The nationwide spreaded institutionalized mental disordered offenders admitted in the several mental hospitals were transfered in one time after opening in November 3, 1987 until the end of 1988. In 1989, new admitted MDOs were 5.8%, 107 among total 1849, 203 MDOs(11%) were admitted newly in 1997. The new admitted MDOs were increased every year. The diagnosis of total 1849 mental disordered offenders to be admitted during 11 years from November 3, 1987 to December 31, 1997.Schizophrenia is 69.8%, Epilepsy 0%, Personality disorders 4.0%, Mental Retardation 4.0%, Alcohol-related disorder 3.0%, Substance-related disorder(other than alcohol) 2.0%. The crimes of total 1849 MDOs for 11 years are as follows; Homicide 33.2%, Violence 19.2%, Manslaughter 12.5%, Stealing 8.1%, Arson 6.4%, Robbery 2.5%, Rape 2.2%,II-legal Substance Abuse 1.6%. Year average recidivism of MDOs for 11 years are as follows:1st crime 70.6%, 2nd crime 12.3%, 3rd crime 4.9%, 4th crime 3.7%, 5th crime 8.5%. The number 77(6.8%) among 1141 total discharged MDOs are admitted again after discharge from the Forensic Psychiatric Hospital. The readmitted 77 MDOs for 11 years according to crimes are as follows: Stealing 30(38.9%), Substance Abuse 14(18.2%), Violence 11(14.3%), Arson 5(7.8%), Robbery 5(6.5%), Rape 5(6.5%), Homicide 4(5.2%). The readmitted 77 MDOs for 11 years according to crimes are as follows:Stealing 30(38.9%), Substance Abuse 14(18.2%), Violence 11(14.3%), Arson 6(7.8%), Robbery 5(6.5%), Rape 5(6.5%), Homicide 4(5.2%). The readmitted 77 MDOs for 11 years according to diagnosis are as follows: Schizophrenia 36(46.7%), Substance Abuse 15(19.5%), Kleptomaina 6(7.8%), Mental Retardation 4(5.2%), Personality disorders 4(5.2%), Epilesy 1(1.3%), Delusional disorder 2(2.6%), Bipolar Disorder 2(2.6%), Alcohol dependency 1(1.3%). II. Mental evaluation for Criminal Responsibility The diagnostic classification of total 1422 Mental Evaluation for 11 years are as follows: Schizophenia 431(30.3%), Alcohol-related disorder 205(14.4%), Mood disorder 188(13.2%), Personality disorders 124(8.7%), Mental retardation 108(7.6%), Delusional disorder 67(4.7%), and mental disorder due to general medical condition 42(3.0%). The number sentenced to insanity are 597(44.9%) among total 1331, diminished capacity 546(41%), and 'normal' 188(14.1%).
Alcohol-Related Disorders ; Bipolar Disorder ; Classification ; Crime ; Criminals* ; Diagnosis ; Epilepsy ; Firesetting Behavior ; Homicide ; Hospitals, Psychiatric* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Korea* ; Mental Disorders ; Mood Disorders ; Personality Disorders ; Rape ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Theft ; Violence

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Humans* ; Morphine* ; Naloxone* ; Perfusion*

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma(PXA) is a benign brain tumor with favorable prognosis in spite of its marked pleomorphism. We report a case with review of the literature. An eight-year-old boy presented with headache and vomiting. Plain skull X-ray showed findings of increased intracranial pressure. The MR imaging demonstrated superficially located large cystic mass with a Iobulated mural nodule in the left frontal lobe. The mural nodule abutting leptomeninges showed intense enhancement on postcontrast Tl-weighted images, but the cyst wall was not enhanced. Preoperative diagnosis of PXA with the MRI findings could lead to avoidance of more aggressive brain resection and therefore more favorable neurological outcome
Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Frontal Lobe ; Headache ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Prognosis ; Skull ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Parenteral Nutrition, Total

