The authors report the experience of twenty patients of transpedicular Zielke instrumentation after anatomical reduction of the spondylolisthesis. Anstomical reduction was done with the aid of temporary application of Harrington distraction rod, and the reduced segment was fixed with transpedicular Zielke instrumentation. And, anterior interbody fusion was supplemented in a single stage operation. Follow up period was between 13 to 25 months after operation with the average of 19 months. 1. The age of the patients was 38 years in average ranging from 11 to 61 years. 2. Types of the spondylolisthesis were spondylolytic type in 11 cases, degenerative type in 6 cases, dysplastic type in 1 case and pathologic type in 2 cases. 3. The level of the lesion were L5-Sl in 12 cases, L4-5 in 7 cases and L3-4 in 1 case. 4. Pre-operative clinical feature included low back pain in 95%, radiating pain in 65%, and neurological claudication in 45%. 5. The average percentage of slippage was changed from 24% preoperatively to 6% postoperatively and to 8% at the final follow up. The initial correction rate was 75% and the amount of correction loss during the follow up period was 11% in average. 6. Slip angle was changed from 3°preoperatively to −3°poetoperatively and to 0°at the end of follow up. In the 12 cases with local kyphosis, average slip angle of 14°preoperatively was improved to 2°postoperatively, and to 7°at the end of follow up. 7. Bony fusion was obtained in 19 cases within 4 to 6 months. 8. There were 2 cases of metal failure with considerable loss of reduction ; one patient with pathologic spondylolisthesie due to active tuberculous spondylitis required re-operation and another patient showed fusion eventually in the redisplaced position. Other complication included 1 transient dysuria, 1 ileus and 2 meralgia paresthetics. 9. Clinical symptoms were improved in 95%. Follow up result of the operation according to Gill's criteria were excellent 65%, good 25%, fair 5%, and poor 5%.
Dysuria ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ileus ; Kyphosis ; Low Back Pain ; Spondylitis ; Spondylolisthesis

No abstract available.
Rhinoplasty*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cholesteatoma* ; Fistula* ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis*

Although anterior fusion has several advantages in the management of fracture-dislocations of cervical spine than posterior methods, it has not been used in common. Because, it does not give sufficient stability to prevent the dislodgment of the graft and angular deformity and it requires prolonged rigid external immobilization. In order to promote the stability and to reduce the external support, authors have fixed with plate and screws in anterior spine fusion for various type of fracture-dislocations of cervical spine, and report the results of 29 consecutive cases. Minimum follow-up period was 6 months (Av. 12mos.). Two level fixation after anterior decompression by corpectomy was done in 7 cases. Ambulation was started from the day after operation with aid of orthosis, regardless of the neurological status. Bone union was observed in all, but one expired case, within 2–3 months. There was no failure in fixation and no worsening in neurology. Improvement of neurological status were observed in 17 patient during and follow up periods of treatment, among 23 patient with neurological symptoms on arrival. The observed complications of hoarseness(2 csses), dysphagia(2 cases) and Horner's syndrome(1 case) were improved later, but the patient with pneumonia was expired one month after operation. It is concluded that the procedure is a safe and better alternative for the fracture-dislocations including flexion injury between C2-T1, because it provides good stability, rapid union, short external support and possibility of neural decomprssion.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Decompression ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Neurology ; Orthotic Devices ; Pneumonia ; Spine ; Transplants ; Walking

