This study was designed to assess the antihypertensive efficacy and overall tolerance of doxazosin in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Doxazosin was administered in once-daily dose from 1 to 3mg to 97 patients both in a general hospital and a local clinic in rural area. These patients are composed of three groups. One group has 49 Patients treated with doxazosin monotherapy, another group with 31 patients treated with doxazosin as well as other antihypertensive drugs combined and a third group is composed of 17 patients with renal insufficiency n addition to hypertension. The patients in the third group with renal insufficiency had 2.5mg/dl-5.0mg/dl in serum creatinine. Results are as follows : 1) The study sample is composed of 37 males (38.1%) and 60 females (61.9%) with mean age 51.4 years. Among three subasmples no statistically significant difference is observed in age, sex, mean body weight and heigh at 0.05 error level. 2) A total of 47 patients (48.5%) of the 97 patients have completed twelve-week doxazosin antihypertensive treatment. At a mean dose of 4.4+/-0.4mg at twelfth week, 37 patients (78.7%) responded to doxazosin therapy. Twenty-nine(61.7% patients achieved "excellent" blood pressure control(mean sitting DBP of < or =90mmHg), and 8 patients (17.0%) showed "good respone" (10mmHg or more DBP reduction from baseline). Whereas remaining 10 patients (21.3%) showed only "fair response" (5-9mmHg DBP reduction) or "failed"(0-4mmHg DBP reduction). In doxazosin monotherapy group thirteen(68.4%) of nineteen patients showed "excellent" or "good response" at a mean dose of 4.8mg/day. Combination therapy group with eighteen patients showed 100% therapeutic success. This group had fourteen(77.8%) "excellent" and four(22.2%) "good respinse" at a mean daily dose of doxazosin 3.9mg. Renal insufficiency group with ten patients showed six(60.0%) "excellent" and four (40.0%) "failure"cases at a mean daily dose of 4.6mg. 3) The mean baseline sitting blood pressures of doxazosin monotherapy group were 175/109 whose blood pressure at twelfth week were 150/94 at a mean daily dose of 4.8mg. The baseline blood pressure of combined therapy group 180/111 were reduced to 145/91 at twelfth week at a mean daily dose of 3.9mg. Those of renal insufficiency group were 177/112 and 156/98 respectively at a mean doxazosin daily dose of 4.6mg. 4) Of the 97 study cases, adverse effect were reported in 19.6%. The most prevalent adverse effects were dizziness(11.3%), blurred vision(9.3%), headache(5.2%), most of which were mild or moderate and disappeared with or were tolerated on continued therapy. But three cases(3.1%) had to refrain from doxazosin administration due to blurred vision, dizzines, and headache. 5) The change of lipid analysis between before and after treatment in the monotherapy group with doxazosin showed 3.8% decrease of total cholesterol and 4.6% increase of HDL cholesterol and 11% increase of triglycerides, which were not statistically significant. In the combination therapy group 0.4% decrease of total cholesterol, 24.1% decrease of HDL cholesterol and 44.3% increase of triglycerides were observed. In the renal insufficiency group 4.9% decrease of total cholesterol, 22.1% decrease of HDL cholesterol, 0.1% decrease of triglycerides were observed. But all these findings have limitation in generalization due to small number of sample and a short period of observation. 6) Laboratory chemistry test results revealed no apparent treatment-related abnormalities.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Pressure* ; Body Weight ; Chemistry ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Creatinine ; Doxazosin* ; Female ; Generalization (Psychology) ; Headache ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Renal Insufficiency ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Ultrasonography, Prenatal*

The present study is aimed to investigate the clinical and pathologic features of GI lymphomas and the immunocytochemical characteristics, using 71 cases of primary GI lymphomas examined at the Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Youngdong Serverance Hospital and Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine from January, 1976 to December, 1985. Results obtained were as follows: 1) Sixty eight cases were Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 3 Hodgkin's lymphoma. Surgical resection was done in 58 patients and surgical biopsy in 13. 2) The primary sites of the tumors were stomach, small intestine, ileocecal area and large intestine in a descending order of frequency. 3) The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 45 years. The tumor of the small intestine was generally detected in the younger age and that of the large intestine in the older age. The overall male to female ratio was 1.9 : 1. 4) Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom irrespective of the sites of the tumor. Duration of the symptoms were evenly distributed from hours to 12 monthes. 5) The size of the tumors was less than 10 cm in the largest dimension in most of the cases (79.3%). The gross types of the GI lymphomas were ulcerative (27.6%), polypoid (20.7%), multinodulated (17.2%) and diffuse thickening. The rate of lymph node involvement was 44.4% in tumors confined to the serosa, while 82.6% in tumors with serosal penetrations. 6) Classification of 68 cases of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma according to Working Formulation revealed 50 cases of intermediate grade, 13 cases of high grade and 5 cases of low grade. According to Rappaport classification, all were diffuse types, among which diffuse histiocytic type was the most common. According to Lukes-Collins classification, 60 cases were B cell types, 4 cases genuine histiocytes types and 3 cases T cell types. Most of the gastric and intestinal lymphomas belonged to the follicular center cell (small and large cleaved, large cleaved) types. 7) Immunoperoxidase stains were done in 55 cases of malignant lymphomas. Thirty (65.9%) of 47 B cell lymphomas revealed a positivity for B cell markers. Twenty three (48.9%) of them showed a monoclonality, in which kappa/IgG pattern was most frequently demonstrated. Four cases of true histiocytic lymphomas were positive for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and lysozyme, the former of which was seemed to be a more sensitive marker for histiocytic differentiation. An attempt was made to evaluate the significance of the degree of reactive histiocytic infiltrates within the lymphoma in relation to the progosis, but correlation could not be made because of the limited cases.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Biopsy

