This study was started for the purpose of providing the basic data for continous managment of kidney transplantation patients after discharge. This study was conducted on 180 patients who received renal transplants at three hospital ( B, M. P) pusan, korea.. The data collection was done for june 1. to August 31. 2002. General characteristics, renal transplantaton characteristics. physical characteristics, the level of compliance and the degree of educational demand were done by the number and percentage. the mean. standard deviation. The level of compliance and educational demand followed by the characteristics of general and kidney transplantation were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. The result were as fallows: 1. Man was higher than woman such as 60.0%, Mean age was 42.5 years old. Average total duration of after operation was 5.5 years. 2. Cases of systolic blood pressure over 140mmHg were 10.0%, cases of diastolic blood pressure over 90mmHg were 22.8% and obesity factor in BMI was 15.6%. The person who daily water intake amount is 5000cc was 0,6%, the case that daily urine output is below 1000cc was 8.9%. and the case that urine output is zero was 0,6%. 3. The mean score of compliance was 77.47 point. The score in medication part was highest such as 4.67 point, that in stress situation was lowest such as 3,50 point. 4. The average score of educational demand was 154.02 point. and physical state part was 4.36 points highest. activation part was 3.48 points lowest. As a role of nurse Confirmation of compliance is very important encourage to make good through regular hospital visitation. point out the noncompliance part and then increase compliance of renal transplantation patient As well there will be maintain the normal kidney function to satisfy educational demand through continous education.
Blood Pressure ; Busan ; Compliance* ; Data Collection ; Drinking ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Korea ; Obesity

No abstract available in English.
Ankle ; Foot

The knee joint is the largest weight bearing joint. Knee joint fractures involve the articular surface and damage the surrounding soft tissues, and permanent deformities, especially joint stiffness, instability of the knee joint, post-traumatic arthritis, etc, may ensue following treatment. Many authors have recommended various methods of treatment for these fractures, This study is to present 77 cases of knee joint fractures which were treated at Severance Hospital from January 1965 to December 1974. The results of clinical study were as follows: 1. The causes of injury were traffic accident(75.3%), falling(15.6%) and direct blow(9.1%). 2. There were 63 males and 14 females in the series, 3. Age span was generally 10~40 Years. 4. Among the 77 cases, 42 were femoral condylar fractures, 28 were tibial condylar fractures, and 7 were tibial spine fractures. 5. In femoral condylar fractures, 27 cases were treated by conservative method and 13 cases underwent open reduction, and the clinical end results were satisfactory in 79.2% by conservative method and 54.5% by operative treatment. 6. In tibial condylar fractures, 14 cases were treated by conservative method and 12 cases by operation. Satisfactory results were obtained in 66.7% by conservative treatment and in 72.7% by operation.
Arthritis ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Male ; Methods ; Spine ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Fetal Death* ; Gastroschisis*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Female ; Ovary* ; Teratoma*

Atlanto-axial dislocation with the fracture of the odontoid process has been considered as an uncommon lesion and a high incidence of nonunion of fractures of the odontoid process or high incidence of neurological involvement or death has been reported. With the advent of radiology, this fracture has been diagnosed early with increasing frequency. This paper is presented because very excellent result of union of the odontoid process treated with wiring and posterior atlanto-axial fusion by means of Brooks technic was obtained in our case.
Dislocations ; Incidence ; Odontoid Process

In recent years the rate of the spine frecture tends to be on the increase year by year as the rate of traffic and industrial accidents are increased. Realignment of the displaced vertebral column should be achieved for two reasons. It provedes better neural decompression than a laminectomy in most instances and permits stabilization of the axial skeleton in a position of function. One hundred and nine thoraco-lumbar spine fractures and fracture-dislocations out of 102 patients were evaluated from January, 1972 to December, 1977 in our study. 1. Out of the 102 patients, there were 89 male and 13 female cases. The ratio between male and female was 6.8: 1. The majority(77.1%) of the spine fractures was found in the age group of 20 to 50 years. 54.2% of the cases was caused by industrial accident. 2. The most Common site of the lesion occured between T 12 and L 2 vertebrae (82.6%) and the simple anterior wedge fracture (69.7%) was most common. 3. Thirty one cases of the total were complicated by paraplegia, of which 77.4% was caused by rotational fracture-dislocation and most common site of the lesion was between T 12 and L 2 vertebrae (93.8%). 4. Prognosis for neurological recovery in initially complete lesions was poor, regardless of treatment. About 10% of initially complete lesions showed partial neural recovery compared to 62.5% of initially incomplete lesions. 5. All 6 patients on bladder training with intermittent catheterization became catheter free within 3 months.
Accidents, Occupational ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Clinical Study ; Decompression ; Female ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Paraplegia ; Prognosis ; Skeleton ; Spine ; Urinary Bladder

