Juvenile xanthogranuloma(JXG) is a a benign histiocytic proliferative disorder most frequently seen in infants. The usual course is self-limited, but it may be a manifestation of juvenile chronic myeloid leukemia(JCML). In addition to JXG, some patient with JCML may have multiple cafe-au-lait spots and a family history of neurofibromatosis(NF). The association of JXG and cafe-au-lait spots in patients with JCML is of interest in light of description of otherwise healthy children with JXG who also had cafe-au-lait spots. We report herein a case of JXG in 18-month-old boy who also had multiple cafe-au-alit spots, which predated the JCML.
Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Male ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a serious postoperative complication. Prompt diagnosis of PTE is important but it is difficult because clinical manifestations of PTE are not obvious in most cases. A 59 year-old woman received cholecystectomy and choledocholithotomy under general anesthesia. At the 9th postoperative day, syncope, hypoxemia and hypotension were developed suddenly and the patient was transfered to intensive care unit. PTE was suspected with hemodynamic monitoring from pulmonary arterial catheter and echocardiography and diagnosed with lung perfusion scan and venogram of lower extremities. Proper cardiopulmonary support was done and the patient was recovered and discharged in improved condition. In conclusion, if a patient have syncopal attack with shock in postoperative period, PTE must be thought to be an one of possible causes of syncope and thoroughly investigated.
Anesthesia, General ; Anoxia ; Catheters ; Cholecystectomy ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Intensive Care Units ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Perfusion ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Shock ; Syncope

BACKGROUND: Some research viewed that effective dietary therapy was enough to control proper blood glucose level, but in the most patient, dietary therapy was not practiced and the most difficult part of managing their diabetes. The purpose of this research study was to investigate dietary practice adherence and perceived barriers among the elderly diabetes. METHODS: The survey was mailed to 852 persons with diabetes member via diabetic educator of 156 hospitals or clinics and 24 health centers. Questionnaire had background information of patients, meal regularity, food intake as a dietary practice adherence, barriers of 36 items which have 3 areas such as motive/attitude, knowledge, authority/resource. We asked the person with diabetes to rate barrier to dietary practice adherence. 432 questionnaire were returned the response. we selected 69 persons who were over 65 year old. RESULTS: 1) meal regularity was more satisfactory than food intake. 2) deficit of meal regularity were evening snack and resonable spacing between evening meal and evening snack. 3) deficit of food intake was serving of milk. 4) main barrier to dietary practice adherence was that of knowledge. CONCLUSION: For practice effectively dietary therapy to elderly diabetes, individual consultation or small group education must be pursued and more easily educational skills should be required.
Aged* ; Blood Glucose ; Eating ; Education ; Humans ; Meals ; Milk ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Snacks

Pemphigua foliaceus is a rare, relatively mild and chronic variety of pemphigus which is characterized by superficial flaccid bullae which show acantholytic changes in the upper part of the epidermis histopathologically. We report herein five cases of pemphigus foliaceus. The patients had erythematous and crusted patches chiefly on face, chest and back areas, except for case 2 who had flaccid bullae on the upper extrimities. The diagnosis of all these patients were confirmed by immunofluorescence studies. Among these five patients, one was recognized as a rifampicin induced pemphigus foliaceus, and the other one revealed concurrent lesions of psoriasis.
Diagnosis ; Epidermis ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Pemphigus* ; Psoriasis ; Rifampin ; Thorax

The relationship between copper content in scalp hair and mental retardation was investigated. Samples of scalp hair were collected from 297 mentally retarded children who were students in one of two schools providing special educational services, one, consisted of children living in an orphan home, the other, children living with parents. For comparison, 117 scalp hair samples were collected from the children who had got average or above average academic achievement in a regular elementary school. Hair samples were taken from the nape of the neck and the copper content was determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (IL 551). There was no statistically significant difference in scalp copper levels across different age groups except female orphan group, but no trend or correlation between copper contents and age was found. The hair copper contents of the group accompanied by Down's syndrome and unknown group were significantly lower than that of control group in both sex, and in the case of accompanied by epilepsy or autism, lower than control group in male. Although the results of this study show no evidence that mental retardation has owed to copper deficiency, the possibility of copper deficiency in their fetal or infant age could not be ruled out. Thus further study is needed to determine whether mental retardation could be attributed to copper deficiency. through the examinations about their living environments, dietary pattern, eating habit and the impact of copper deficiency on brain development.
Absorption ; Autistic Disorder ; Brain ; Child* ; Child, Orphaned ; Copper* ; Down Syndrome ; Eating ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Hair* ; Humans ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Male ; Mentally Disabled Persons* ; Neck ; Parents ; Scalp

As flow cytometric analysis using paraffin-embedded tissue was developed by Hedley et al in 1983, retrospective study with large amount of archival material was possible. Many literatures reported that the result of paraffin embedded tissue was compatible with that of fresh tissue. We compared the DNA histograms of 26 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma in which the analysis was done in both fresh and paraffin-embedded tissues. Aneuploidy in fresh and paraffin-embed-ded tissues was 73.0% and 50.0%, respectively. The concordance rate of fresh and paraffin-em-bedded tissues was 76.8% and six interpreters were agreed in 73.0% of the cases. Because flow cytometric DNA analysis using fresh tissues can detect more aneuploid population than in paraffin-embedded tissue, the former is strongly recommeded in DNA ploidy study. Also careful observation using standard criteria may improve the interpretation of DNA histogram.
Adenocarcinoma

