No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Coculture Techniques* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Mice*

BACKGROUND: A large amount of blood is lost during spinal fusion surgery; therefore, a blood transfusion is required. In this study, we analyzed the amount of transfusion and hemodynamic changes in relation to the count of fusion segments in lumbosacral spinal surgeries. METHODS: We analyzed 67 patients who had undergone lumbosacral fusion. They were divided into five groups according to the levels of fusion segments (one level: Group 1, two levels: Group 2, three levels: Group 3, four levels: Group 4 and above three levels: Groups 3+4). Total amounts of transfusion and perioperative hemodynamic changes were compared among each group. RESULTS: Of the total 67 cases, 40 cases were Group 1, 19 cases were Group 2, five cases were Group 3, three cases were Group 4, and eight cases were Groups 3+4. Average volume of Red Blood Cell (RBC) transfusion per operation was 703+/-463 mL (Group 1), 934+/-372 mL (Group 2), 1,677+/-847 mL (Group 3), 1,231+/-412 mL (Group 4), and 1,509+/-669 mL (Group 3+4); and average volume of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) per operation was 55+/-141 mL (Group 1), 108+/-181 mL (Group 2), 306+/-368 mL (Group 3), 567+/-260 mL (Group 4), and 404+/-317 mL (Groups 3+4). Eight patients received transfusion of Platelet Concentrate (PC); each patient received 10 units (400 mL). The preoperative mean level of hemoglobin and platelet was 13.62+/-1.47 g/dL and 245+/-60x10(3)/microliter, postoperatively, 10.26+/-1.14 g/dL and 150+/-46x10(3)/microliter. CONCLUSION: As the fusion segments increase, the need for transfusion of RBC, FFP, and PC increases. Application of the Maximum Surgical Blood Order Schedule (MSBOS) system is required in the planning of spinal fusion, especially in multiple segments.
Appointments and Schedules ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocytes ; Hemodynamics ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Lumbosacral Region ; Plasma ; Spinal Fusion

BACKGROUND: A large amount of blood is lost during spinal fusion surgery; therefore, a blood transfusion is required. In this study, we analyzed the amount of transfusion and hemodynamic changes in relation to the count of fusion segments in lumbosacral spinal surgeries. METHODS: We analyzed 67 patients who had undergone lumbosacral fusion. They were divided into five groups according to the levels of fusion segments (one level: Group 1, two levels: Group 2, three levels: Group 3, four levels: Group 4 and above three levels: Groups 3+4). Total amounts of transfusion and perioperative hemodynamic changes were compared among each group. RESULTS: Of the total 67 cases, 40 cases were Group 1, 19 cases were Group 2, five cases were Group 3, three cases were Group 4, and eight cases were Groups 3+4. Average volume of Red Blood Cell (RBC) transfusion per operation was 703+/-463 mL (Group 1), 934+/-372 mL (Group 2), 1,677+/-847 mL (Group 3), 1,231+/-412 mL (Group 4), and 1,509+/-669 mL (Group 3+4); and average volume of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) per operation was 55+/-141 mL (Group 1), 108+/-181 mL (Group 2), 306+/-368 mL (Group 3), 567+/-260 mL (Group 4), and 404+/-317 mL (Groups 3+4). Eight patients received transfusion of Platelet Concentrate (PC); each patient received 10 units (400 mL). The preoperative mean level of hemoglobin and platelet was 13.62+/-1.47 g/dL and 245+/-60x10(3)/microliter, postoperatively, 10.26+/-1.14 g/dL and 150+/-46x10(3)/microliter. CONCLUSION: As the fusion segments increase, the need for transfusion of RBC, FFP, and PC increases. Application of the Maximum Surgical Blood Order Schedule (MSBOS) system is required in the planning of spinal fusion, especially in multiple segments.
Appointments and Schedules ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocytes ; Hemodynamics ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Lumbosacral Region ; Plasma ; Spinal Fusion

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

The radiation-induced apoptosis was studied for two human cancer cell lines (KB cells, RPMI 2650 cells) and the human gingival fibroblast cell line (HGF-1 cells). The single irradiation of 2, 10, 20Gy was done with 241.5 cGy/min dose rate using the 137Cs MK cell irradiator. The cell were stained with propidium iodide and examined under the fluoro-microscope and assayed with the flow cytometry a day after irradiation. Also, the LDH assay was done to determine the amount of necrotic cells. The obtained results were as follows : 1. On the fluoro-microscope, many fragmented nuclei were detected in the KB, RPMI 2650, and HGF-1 cells after irradiation. 2. On the DNA content histogram obtained from the flow cytometry, the percentages of the pre-G1 peak of the control and 2, 10 and 20Gy irradiation group were 4.5, 55.0, 52.3, and 66.6% on KB cells, 2.7, 3.3, 31.8, and 32.6% on RPMI 2650 cells and 2.8, 21.8, 30.4, and 40.2% on HGF-1 cells respectively. 3. The number of G1-stage cells was abruptly decreased after 2Gy irradiation on KB cells and 10Gy irradiation on RPMI 2650 cells, But there was a slight decrease without regard to irradiation dose on HGF-1 cells. 4. There was no significantly different absorbance in extracellular LDH assay along the experimental cell lines.
Apoptosis* ; Cell Line* ; DNA ; Fibroblasts* ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans* ; KB Cells ; Propidium

