In this study, we measured the activity of the erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) from 154 workers exposed to lead and 43 workers not exposed. We analyzed the correlation of the P5N activity and NAG activity with other biological exposure indices of lead such as blood lead (PbB) and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP). The measurement was performed by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), spectrophotometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results are as follows: 1. The mean value of P5N activity for workers exposed to lead was 9.50+/-.13 micromol uridine/hr/g Hb and 11.60+/-.2 micromol uridine/hr/g Hb for workers not exported. The P5N activity showed a normal distribution, but the other indices of lead showed logarithmic normal distributions. 2. The P5N activity and ZPP were decreased as PbB wag increased. But the NAG activity had no correlation with changes of PbB. 3. The correlation coefficients of the P5N activity with other biological exposure indices of lead such as PbB, ZPP, NAG activity were -0.72, -0.55, and 0.05, respectively. We speculated that the P5N activity can be used as a reliable biological exposure index of lead but NAG activity can be used as a biological management index of lead.
5'-Nucleotidase* ; Absorption ; Acetylglucosaminidase* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Erythrocytes* ; Zinc

No abstract available.
Lymphoma*

BACKGROUND: The primary mode of conduction bldegrees Ckade by ldegrees Cal anesthetics degrees Ccurs through the inhibition of voltage-dependent sodium current and, inhibitory potency of ldegrees Cal anesthetics are correlated with their hydrophobicity, expressed as degrees Ctanol/buffer partition coefficients(PC). The homologous structural bidegrees Chemistry and analogous physiology of voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels prompted us to examine the relationship between potency of various ldegrees Cal anesthetics for the inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels(VDCC) and their PC values. METHODS: Whole cell patch clamp recordings were made from acutely dissdegrees Ciated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, and voltage dependent calcium current(ICa) was evoked by depolarizing pulse. The concentrations of various ldegrees Cal anesthetics(bupivacaine, liddegrees Caine, prildegrees Caine, prdegrees Caine, tetracaine) that bldegrees Ck 50% of the control ICa(IC50) were calculated from dose-response curves. The relationship between IC50 and PC values of various ldegrees Cal anesthetics were investigated. RESULTS: Ldegrees Cal anesthetics inhibited ICa with neglegible effect on the current- voltage relatonship. IC50 values of tetracaine, bupivacaine, liddegrees Caine, prildegrees Caine and prdegrees Caine were 98, 142, 2710, 10400, 16900 uM respectively, and linear regression of the plot of log(IC50) against log(PC) was statistically significant (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It is speculated that inhibitory effects of ldegrees Cal anesthetics on the VDCC when used in epidural and spinal anesthesia may contribute to their analgesic and anesthetic actions. Inhibitory potency of ldegrees Cal anesthetics on the VDCC, as for voltage-dependent sodium channels, was correlated with their hydrophobicity.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthetics* ; Animals ; Bupivacaine ; Calcium Channels ; Calcium* ; Chemistry ; Ganglia, Spinal ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions* ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Linear Models ; Neurons ; Physiology ; Rats ; Sodium ; Sodium Channels ; Tetracaine

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into lineages of mesenchymal tissues that are currently under investigation for a variety of therapeutic applications. The purpose of this study was to compare cytokine gene expression in MSCs from human placenta, cord blood (CB) and bone marrow (BM). The cytokine expression profiles of MSCs from BM, CB and placenta (amnion, decidua) were compared by proteome profiler array analysis. The cytokines that were expressed differently, in each type of MSC, were analyzed by real-time PCR. We evaluated 36 cytokines. Most types of MSCs had a common expression pattern including MIF (GIF, DER6), IL-8 (CXCL8), Serpin E1 (PAI-1), GROalpha(CXCL1), and IL-6. MCP-1, however, was expressed in both the MSCs from the BM and the amnion. sICAM-1 was expressed in both the amnion and decidua MSCs. SDF-1 was expressed only in the BM MSCs. Real-time PCR demonstrated the expression of the cytokines in each of the MSCs. The MSCs from bone marrow, placenta (amnion and decidua) and cord blood expressed the cytokines differently. These results suggest that cytokine induction and signal transduction are different in MSCs from different tissues.
Bone Marrow Cells/*cytology ; Cytokines/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*cytology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Placenta/*cytology ; Pregnancy ; Protein Array Analysis

PURPOSE: This study was conducted in order to demonstrate the radiologic and clinical results of using the Asian type gamma 3 nail in treatment of trochanteric fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients underwent operations with gamma 3 nails between August 2010 and August 2012. For the radiologic evaluation, we analyzed bone quality, fracture pattern, reduction quality, union period, and position of lag screw (tip-apex distance, Cleveland index). For the clinical evaluation, we analyzed mobility score of Palmer and Parker and Jensen's functional score. RESULTS: The mean union was taken at 17.4 weeks (14-25 weeks). Two cases (4.3%) underwent reoperation due to cutting out of the hip screws. The clinical outcomes of Parker and Palmer's average mobility score changed from 7.3 to 5.8 (79%), Jensen's functional score was 1.3 to 1.8 (72%). CONCLUSION: We achieved excellent clinical and radiological outcomes; therefore, Asian type gamma 3 nail is effective in treatment of trochanteric fractures of the femur in Korea.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Femur ; Hip ; Hip Fractures* ; Humans ; Korea ; Reoperation