Although several kinds of instrumentation systems are available for the transpedicular screw fixation in the treatment of spondylolisthesis, the clinical results and the difference between them remdins unclear. In order to study the feasibility of Zielke instrumentation system for that purpose, the author analysed the clinical results of 73 patients with mild or moderate degree of spondylolisthesis who were instrumented with the systems and followed up 25 months in average(Min. 12Ms). The results between the groups with different rod thickness in the system, 3.2mm(20 patients), 4mm(33 patients) and 5mm(20 patients), were compared to study the most appropriate thickness. Reduction of the deformity were done by aid of temporarilly applied Harrington system in 3.2mm group. Inlayed reduction potential coming from the jointing mechanism was utilized in the cases with less than 30% of slippage in 4 and 5mm group. Percentage of slippage was changed from 20% preoperatively, to 4% postoperatively and 6% at the end of follow up. The methods of fusion after reduction and fixation were anterior in 25 and posterolateral in 48. Bony fusion was achieved in all but one with pathological spondylolisthesis. Rod failures were observed in two of 3.2mm and one of 4mm group, and loosening of the joint were developed in three of 5mm group. Clinically, 93% of the patient showed excellent and good results at the end of follow up. From the results, we concluded that the instrumentation is a efficient method of treatment with several advantages in the reduction capacity and the stability of fixation. However, this system has several points in its mechanics that needs to be improved.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Mechanics ; Methods ; Spondylolisthesis

In this study, the feasibility of identification and genotypic differentiation of enteroviruses was investigated by using nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR), single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. Two hundred seventy-four clinical samples were assayed by both nested RT-PCR and tube culture method using MRC-5 and MK cells; 58 (86.6%) out of 67 enterovirus culture-positive samples contained enteroviral RNA. In addition, 114 (55.1%) of 207 samples from patients with suspected enteroviral CNS disease with negative viral cultures were positive by the nested RT-PCR. The nested RT-PCR products were genotyped by the SSCP method and the results were compared with serotypes. We could differentiate 6 subtypes, 3 of which are similar to coxsackievirus B3, B5, echovirus 11, plus 3 other subtypes. RFLP cleaved with Sty I, Bgl I, and Xmn I yielded characteristic patterns for each laboratory strains. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the RT-PCR for the rapid diagnosis of enterovirus infection and the potentials of the SSCP method for differentiation of enterovirus strains.
Central Nervous System Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Enterovirus Infections ; Enterovirus* ; Genotype* ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; RNA

No abstract available in English.
Acromioclavicular Joint ; Dislocations ; Methods

OBJECTIVE: The involvement of IGF system in hyperandrogenism and abnormal follicular development is controversial. This study is to assess whether IGF system contribute to it in the women with polycystic ovary(PCO). METHODS: Baseline serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), androstenedione (ADD), prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-I, free IGF-II, insulin-like growth factor binding protein(IGFBP)-1, and IGFBP-3 were measured in twelve healthy regularly cycling volunteers and forty-two women with PCO then, the changes of baseline serum levels were evaluated after laparoscopic ovarian electrocauterization in nine PCO patients. In addition, the expression pattern of IGF-I and IGF-II was examined in the ovary of control and PCO group. RESULTS: Baseline levels of LH, ADD, free IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 were significantly higher in PCO group. However, there were no significant differences in the levels of free IGF-I and IGFBP-1, although free IGF-I showed decreasing tendency in PCO group. And there was a significant positive correlation between the LH and free IGF-II level in the PCO(P=0.011, r2=0.3899), but not in the control. After ovarian electrocauterization, LH, T, and ADD levels decreased, and free IGF-I and IGFBP-3 level increased. While free IGF-II and IGFBP-1 level showed no significant changes. In the ovary, expression of both IGFs showed similar pattern in normal and PCO ovaries. CONCLUSIONS: The elevated IGFBP-3 level may alter the bioavailability of IGF(s) in the PCO. The change in IGF-I level and resumption of ovulation after electrocauterization, suggest a possible role of IGF system in the impairment of follicular development in the PCO.
Androstenedione ; Biological Availability ; Carrier Proteins* ; Estradiol ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Humans ; Hyperandrogenism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; Luteinizing Hormone ; Ovary* ; Ovulation ; Prolactin ; Somatomedins* ; Testosterone ; Thyrotropin ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cardioplegic Solutions* ; Oxygen* ; Rats*