The purpose of this study was to investigate an influence of the change of central panoramic curves on the image reconstruction in the dental implant CT. The author designed three experimental groups according to the location of central panoramic curve. In group A, central panoramic curve was determined as the curve connecting the center of roots from the first premolar to the first molar. In group B, central panoramic curve was determined as the line connecting the lingual cortical plate at the level of the mesial aspect of the first premolar with the buccal cortical plate at the level of the mesial aspect of the first molar. In group C, central panoramic curve was determined as the line connecting the buccal cortical plate at the level of the mesial aspect of the first molar. Twenty four reformatted CT images was acquired from four mandibles embedded in the resin block and twenty four contact radiographs of dog specimens were acquired. Each image was processed under Adobe Photoshop program analysed by MSPA(mandible/maxilla shape pattern analysis) variables such as MXVD, MXHD, UHD, MHD, and LHD. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. The mean of MXVD variable was 19.9, 20.2, and 20.0 in group A, B, and C, respectively, which were smaller than actual value 20.5. But, there was no significant difference among 3 groups(p>0.05). 2. The mean of MXHD, UHD, MHD, and LHD variables in group A, B, and C was 11.9, 12.2, and 12.3; 9.3, 9.5, and 9.6; 10.0, 10.3, and 10.3; 9.2, 9.3, and 9.4 respectively which were equal to or greater than the actual value 11.8, 9.3, 10.0. But, there was no significant difference among 3 groups(p>0.05). 3. The number of noneffective observations with difference over or under 1mm with comparison to the actual value was 24(20%), 58(48.3%), and 52(43.3%), respectively, in group A, B, and C. 4. In group A, the number of observations over 1mm and under 1mm was 9 and 15, respectively, but in group B and C, the number of observations over 1mm was more than under 1mm.
Animals ; Bicuspid ; Dental Implants ; Dogs ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted* ; Mandible ; Molar

Radiation-imparied wound healing in animal experiments was believed to be an another logical experimental model to understand the wound healing mechanism in patients. the purpose of this study was to reveal the block point which would result impaired healing. Twenty four rats(Sprague-Dawley stains) were divided into two gruops according to the time interval between irradiati on and wounding. Group I, observing the healing effect on the 1st day and group II are the healing effects on the 7th d ays after irradiation to the wound of the rat tongue. Experimental animals were sacrificed 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after w ounding. The specimens were examined by the light microscope and trasmission electron microscope. The following results were obtained: 1. Fibroblasts in both goups showed degenerative changes which were dilated mitochondria and rER, reduced microorganell e, vacuoles and little cytoplasmic process. 2. Average length between bands and quantity of the newly produced collagen fibers aroud fibroblasts remained unchanged against control group. 3. The severity of degenerative change of the fibroblast and impairment of wond healing including shortening of the thi ckness of collagen fibers were more sever in the group II than in the group I.
Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Collagen ; Cytoplasm ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans ; Logic ; Mitochondria ; Models, Theoretical ; Rats* ; Tongue* ; Vacuoles ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

The primary intra-osseous carcinoma (PIOC) is a very rare lesion. PIOC is an odontogenic carcinoma defined as a squamous cell carcinoma arisinig within a jaw having no initial connection with the oral mucosa, and presumably developing from residues of the odontogenic epithelium. The authors diagnosed a 51-year-old female as primary intra-osseous carcinoma after undergoing clinical, radiological and histological examinations. The characteristics were as followed: 1. The patient complained of gingival bleeding on the premolar area in the left maxilla. 2. The conventional radiograms showed a relatively well-defined unilocular radiolucent lesion from the mesial aspect of the upper left canine to the mesial aspect of the upper left 1st molar. The 2nd premolar was separated from the 1st molar and the floor of the maxillary sinus was elevated by the lesion. There was a external root resorption of the upper left canine , the 1st premolar, and the 2nd premolar. 3. On the computed tomograms, the osteolytic bony lesion expanded the cortical plate of the left maxilla and displaced the margin of the left maxillary sinus upwards. But the bony lesion was separated from the maxillary sinus by a bony septum. 4. Bone scintigram with (99m)Tc demonstrated the increased uptake in the left maxilla. Sonograms in the neck area and chest P-A radiogram didn't show any abnormalities. 5. Histologically, the tumor islands infiltrating into the surrounding bone increased in alveolar pattern, composed of the malignant cells, and there was a necrosis in the center of the tumor islands.
Bicuspid ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epithelium ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Islands ; Jaw ; Maxilla* ; Maxillary Sinus ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; Mouth Mucosa ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Root Resorption ; Thorax

Honey is produced by bees from nectar collected from nearby flowers. Sometimes, honey produced from the Rhododendron species is contaminated by Grayanotoxin (GTX) in Nepal and other countries. There have been reports of GTX intoxication, also known as 'mad honey disease', from honey produced in countries other than Korea. The importation of wild honey has been prohibited by the Korean Food and Drug Administration since 2005, yet it is still distributed within Korea by the occasional tourist. We report a case of GTX intoxication from contaminated honey which included the symptoms of nausea, vomiting, general weakness, dizziness, blurred vision, hypotension and sinus bradycardia. By means of infusion with normal saline and atropine sulfate, the patient's condition fully recovered within 8 hours of hospital admission, and she was discharged without any complications.
Atropine ; Bees ; Bradycardia ; Dizziness ; Flowers ; Honey ; Hypotension ; Korea ; Nausea ; Nepal ; Plant Nectar ; Rhododendron ; United States Food and Drug Administration ; Vision, Ocular ; Vomiting