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Hemangioma* ; Liver*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the usefulness of dynamic MR imaging after contrast enhancement with Gd-DTPA in the differential diagnosis of hepatic focal lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The population consists of 22 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 44 cases of hemangioma, and five cases of metastasis. Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was made by surgery, fine needle biopsy, ultrasonography, CT and conventional angiography. Hemangioma was diagnosed on the basis of ultrasonography, CT, conventional spin-echo MRI and clinical data. Diagnosis of metastasis was done by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Dynamic and delayed images were obtained using 1.5T superconductive magnetom after Gd-DTPA(0.1mmol/kg) intravenous injection. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation was done for each lesion. RESULTS: Early contrast enhancement with rapid or gradual washout was noted in 15 lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma(68.2%) ;on the delayed images, no contrast enhancement was noted in 18 lesions(81. 8%). Peripheral contrast enhancement pattern was predominantly(86.4%) observed in hemangiomas during dynamic phase. On the delayed images, homogeneous and persistent contrast enhancement of masses were noted in all hemangiomas. Characteristic centripetal fill-in pattern was observed in 32 lesions of hemangioma (72.7%). Contrast inversion of masses during contrast enhancement study was noted in all hemangiomas, while continuous negative contrast was noted in hepatocellular carcinomas and metastases. CONCLUSION: Dynamic MR imaging after contrast enhancement with Gd-DTPA is an useful method in the differential diagnosis of hepatic focal lesions.
Angiography ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Hemangioma* ; Injections, Intravenous ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: A few studies have been reported on extrahepatic metastasis after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the patterns of extrahepatic recurrence and we identified the risk factors for extrahepatic recurrence after curative resection for HCC. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 587 patients who underwent surgical resection with a curative aim from January 1998 to December 2007 in the Yonsei University Health Care System. Among the 571 patients, 291 (51.0%) patients developed recurrence. Sixty five patients initially presented with extrahaptic recurrence. The patients with extrahepatic recurrence were divided into Group A (peritoneal recurrence) and Group B (non-peritoneal extrahepatic recurrence). RESULTS: Group A had higher rates of intraoperative bleeding>1,500 ml and perioperative transfusion too. On the multivariate analysis, perioperative transfusion, satellite nodule and the tumor size were the independent risk factors for Group A. The Edmondson-Steiner grade, satellite nodule and the tumor size were the independent risk factors for Group B. The 1, 3 and 5-year overall survival rates after curative resection for the patients with extrahepatic recurence were 83.1%, 48.9% and 27.4%, respectively. The recurrence patterns and treatment modalities did not affect the overall survival after treatment for extrahepatic recurrence. CONCLUSION: A perioperative transfusion was found to be a different risk factor for peritoneal recurrence, as compared to those risk factors for non-peritoneal extrahepatic recurrence. Therefore, efforts by physicians to decrease intraoperative bleeding may prevent peritoneal recurrence after performing curative resection for HCC.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Delivery of Health Care ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

Mycotic aneurysms of the intracavernous segment of the internal carotid artery secondary to cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis are exceedingly rare. The authors report a case with mycotic pseudoaneurysm in the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery with clinical and angiographic evidence cavernous sinus thrombosis. The strikingly development of the pseudoaneurysms was demonstrated by digital subtraction angiography.
Aneurysm, False* ; Aneurysm, Infected ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis* ; Cavernous Sinus*

We experienced a case of isolated fetal pleural effusion diagnosed by antenatal ultrasonogram in the 33th week of gestational age. Chest PA at birth showed massive pleural effusion in both lungs. The serous pleural fluid changed to a milky nature after feeding so we diagnosed it as congenital chylothorax. The infant was managed by chest tube drainage, NPO & TPN with good response and was discharged on the 28th hospital day. We report the case with a brief review of its related literature.
Chest Tubes ; Chylothorax* ; Drainage ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Lung ; Parturition ; Pleural Effusion ; Thorax ; Ultrasonography