This study was planned to determine the subjective and objective refraction under Mydrin P (Sansei Do Pham. Co.) among 758 Korean high school girls in Seoul area age of 12 to 18 years. Brightness (illumination) of 6 class rooms out of 30 in junior high school and 11 class rooms out of 24 in senior high school was measured with a sight meter (Western model 703-60, type 7, Western Co.) and a sun light illumination meter (Western model 756, Weston Co.). 1. Among 758 high school girls, error was 80.34% and emmetropia 19.66%. 2. As to the distribution of refractive erros, 30.02% was hyperopic refractive error and 69.98% was myopic refractive error. 3. The incidence of each refractive errors was the following order: hyperopia 15.44%, myop4 37.40%, compound myopic astigmatism 15.04%, compound hyperopic astigmatism 5.54%, simple myopic astigmatism 3.23%, simple hyperopic astigmatism 2.9%, mixed astigmations 0.73%. 5. The incidence of refractive errors in relation to age reveals the myopic refractive error increases from 37.35% at the age of 12 years reaching to 97.06% at the age of 18 years, while the hyperopic refractive error decreases from 62.65% at the age of 12 years decreasing to 2.94% at the age of 18 years. 6. Emmetropia was most frequent at the age of 16 years and there after tends to decrease. 7. Hyperopic refractive error under 1.00D was 23.99% and myopic refractive error under 1.00D was 26.62%. 8. As to the type of astigmatism, "with the rule" was 52.88%, "against rule" 40.14%, "oblique" 4.33% and mixed astigmatism 2.64% only. 9. The brightness of classrooms reveals averaing 75.5 F.C. in senior high school and 30.2 F.C. in senior high school. The day light factor measured at the same time was average 6.2% in junior high school and 1.8% in senior high school. The balance of illumination measured at the sametime was average 69.8% in junior high school and 52.6% in senior high school.
Astigmatism ; Emmetropia ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Incidence ; Lighting ; Refractive Errors ; Seoul ; Solar System

No abstract available.
Catheters* ; Humans

Acute mobile thrombus of the abdominal aorta after chemotherapy is a very unusual finding, which can be a potential source of arterial embolism. We report here on a case of an acute mobile aortic thrombus with renal infarction. We successfully treated the patient with hybrid operation-open surgical and endovascular approach. Our case shows that hybrid treatment using wire-directed balloon catheter thrombectomy is a feasible, minimally-invasive treatment for a mobile aortic thrombus.
Angioplasty ; Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Catheters ; Chimera ; Embolism ; Humans ; Infarction ; Thrombectomy ; Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma*

A case of diffuse malignant mesothelioma of peritoneum which was difficult to distinguish from metastatic anaplastic carcinoma or malignant melanoma was presented. The patient was a 50 year-old woman and complained of an abdominal pain and ascites for 20 days. Histologically, the tumor cells showed highly anaplastic appearance with sheet-like arrangement without any papillary or tubular structure. They stained Positive for cytokeratin and vimentin and negative for CEA, S-100 protein and melanoma associated antigen. A few cells within the tumor showed Positive reactivity to desmin. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells had characteristic findings of mesothelioma such as long, exuberant, wavy microvilli with 10 to 12 of length/diameter ratio. The patient died 3 months after the diagnosis in spite of intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Eight patients in the state of ASA classification l, ll were investigate. Blood samples were collected before, just after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after induction of anesthesia. Glucose and electrolyte changes in relation to maintenance fluids in balanced and halothane anesthesia were as follows. 1) In both anesthetic techniques blood sugar level showed increasing tendency according to duration of anesthesia. 2) There were no specific changes in serum electrolytes related to type of anesthesia. 3) The administration of D/S and H/D showed a little increase in Na+ and Cl- level compared to the administration of just DsW. 4) The administration of H/d showed less increase in K+ level than the administration of DsW or D/S. 5) Just after induction of anesthesia the K+ level increased a little and decreased gradually thereafter.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Glucose* ; Classification ; Electrolytes* ; Glucose ; Halothane ; Humans

PURPOSE: The pattern of radioprotection by the combined use of low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta was investigated in mice exposed to an acute whole-body radiation dose of 10 Gy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male ICR mice were divided into the control group, the irradiation-only group, the high dose amifostine (400 mg/kg i.p. 30 min before irradiation) group, and the low dose amifostine (200 mg/kg i.p. 30 min before irradiation) plus IL-1beta (5 microgram/kg i.p. 20 h before irradiation) group. The radioprotective effects were evaluated using TUNEL assay and microcolony survival assay at jejunal crypt, bone marrow cell count and CBC in peripheral blood, and survival analysis up to 30 days following irradiation. RESULTS: The apoptotic index (p=0.987), surviving crypt number (p=0.484), and the number of WBCs (p=0.226), RBCs (p=0.544), and platelets (p=0.157) were not significantly different between the high dose amifostine group and the low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta group, although the bone marrow cell count was higher in the combination group. The irradiation-only group was dead within 15 days. However, the survival rate at 30 days in the high dose amifostine and the low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta pretreatments were 61% and 66%, respectively. Moreover, the differences between the two groups were insignificant for both 10 days (p=0.9461) and 30 days (p=0.8030). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta may be applied as a non-toxic radioprotector, while the high dose amifostine, known as the strongest radioprotector, however, had toxic side effects.
Amifostine* ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Interleukin-1* ; Interleukin-1beta* ; Interleukins* ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Radiation Protection ; Survival Analysis ; Whole-Body Irradiation

PURPOSE: The fibrates are ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and used clinically as hypolipidemic drugs. The fibrates are known to cause peroxisome proliferation, enhance superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression and catalase activity. The antioxidant actions of the fibrates may modify radiation sensitivity. Here, we investigated the change of the radiation sensitivity in two cervix cancer cell lines in combination with fenofibrate (FF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Activity and protein expression of SOD were measured according to the concentration of FF. The mRNA expressions were measured by using real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Combined cytotoxic effect of FF and radiation was measured by using clonogenic assay. RESULTS: In HeLa cells total SOD activity was increased with increasing FF doses up to 30 microM. In the other hand, the catalase activity was increased a little. As with activity the protein expression of SOD1 and SOD2 was increased with increasing doses of FF. The mRNAs of SOD1, SOD2, PPARalpha and PPARgamma were increased with increasing doses of FF. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by radiation was decreased by preincubation with FF. The surviving fractions (SF) by combining FF and radiation was higher than those of radiation alone. In Me180 cells SOD and catalase activity were not increased with FF. Also, the mRNAs of SOD1, SOD2, and PPARalpha were not increased with FF. However, the mRNA of PPARgamma was increased with FF. CONCLUSION: FF can reduce radiation sensitivity by ROS scavenging via SOD induction in HeLa. SOD induction by FF is related with PPARalpha.
Catalase ; Cell Line ; Fenofibrate ; Fibric Acids ; Hand ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; Ligands ; Peroxisomes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; PPAR alpha ; PPAR gamma ; Radiation Tolerance ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; RNA, Messenger ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Superoxides ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

No Abstract available.
Academic Medical Centers* ; Infection Control*

No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Cadmium* ; Plasma* ; Renin*