PURPOSE: Intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG) is an established and effective therapy for the superficial bladder carcinoma. The viability of BCG is crucial for the induction of a local immune response as well as effective therapy of recurrent superfical bladder carcinoma. Lubricants are used to facilitate catheterization during intravesical instillation of BCG. Moreover bacteriostatic components contained in them have potential to reduce the viability of the BCG. To verify this assumption, inhibitory effect of four commercially available lubricants on the BCG growth was analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Four different lubricants and their components were co-incubated with Connaught strain BCG and the resultant growth of BCG was assessed. RESULTS: Significant impairment of BCG viability with lubricants was noted. Chlorhexidine digluconate which is the component of lubricant was considered as responsible for this inhibition. CONCLUSIONS: During intravesical BCG, lubricants might reduce the number of viable BCG in clinical use. For this reason, during intravesical immunotherapy with BCG small amounts of lubricants should be used for urethral catheterization and use of lubricant which does not contain bacteriostatic agent should be considered.
Administration, Intravesical ; Bacillus* ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Chlorhexidine ; Immunotherapy ; Lubricants ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Thiram ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters

A 41 year-old male underwent resection of a pheochromocytoma under general anesthesia. The patient was treated with phenoxybenzamine for 14 days preoperatively and premedicated with triflupromazine, diazepam, pethidine and hydroxyzine in combination. Following induction of anesthesia with intravenous morphine, thiopental sodium and alcuronium, endotracheal intubation was performed. As soon as intubation, tachycardia(143/min) and hypertension(170/100 mmHg) developed, but were controlled by intravenous injection of propranolol. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and enflurane, and alcuronium. Blood pressure during manupulation of tumor mass was 160/100 mmHg without arrhythmia but gradually was controlled to the range of 120-130/80-85 mmHg after intravenous infuaion of nitroglycerine at the rate of 0.5-2 ug/kg/min. After removal of the tumor mass, the blood pressure dropped to 100/70 mmHg. Blood pressure was controlled by I.V. low molecular weight dextran, and Hartmanns solution, but a vasoconstrictive agent was not needed. There was no marked tachycardia or arrhythmia during anesthesia. The importance of preoperative preparation, premedication, selection of anesthetics and nitroglycerne for controling the episodic hemodynamic pressure response is discussed.
Adult ; Alcuronium ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Dextrans ; Diazepam ; Enflurane ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hydroxyzine ; Injections, Intravenous ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Meperidine ; Molecular Weight ; Morphine ; Nitroglycerin* ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Phenoxybenzamine ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Premedication ; Propranolol ; Tachycardia ; Thiopental ; Triflupromazine

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the effects of a depression intervention and suicide prevention program in adolescents with high risk of suicide. METHODS: This research was designed as a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest study. The participants were adolescents with high risk of suicide in mental health screening examination. A total of 40 adolescents (experimental group=21, control group=19) were sampled from C-gun, Chungbuk Province. The experimental group participated in the depression intervention and suicide prevention program for eight sessions while the control group did not participate in the program. Data were collected with a self-reporting structured questionnaire from November to December, 2008. SPSS/Win 12.0 was used for data analyses including chi-square test, t-test, and paired t-test. RESULTS: After this program, there was no statistically significant difference in depression (t=1.498, p=.142) between the two groups, but depression decreased in the experimental group. There was a statistically significant difference in suicide ideation (t=2.058, p=.047). CONCLUSION: To decrease depression and suicide ideation in adolescents with high risk of suicide, it is necessary to offer this program in a more intensive course and for a longer period. Also, family consultation programs and individual case treatment and consultation programs should be offered.
Adolescent* ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Depression* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Mental Health ; Statistics as Topic ; Suicide* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To evaluate the characteristics of the bronchiectasis in diffuse panbronchiolitis using HRCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 12 HRCT scans and two bronchography of 12 patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis(DPB). According to Akira et al., DPB was classified into four types: small nodules around the end of bronchovascular branchings(CT type I), small nodules in the centrilobular area connected with small branching linear opacities(CT type II), nodules accompanied by ring-shaped or small ductal opacities connected to proximal bronchovascular bundles(CT type III), large cystic opacities accompanied by dilated proximal bronchi(CT type IV). We compared the type and the extent of bronchiectasis, CTtypes of DPB, and pulmonary function test. RESULTS: Bronchiectasis was defined in 12 cases with the tubular type predominantly involving small and medium-sized bronchi. These bronchiectasis involved the proximal bronchi of the centrilobular lesions of DPB. Among eight cases of advanced DPB(CT type III & IV) which extended to both upper lobes, seven showed tubular bronchiectasis at the same area. Cystic bronchiectasis was shown in eight cases predominantly involving right middle lobe(n=7). There was no linear correlation between the values of pulmonary function test and CTtypes of DPB. CONCLUSION: Characteristic feature of the bronchiectasis in DPB is the tubular ectasis predominantly involving the small and medium-sized bronchi. DPB with associated tubular bronchiectasis can involve whole lung field in advanced cases. HRCT is useful not only to depict the findings of DPB but also to demonstrate the extent of lesion.
Bronchi ; Bronchiectasis* ; Bronchography ; Humans ; Lung ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Retrospective Studies