial bone are used in clinical dentistry despite several disadvantages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate new bone formation and healing in rat calvarial bone defects using hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10[PO4]6[OH]2, Bongros(R), Bio@ Co., KOREA) and tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP, Ca3[PO4]2, Sigma-Aldrich Co., USA) mixed at various ratios. Additionally, this study evaluated the effects of type I collagen (Rat tail, BD Biosciences Co., Sweden) as a basement membrane organic matrix. A total of twenty, 8-week-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250-300g, were divided equally into a control group (n=2) and nine experimental groups (n=2, each). Bilateral, standardized transosseous circular calvarial defects, 5.0 mm in diameter, were created. In each experimental group, the defect was filled with HA and TCP at a ratio of 100:0, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, and 0:100 with or without type I collagen. Rats were sacrificed 4 and 8 weeks post-operation for radiographic (standardized plain film, Kodak Co., USA), histomorphologic (H&E [Hematoxylin and Eosin], MT [Masson Trichrome]), immunohistochemical staining (for BMP-2, -4, VEGF, and vWF), and elementary analysis (Atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 100(R)). As the HA proportion increased, denser radiopacity was seen in most groups at 4 and 8 weeks. In general radiopacity in type I collagen groups was greater than the non-collagen groups, especially in the 100% HA group at 8 weeks. No new bone formation was seen in calvarial defects in any group at 4 weeks. Bridging bone formation from the defect margin was marked at 8 weeks in most type I collagen groups. Although immunohistochemical findings with BMP-2, -4, and VEGF were not significantly different, marked vWF immunoreactivity was present. vWF staining was especially strong in endothelial cells in newly formed bone margins in the 100:0, 80:20, and 70:30 ratio type I collagen groups at 8 weeks. The calcium compositions from the elementary analysis were not statistically significant. Many types of artificial bone have been used as bone graft materials, but most of them can only be applied as an inorganic material. This study confirmed improved bony regeneration by adding organic type I collagen to inorganic HA and TCP mixtures. Therefore, these new artificial bone graft materials, which are under strict storage and distribution systems, will be suggested to be available to clinical dentistry demands.
Absorption ; Animals ; Basement Membrane ; Calcium ; Calcium Phosphates ; Collagen Type I ; Dentistry ; Durapatite ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Tail ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Transplants ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

INTRODUCTION: The planning of implant surgery is an important factor for the implant prosthesis. Stereolithographic (SLA) surgical stents based on a computer simulation are quite helpful for clinicians to perform the surgery as planned. Although many clinical and technical trials have been performed for computed tomography (CT)-guided implant stents to improve the surgical procedures and prosthetic treatment, there are still many problems to solve. We developed a system of a surgical guide based on 3 dimensional (3D) CT for implant therapy and achieved satisfactory results in the terms of planning and operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients were selected and 30 implant fixtures were installed. The preoperative CT data for surgical planning were prepared after obtaining informed consent. Surgical planning was performed using the simulation program, Ondemend3D In2Guide. The stents were fabricated based on the simulation data containing information of the residual bone, the location of the nerve, and the expected design of the prostheses. After surgery with these customized stents, the accuracy and reproducibility of implant surgery were evaluated based on the computer simulation. The data of postoperative CT were used to confirm this system using the image fusion technique and compare the implant fixtures between the planned and implanted. RESULTS: The mean error was 1.18 (+/-0.73) mm at the occlusal center, 1.23 (+/-0.67) mm at the apical center, and the axis error between the two fixtures was 3.25degrees (+/-3.00). These stents showed superior accuracy in maxilla cases. The lateral side error at the apical center was significantly different from the error at the occlusal center but there were no significant differences between the premolars, 1st molars and 2nd molars. CONCLUSION: SLA surgical stents based on a computer simulation have the satisfactory accuracy and are expected to be useful for accurate planning and surgery if some errors can be improved.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bicuspid ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Prostheses and Implants ; Stents

Lateral pharyngeal space is one of potential fascial planes of head and neck, that may become involved by various pathological processes, such as infection, inflammation and neoplasm. The calcified stylohyoid ligament with styloid process is also located in this space, so this space is more acquainted with Eagle's syndrome in oral and maxillofacial field. During the mandibular transbuccal fixation procedures of 29-year old female patient who had right condylar neck and left parasymphysis fracture, we had lost one 10.0 mm miniscrew. After confirming the location of the lost miniscrew from different angled plain skull radiographies, we tried to find it in the lateral pharyngeal space via transtonsillar approach at the time of plate removal operation. This case report is aimed to share our valuable experience of the effective approach way to the lateral pharyngeal space, which has many advantages, such as short operative time, minimal bleeding, fast post-operative recovery, and less morbidity. The related literature is also reviewed.
Adult ; Female ; Foreign Bodies* ; Head ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Ligaments ; Neck ; Operative Time ; Pathologic Processes ; Skull

Displacement (Psychology) ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Leiomyosarcoma ; Mouth

Burkitt lymphoma is a highly aggressive type of hematopoietic malignancy that is comparatively common in children and young people. It is important that Burkitt lymphoma be diagnosed as early as possible for prompt intervention due to its rapidly progressive, high-grade malignant nature. Dentists, especially maxillofacial surgeons, can play a life-saving role in patients with such unknown malignancy as the first clinical or radiological manifestation might occur in the oral region.

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a cytokine within the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, is involved in various malignancies, withimplications in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Elevated GDF-15 levels are correlated with unfavorable prognosis, tumor progression, and chemotherapy resistance, and the protein has been identified as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for OSCC. Personalized treatment strategies based on GDF-15 expression could improve treatment outcomes.

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a cytokine within the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, is involved in various malignancies, withimplications in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Elevated GDF-15 levels are correlated with unfavorable prognosis, tumor progression, and chemotherapy resistance, and the protein has been identified as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for OSCC. Personalized treatment strategies based on GDF-15 expression could improve treatment outcomes.