The retraction of anterior teeth could be performed more easier by inducing of skeletal anchorage system rather than by conventional method on orthodontic treatment. But, we wonder how effective the system draws well without anchorage loss and draws anterior teeth aside posteriorly, and if the system can reduce the time, in comparison with the anchorage of posterior teeth. For that reason we have studied on the subject of patients, who were required the maximum anchorage on orthodontic treatment and the cases without crowding. The subjects of the experimental group are 35 areas of 20 people who were inserted miniscrews after Mx or Mn 1st premolar extracted. Also, the subjects of the control group are 81 areas of 45 people who were not inserted miniscrews. Compared the anchorage loss of experimental group with control one, we could get the result that the anchorage loss of experimental group is 1.034+/-0.891mm and control group is 2.790+/-1.882mm(P<0.01). Compared the space closing time of experimental group with control one, we could get the result that the space closing time of experimental group is 369.40+/-110.81days and control group is 406.56+/-231.63days. But the result of comparing space closing time has no significance in statistics. We recognized that the experimental group is more faster than the control group in the canine retraction velocity from the result ; the speed of a experimental group has as much as 0.60+/-0.23mm/30days while the speed of a control group has 0.44+/-0.35mm/30days(P<0.05). So, we could convince that orthodontic miniscrew is used effectively in the cases required the maximum anchorage.
Bicuspid ; Crowding ; Humans ; Tooth*

No abstract available.
Methotrexate*

The mortality rate of aneurysmal surgery had recently been reduced due to modern microsurgical technique and refinement of the timing of operation. Despite recovery without neurological deficits, many patients remain with emotional and psychological sequelae postoperatively. We evaluated 33 patients, operated on intracranial aneurysm for recent 2 years, about quality of life and degree of cognitive function. For proper evaluation of outcome of aneurysmal surgery, in addition to the neurological outcome, psychological aspects must be considered.
Aneurysm ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Mortality ; Quality of Life

At orthodontic treatment, we have made every effort to get rigid anchorage which is not stirred when teeth move. As a result, the miniscrew that is rigid anchorage was invented recently, and now it is used widely. Concerning the advantage of miniscrew, it is reduced dependence of extraoral anchorage and it shortens treatment time for rapid tooth movement. In contrast, the defect of miniscrew is falling off it resulted from increasing of the mobility. So the purpose of this research is to be of help to prognose clinical use of miniscrew, which is inserted for intraoral anchorage, by investigating and comparing the failure rate of miniscrew for loading time. This study researches the failure rate of miniscrew for teeth movement at the orthodontic treatment. The failure rate of miniscrew in mid course, after inserting 147 miniscrews in 51 patients, is 13%(20/147). It showed no statistically significant differences as compared man with woman, maxilla with mandible, double-head with uni-head miniscrew, and drilling and non-drilling before inserting the miniscrew. In comparison below twenties with over twenties and the times that we give load to miniscrew, it produced that the failure rate of miniscrew is 9.7% higher in the case of below the twenties than over the twenties. Also, the failure rate of loading immediately is 10.8% higher than loading after 7 days. According to using driver for the insertion of miniscrew, the failure rate of miniscrew is higher in the case of using machined driver than in the case of using hand driver when the level of significance is 95%. According to the research, we can suppose that the failure rate has no concern with using miniscrew on man or woman, maxilla or mandible, the shape of head, and drilling or non-drilling before insertion of miniscrew. Therefore, we can choose eclectic miniscrew as demands. In addition, we must notify the patient, below twenties, to be possibility of high failure rate. And It is strongly recommended to give load after 1.2 weeks for healing of the insertion area.
Female ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement

This report describes two cases of complete heart block associated with acute myocarditis. Both cases developed Adams-Stokes attack. One patients was considered to be due to viral infection as judged by clinical course and the other patient was confirmed as Korean hemorrhagic fever by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Both cases improved during about 4 weeks admission without sequelae with general supportive treatment only.
Heart Block* ; Heart* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans ; Myocarditis*

BACKGROUND: Propofol and lidocaine have been purported to attenuate bronchoconstriction induced by fentanyl administration during induction of anesthesia. The purpose of the present study was to study the synergic bronchodilation effect of propofol mixed with lidocaine. METHODS: Two hundred and thirty four patients were randomly allocated to five groups: Group 1 (n = 60, normal saline 0.25 ml/kg followed by fentanyl 3ng/kg), Group 2 (n = 30, propofol 2 mg/kg mixed with normal saline 0.05 ml/kg followed by normal saline 0.06 ml/kg), Group 3 (n = 50, propofol 2 mg/kg mixed with normal saline 0.05 ml/kg followed by fentanyl 3ng/kg), Group 4 (n = 33, propofol 2 mg/kg mixed with lidocaine 1 mg/kg followed by normal saline 0.06 ml/kg) and Group 5 (n = 61, propofol 2 mg/kg mixed with lidocaine 1 mg/kg followed by fentanyl 3ng/kg). All patients were injected with fentanyl or normal saline two minutes after administration of propofol premixed with lidocaine or normal saline, respectively. We checked the cough reflex, injection pain, oxygen desaturation and chest wall rigidity. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the incidence of cough reflex between group 1 and 3 or 5. The incidience of group 5 was significantly lower than in group 3. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that a propofol-lidocaine mixture should be considered when patients require bronchodilation during induction of anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Bronchoconstriction ; Cough* ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lidocaine* ; Oxygen ; Propofol* ; Reflex* ; Thoracic Wall

No abstract available.
Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Pregnancy