No abstract available.
Meningitis*

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare, life-endangering suppurative infection of the renal parenchyma and perirenal tissues. The disease is encountered mainly in the diabetic patient with or without ureteral obstruction and is characterized by the production of intrarenal and occasionally, perirenal gas. We report a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis, treated by left nephrectomy, in 55-year-old diabetic woman.
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; Pyelonephritis* ; Ureteral Obstruction

No abstract available.
Holoprosencephaly*

No abstract available.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum*

No abstract available.
Cardiac Catheterization* ; Cardiac Catheters* ; Child* ; Cineangiography* ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.
Lymphadenitis*

BACKGROUND: We observed airway remodeling, which is the thickness of the susepithelial layer, in asthmatic patients and inhealthy subjects in order to determine its relationship with severity of disease, such as symptom, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and degree of acute exacerbation. Moreover, for evaluation of factors contributing to airway remodeling, we analyzed the age, sex, presence of atopy, length of asthmatic history and degree of airway inflammation. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with asthma and ten healthy controls were recruited for the study. The degree of asthma symptom severity was assessed using NIH criteria. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine was expressed as provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1. The degree of acute exacerbation was assessed by PaCO2 during acute exacerbation. Bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL), and bronchial biopsy were performed for all subjects; the total cell counts, differential cell counts and levels of ECP were measured in BAL fluid, and the basement membrane thickness and degree of epithelial shedding were measured in biopsy samples under light microscopy. RESULTS: The mean values of basement membrane thickness were 7.8+/-0.6 micrometer in asthmatics, and 4.1+/-0.5 micrometer in healthy subjects (p<0.05). Basement membrane thickness in patients with severe persistent asthma differed significantly from that of patients with mild intermittent asthma (11.8+/-1.0 micrometer vs 6.5+/-0.7 micrometer p<0.05). A lower level of PC20 for methacholine was observed in asthma with thick basement membrane(> or =7.5 micrometer) compared to those with base- ment membrane less than 7.5micrometer (0.26+/-0.13 mg/ml vs. 0.74+/-0.16 mg/ml, p<0.05). No difference was found between the degree of thickening in patients with different degree of acute exacerbation with age, sex, atopy and lengths of asthmatic history. The degree of thickening was positively correlated to degree of epithelial shedding (r=0.393, p<0.05), but not to the degree of total cell counts, differential cell percentage nor ECP in BAL fluid. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that thickening of the basement membrane is a characteristic finding of asthma. We also demonstrated that it affects symptom severity and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and is related to degree of epithelial damage rather than duration of asthma history.
Airway Remodeling* ; Asthma* ; Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Bronchoscopy ; Cell Count ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Membranes ; Methacholine Chloride ; Microscopy

A 52-year-old woman was presented with 2-week history of increasing dyspnea and dry cough. The chest radiograph revealed bilateral reticular infiltrates. Radiographic infiltrates were rapidly progressed and symptoms from hypoxemia were aggravated. The patient was intubated and bronchoscopy with transbronchial lung biopsies was performed. Biopsies revealed lymphatic vessels plugged by nests of metastatic adenocarcinoma. She died 11 days after admission despite of intensive ventilatory support. We had difficulties in the diagnosis of lymphangitic lung carcinomatosis at initial presentation of her illness because the progression was unusually rapid. Lymphangitic lung carcinomatosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients showing rapidly progressive interstitial radiographic findings. Also, transbronchial lung biopsy may be a useful tool to confirm the diagnosis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Anoxia ; Biopsy ; Bronchoscopy ; Carcinoma* ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; Lung* ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Thoracic

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This is the study to clarify the relation between the mucosal patterns by magnifying endoscopy and the histologic findings in the gastric mucosal elevated lesions. METHODS: The objectives were 51 lesions from 48 patients with gastric mucosal elevated lesions. Gastric mucosal elevated lesions have been magnified up to 80 times by using the magnifying endoscope and were obtained tissue. Magnifying mucosal patterns were classified into 6 types (dot, sulciolar, reticular, irregular, destructive and abnormal vessel pattern) and two group (Group A: dot, sulciolar, reticular pattern-preservation of mucosal arrangement, Group B: irregular, destructive, abnormal vessel pattern-destruction of mucosal arrangement). And then we compared the relation between the mucosal patterns and the histologic findings in the gastric mucosal elevated lesions. RESULTS: In magnifying mucosal patterns, dot, sulciolar, reticular, irregular, destructive, and abnormal vessel pattern were 8, 5, 15, 4, 12, 7, respectively. There was significant difference in the rate of severe dysplasia or carcinoma between two groups (Group A: 0% (0/28), Group B: 70% (16/23) (p<0.05)). The score of intestinal metaplasia and atrophy in group A were less than that of group B (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Irregularity, destruction and abnormal vessel formation of gastric mucosal pattern by magnifying endoscope may be suspected the histologic malignancy in the gastric mucosal elevated lesions.
Atrophy ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy* ; Humans ; Metaplasia

Mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are the strongest predictive factor for response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib. EGFR TKIs are approved in Korea as a first-line treatment for lung cancer patients with mutated EGFR. Rapid and accurate EGFR mutation testing is essential for patient selection and establishing targeted therapies with EGFR TKIs. Thus, a standard set of guideline recommendations for EGFR mutation testing suitable for the Korean medical community is necessary. In this article, we propose a set of guideline recommendations for EGFR mutation testing that was discussed and approved by the Cardiopulmonary Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists.
Humans ; Korea ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Patient Selection ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Quinazolines ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Erlotinib Hydrochloride