This study was performed to investigate effect of dried powder or ethanol extracts of onion flesh and peel intakes on lipid metabolism, antioxidative and antithrombogenic capacities in 16-month -old rats. Total of 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats of 16-month-old and weighing 816 +/- 6 g were blocked into 5 groups according to body weight and raised for three months with control and experimental diets containing 5% (w/w) of dried powders of onion flesh or peel or ethanol extracts from equal amount of each dried powder. Contents of total flavonoids and total dietary fibers in peel powder were highest among onion preparations. Body weight gain and epididymal pad fat weight were lower in peel powder group than other groups. Plasma total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations of onion-containing groups were lower than control group. Above all, peel ethanol extract intake decreased them most remarkably. Plasma HDLcholesterol concentrations in onion-containing groups were higher than control group, especially that of flesh powder group was the highest among groups. Liver total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations were not significantly different among all experimental groups. However, liver total lipid and triglyceride concentrations were tended to be lower in onion-containing groups than control group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations in LDL + VLDL fraction was not significantly affected by onion intakes, However peel powder group showed the lowest concentration, Plasma TXB2 concentrations in onion flesh powder, peel powder and peel ethanol extract groups were lower than control group, while plasma 6-keto-PGF1alpha concentrations in these same groups were higher than control group. Clotting time was tended to be increased in peel ethanol extract group. In conclusion onion diets seemed to improve lipid metabolism and antithrombogenic capacity while effect on antioxidative was not significant.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Dietary Fiber ; Ethanol* ; Flavonoids ; Humans ; Infant* ; Lipid Metabolism* ; Liver ; Male ; Onions* ; Plasma ; Powders* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ; Triglycerides

This study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary iron levels on lipid metabolism, antioxidative and antithrombogenic capacities in 16-month-old rats. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male 16-month-old rats weighing 618 +/- 6 g were raised for 10 days with medium-iron diet (35 ppm in diet) and blocked into 4 groups according to their body weights. One of groups was sacrificed to obtain initial data and the rest 3 groups were raised for 3 months with experimental diets containing different levels of iron (5 ppm, 35 ppm, and 350 ppm). Total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations in plasma and liver, HDL-cholesterol concentration in plasma, fecal total lipid triglyceride and total cholesterol excretions, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in plasma LDL + VLDL (low density lipoprotein + very low density lipoprotein) fractions, blood-clotting time and eicosanoids levels in plasma were measured. The results are as follows: Plasma total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations, TBARS level in plasma LDL + VLDL fractions were increased and blood-clotting time tended to be shortened during 3 months of experimental period. Low (5 ppm) iron diet improved lipid metabolism via increasing HDL-cholesterol and fecal cholesterol excretion. High (350 ppm) iron diet decreased plasma total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations as compared to medium (35 ppm) iron diet and lowered body weight and epididymal fat pad weight. On the other hand, TBARS level in plasma LDL + VLDL fractions and blood-clotting time were increased with high iron diet. It is plausible that low iron diet improves lipid metabolism, antioxidative and antithrombogenic capacities in 16-month-old rats.
Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Eicosanoids ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant* ; Iron ; Iron, Dietary* ; Lipid Metabolism* ; Lipoproteins ; Liver ; Male ; Plasma ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ; Triglycerides

A 37-year-old woman was admitted to the department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital through emergency room complaining of weakness and numbness of both lower limbs of about 5 months' duration. Initially she complained of girdle pain in the right lower chest region which was persisted until admission. Seven months prior to admission, she felt progressive weakness of her both lower limbs and finally she was unable to walk since 5 months prior to admission when she felt a decreased pain sensation in her both legs. But her sphincter control was relatively intact until 3 months age, and thereafter she felt slight weakness of urinary streams. Neurologic examination on admission revealed sweating level at T6, decreased pain and temperature sensation below T6 on both sides(especially on the left side), absent touch and position sense, inability of flexion of right lower limb and markedly decreased flexion power in left lower limb with intact bilateral extension, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, strongly positive ankle clonus on both sides, and evident bilateral toe signs. Simple spine x-ray showed the erosion of pedicles of T5, 6 and 7 and myelogram demonstrated the total block at the lower border of T9. Laminectomy was done from T3 to T10 and when a midline dural incision was made, grayish red and highly vascularized soft tumor, which occupied the entire cord substance and was unable to separate from the normal cord, was protruded out and its biopsy was turned out to be a typical neurilemmoma. After operation, she was improved in the neurological deficits in some extents.
Adult ; Ankle ; Biopsy ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Laminectomy ; Leg ; Lower Extremity ; Neurilemmoma* ; Neurologic Examination ; Neurosurgery ; Proprioception ; Reflex, Stretch ; Rivers ; Sensation ; Seoul ; Spine ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Thorax ; Toes

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate our institutional experience with veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with severe acute respiratory failure (ARF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2007 to August 2013, 31 patients with severe ARF that was due to various causes and refractory to mechanical ventilation with conventional therapy were supported with VV ECMO. A partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2)/inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO2) <100 mm Hg at an FiO2 of 1.0 or a pH <7.25 due to CO2 retention were set as criteria for VV ECMO. RESULTS: Overall, 68% of patients survived among those who had received VV ECMO with a mean PaO2/FiO2 of 56.8 mm Hg. Furthermore, in trauma patients, early use of ECMO had the best outcome with a 94% survival rate. CONCLUSION: VV ECMO is an excellent, life-saving treatment option in patients suffering from acute and life-threatening respiratory failure due to various causes, especially trauma, and early use of VV ECMO therapy improved outcomes in these patients.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Cause of Death ; *Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Insufficiency/complications/*therapy ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome