With the purpose of avoiding the usual complications of systemic hypothermia and particularly those secondary to the lower tolerance of temperature of the cardiac neuromuscular elements as compared with tissue of the central nervous system, extravascular local cooling of the brain in cat was designed for the experiment. The experimental technique was deviced to cool the brain with cold liquid(2-3 degrees C) of physiological saline perfused or irrigated onto and with the salineice(-7 degrees C) rested on the surface of the brain. Thermocouples were introduced and placed at different depths of each 0.3cm in the brain, then the brain temperatures were measured at each depth before and during cooling every 10 minutes. Average temperature of brain surface before cooling was 35.7+/-1.7 degrees C and mean of it recorded from surface to 1.5cm depth in the brain was 36.7+/-1.1 degrees C in 20 cats. During cooling temperatures was effectively and markedly droped at extent of 0.6cm thick in the subcortical tissue, and at 20 minutes, cooling the maximal drop of temperature was recorded. During cooling with saline solution, average temperature of normal brain surface was 22.3+/-41 degrees C and mean of it recorded at different depths in brain was 28.7+/-2.5 degrees C. During cooling with saline ice, average temperature of normal brain surface was 12.2+/-2.6 degrees C, and mean of it recorded at different depths in brain was 22.0+/-1.3 degrees C. Temperature in the areas of brain injured by contusion or compression was relatively lower than in the normal brain. Temperature lowering in the injured brain during the cooling was more evident and marked in its degree than that in normal brain. Gross neurological examination failed to demonstrate any impairment of voluntary motor function after the cooling of brain for 50 minutes.
Animals ; Brain* ; Cats* ; Central Nervous System ; Contusions ; Hypothermia ; Ice ; Neurologic Examination ; Sodium Chloride

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

Thirty-seven cases of cardiac neurosis were treated with propranolol (Inderal(R)) and following results were obtained. 1) Symptoms, such as palpitation, dyspnea, chest tightness and chest pain were disappeared or improved in all cases. 2) Heart rate reduced significantly after treatment from 99.8 per minutes to 74.8 per minutes. 3) Systolic blood pressure reduced significantly after treatment from 147.6 mmHg to 131.4 mmHg. but diastolic blood pressure were not reduced significantly. These results indicated that propranolol is recommendable medicine for improving cardiac symptoms and tachycardia in cardiac neurosis.
Blood Pressure ; Chest Pain ; Dyspnea ; Heart Rate ; Neurocirculatory Asthenia* ; Propranolol* ; Tachycardia ; Thorax

Since early 1980's high resolution ultrasound has been world-widely used for detection of cranial lesions ininfants but not widely used in korea. Authors prospectively analysed ultrasonographic findings of 107 cases whichwere confirmed by CT, autopsy or follow-up studies as supplement. the distribution of 107 cases was intracranialhematoma 40 cases, hydrocephalus 36 cases, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy 10 cases, porencephalic cyst 5 cases,cephalhematoma 5 cases, agenesis of corpus callosum 4 cases, medulloblastoma 2 cases and each one case of A-Vmalformation, intraventricular cyst, Dandy Walker cyst, lipoma and hydranecephaly. We could conclude thatneurosonography of infants was very useful and effective method in detection of cranial lesions such asintracranial hematoma, especially germinal matrix hemorrhage or intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infant,hydrocephalus, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and congenital anomalies.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum ; Autopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infant ; Korea ; Lipoma ; Medulloblastoma ; Methods ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Walkers

We have recently managed three cases of cerebellar hemangioblastomas in adult male in which the vertebral angiograms and C-T scan led us to diagnose the vascular mass lesions involving the right, left lobe and superior vermis respectively. Polycythemia, angiomatosis retinae and familial incidence were not detected but signs of increased intracranial pressure and of cerebellar dysfunction in varying degrees were common to all three cases. The duration of symptoms and signs ranged from weeks to years. The lesion in the right lobe was a fairly large mass harboring multiple small cysts in it and able to removed completely. The mass in the left lobe was paramedian in location and obstructing the 4 th ventricle. It was also large and entirely cystic accompanying a mural nodule in it and easily removed completely. The lesion occupying the cerebellar vermis was a large solid one and extending diffusely up to posterior third ventricle region and could only be removed partially.
Adult ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Hemangioblastoma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Polycythemia ; Third Ventricle ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease

No abstract available.
Uterine Prolapse*

A direct intracranial operative approach that occludes the neck of the aneurysmal sac by clipping, and excludes it from the circulation without interference with the lumen of the parent vessel, is the ideal treatment of symptomatic intracranial aneurysm. With this procedure, however, there is no assurance of complete obliteration of the aneurysmal sac. Furthermore aneurysms arising from the anterior communicating artery are particularly dangerous because of the effects produced by spasm of the important neighboring perforating vessels. Since Logue published on the treatment of anterior communicating aneurysms by proximal ligation of an anterior cerebral artery in 1956, there has been by the large number of series of cases reported by other surgeons. Tindall classified three pattern of angiographic filling in patients with anterior communicating aneurysms and in type III, each anterior cerebral artery fills from its respective side, while the aneurysm fills from one side only, proximal ligation of anterior cerebral artery was performed with good effect. Five patients with anterior communicating artery aneurysm were treated by proximal occlusion of the dominant anterior cerebral artery with no mortality or morbidity. There was also instance of recurrent hemorrhage during the follow up period for 8 months to 5 years. We thought this operative procedure, therefore, can offer a highly acceptable result if the surgeon applies strict criteria to patient selection. Technically, the procedure was simple, earlier and could be performed more quickly than the direct attack.
Aneurysm ; Anterior Cerebral Artery* ; Arteries ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Ligation ; Mortality ; Neck ; Parents ; Patient Selection ; Spasm ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

We have recently experienced a case of malignant schwannoma in the right ulnar nerve. A 17 years old male underwent a surgery with a total removal of malignant schwannoma of the right ulnar nerve in the elbow. The tumor mass was walnut size with infiltration to the adjacent structures. The pathological findings show the pattern of interlacing bundles of long spindle cells, plumper hypochromatic elongated or serpentile and eosinophilic nuclei with process and frequent mitosis, loss of cellular polarity and polymorphism can be seen. Pathological diagnosis was malignant schwannoma. Approximately 4 months later his initial operation, the tumor recurred at right elbow and axillary region and removed without any proper treatment.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Elbow ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Juglans ; Male ; Mitosis ; Neurilemmoma* ; Ulnar Nerve*

Authors evaluated the electrocardiographic criteria of Minnesota Code (III-1, III-2) for the diagnosis of left and right ventricular hypertrophy in 93 cases of healthy peoples, 74 cases of left ventricular hypertrophy and 4 cases of right ventricular hypertrophy and following results were obtained. 1. By left ventricular hypertropy criteria (III-1), there were 5.4% of false positive and 14.9% of false negative cases. 2. By right ventricular hypertrophy criteria III-2), there were 24.7% of false positive and 20.0% of false negative cases. 3. Electrocardiographic diagnosis of ventricular hypertrophy by Minnesota Code (III-1, III-2) were more reliable criteria than many other criteria of ventricular hypertrophy.
Diagnosis* ; Electrocardiography ; Hypertrophy* ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Minnesota*

Surgery of the facial nerve may be required for the restoration of function when the nerve is paralyzed from trauma or disease and to reduce or abolish function when the muscle it supplies are involved in severe spasm. A case of facial-hypoglossal anastomosis is reported, in which intracranial injury and destruction of the left facial nerve were resulted from the operation with complete removal of a large acoustic neurinoma in the cerebellopontine angle. The anastomosis was required for innervation of the paralyzed facial musculature following the operation. The anastomosis is preferred to the accessory-facial combination because of the extensive muscular atrophy of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle. Using operating microscpe, the proximal hypoglossal nerve was approximated to the distal facial nerve below the posterior belly of the digastric muscle, and the descendens hypoglossal was anastomosed to the distal hypoglossal nerve to prevent some of the glossal hemiatrophy.
Cerebellopontine Angle ; Equipment and Supplies ; Facial Nerve ; Hypoglossal Nerve ; Muscular Atrophy ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; Spasm ; Superficial Back Muscles