The present study was intended to examine the effect of sodium vanadate on contractility of vascular smooth muscle. Aortic ring preparations were made from the rabbit thoracic aorta and endothelial cells were removed from the ring. The contractility of the aortic ring was measured under various conditions. The results were summarized as follows; 1) Sodium vanadate induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle in a dose-dependent fashion. 2) The contractile effects were not blocked by treatments with adrenergic blocking agent(phentolamine) and indomethacin, indicating the direct action of the drug on vascular smooth muscle. 3) In the presence of ouabain, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, sodium vanadate still increased the contractility of vascular smooth muscle. 4) Treatment with 4.4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2.2'-disulfonic acid(DIDS) blocked completely the contractile effects of sodium vanadate. 5) In the presence of verapamil, lanthanum and ryanodine, the contractility of the vascular smooth muscle by sodium vanadate was decreased. From the above results. it was suggested that sodium vanadate acts directly on vascular smooth muscle and causes contraction. It was probably due to inhibition of Ca(++)-ATPase in plasma membrane as well as increasing the release of Ca(++) from sarcoplasmic reticulum and Ca(++) influx across the plasma membrane, but not inhibition of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Cell Membrane ; Endothelial Cells ; Indomethacin ; Lanthanum ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular* ; Ouabain ; Ryanodine ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ; Sodium* ; Vanadates* ; Verapamil

Caffeine has been known to induce the contraction of rabbit aortic ring resulting from Ca2+ release from the intracellular stores. But in contrast, contraction of aortic ring induced by depolarizing agents or agonist was reported to be suppressed by caffeine. The present study was intended to examine the effect of caffeine on Ca2+ movement across the plasma membrane and actomyosin ATPase activity of vascular smooth muscle to elucidate the modes of action of caffeine on the vascular smooth muscle. Aortic ring preparation were made from the rabbit thoracic aorta and the endothelial cells were removed from the ring by gentle rubbing. The contractilty of the aortic ring was measured under varying conditions, and Ca2+ influx across the membranes of the aortic ring was measured with Ca2+ sensitive electrode with and without caffeine and the effect of caffeine on actomyosin ATPase activity were measured by modified Hartshrone's method. 45Ca wash out curves with and without caffeine were studied by Richard's method. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Caffeine inhibited the contractilty induced by norepinephrine. high K+, and histamine. but caffeine alone induced a transient contraction of vascular smooth muscle. The caffeine induced contraction was demonstrable even in the absence of external Ca2+. 2) Caffeine increased 45Ca efflux from vascular smooth muscle. 3) In the presence of propranolol, the inhibitory effect of caffeine on epinephrine induced contraction still persisted. 4) Caffeine decreased norepinephrine induced Ca2+ influx through the plasma membranes of aortic ring. 5) Caffeine decreased the actomyosin ATPase activity of vascular smooth muscle. From the above results, it is suggested that caffeine induces the contraction of vascular smooth muscle by release of Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ stone, but inhibits drug-induced contraction by decrease of Ca2+ influx across the plasma membranes and a decreased Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile protein in vascular smooth muscle.
Actomyosin* ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Caffeine* ; Cell Membrane ; Electrodes ; Endothelial Cells ; Epinephrine ; Histamine ; Membranes ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular* ; Myosins* ; Norepinephrine ; Propranolol

Surgical intervention during the pregnancy is not rare and the impact of anesthesia and surgery during the pregnancy is doublefold, because the mother and the fetus in uterus are concerned. The anesthesiologist must know the progressive' maternal changes during the pregnancy and drug action on the fetus. The authors have experienced 50 cases of pregnant women undergoing various kinds of operation and have analyzed those cases according to the type of disease, the duration of gestation, physical status, premedication, anesthetic technics and agent used, and the outcome of the fetus and the patient during the period between March 1972 to August 1978 The results were as follows: 1) The most of patient, 32 cases were operated for the obstetric and gynecological :reason s. 2) 27 cases (54%) had undergone the operation during the second trimester. 3) Physical status class 2 including 28 cases (56%) was the most commonly found physical status of the patients. 4) Halothane was the main anesthetic agent for 39 cases (78%) and there were 3 cases of spinal anesthesia. 5) We could follow 27 cases among 50 cases about the outcome of the fetus. 17 spontaneous vaginal delivery, 8 Cesarean sections, 1 fetal death in uterus and 1 wanted D&C. 6) Among 5 premature deliveries, 2 premature infants died during the hospitalization. 7) The only maternal motality was the case of intrahepatic stone who expired 11 days postoperatively and delivered a 1,300 gm premature 7 days postoperatively.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Cesarean Section ; Dilatation and Curettage ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Fetus ; Halothane ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnant Women ; Premedication ; Uterus