No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Leukocytes* ; Plateletpheresis*

The retraction of anterior teeth could be performed more easier by inducing of skeletal anchorage system rather than by conventional method on orthodontic treatment. But, we wonder how effective the system draws well without anchorage loss and draws anterior teeth aside posteriorly, and if the system can reduce the time, in comparison with the anchorage of posterior teeth. For that reason we have studied on the subject of patients, who were required the maximum anchorage on orthodontic treatment and the cases without crowding. The subjects of the experimental group are 35 areas of 20 people who were inserted miniscrews after Mx or Mn 1st premolar extracted. Also, the subjects of the control group are 81 areas of 45 people who were not inserted miniscrews. Compared the anchorage loss of experimental group with control one, we could get the result that the anchorage loss of experimental group is 1.034+/-0.891mm and control group is 2.790+/-1.882mm(P<0.01). Compared the space closing time of experimental group with control one, we could get the result that the space closing time of experimental group is 369.40+/-110.81days and control group is 406.56+/-231.63days. But the result of comparing space closing time has no significance in statistics. We recognized that the experimental group is more faster than the control group in the canine retraction velocity from the result ; the speed of a experimental group has as much as 0.60+/-0.23mm/30days while the speed of a control group has 0.44+/-0.35mm/30days(P<0.05). So, we could convince that orthodontic miniscrew is used effectively in the cases required the maximum anchorage.
Bicuspid ; Crowding ; Humans ; Tooth*

No abstract available.
Chylothorax* ; Chylous Ascites*

No abstract available.
Encephalitis* ; Prognosis*

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

PURPOSE: It is widely accepted that addressing multiple symptoms together is the preferred approach in assessment and intervention and results in reduced negative patient outcomes. Yet, there are few studies examining symptom clusters and their impacts on quality of life longitudinally in patients after heart valve surgery.METHODS: A total of 101 patients were recruited from a tertiary hospital and were administered questionnaires (at 3, 6, and 10 weeks after the surgery) assessing participants' characteristics, cardiac symptoms, and quality of life. Factor analysis was used to identify symptom clusters. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used to predict quality of life.RESULTS: Participants were predominantly 70-years old or more with a mean age of 64.34. The two symptom clusters at 3 weeks after the surgery with education, gender, and occupation accounted for 76.3% of variance in quality of life.CONCLUSION: Symptom clusters containing various physical and psychological symptoms in patients after the surgery affected quality of life, and the relationship was significant at 3 weeks after the surgery. Because symptom clusters were identified in all three recovery periods, nurses need to acknowledge these clusters, rather than each symptom separately, and to utilize these in providing care and education and in promoting quality of life in these patients.
Education ; Heart Valves ; Heart ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Occupations ; Postoperative Period ; Quality of Life ; Tertiary Care Centers

BACKGROUND: Succinylcholine is commonly used for tracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia and followed by a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug for intraoperative muscle relaxation. We have determined whether the effect of succinylcholine used for endotracheal intubation on the recovery of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block offers many changes in time course of neuromuscular block. METHOD: Forty ASA class 1 or 2 adult male patients were studied. Patients were premedicated with nalbuphine 10 mg and glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg and after induction of anesthesia with thiopental, anesthesia was maintained with 1~2% enflurane, and 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Twitch responses of adductor pollicis were measured acceleromyographically using 0.2 ms, 2 Hz, train of four (TOF) stimulation of ulnar nerve every 15 seconds. The patients were allocated randomly to following four groups; Ten patients received vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg only (group 1), remained thirty patients received succinylcholine 1.0 mg/kg first and vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg was administered at 0% (group 2, n=10), 25% (group 3, n=10), 75% (group 4, n=10) recovery of first twitch from succinylcholine-induced neuromuscular block respectively. RESULT: Clinical duration, recovery index, and TOF ratio of vecuronium were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION: Succinylcholine for endotracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia does not affect time course of action of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. The cause of this result suspect that the effect of succinylcholine might be masked by large dose of vecuronium (2XED95). Clinically, it is unlikely that prior administered succinylcholine 1 mg/kg influence the recovery of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Enflurane ; Glycopyrrolate ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Masks ; Muscle Relaxation ; Nalbuphine ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Succinylcholine* ; Thiopental ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide

Background: Korean dental hygienists perform various tasks under the supervision of dentists in addition to the tasks listed in the law. Many meaningful studies have been conducted to determine the actual tasks of dental hygienists, but these studies did not show common results due to the differences in research methods or designs. Hence, this study aimed to review the reported data on the tasks of dental hygienists in Korea and to clarify them based on a systematic literature review. Methods: For the literature search, the COre, Standard, and Ideal model presented by the National Library of Medicine was referenced. Seven databases were searched for literatures published in Korea, including PubMed, and Google Scholar. Of the 352 studies found using key words, titles, and abstracts, 46 were finally extracted based on the first and second exclusion criteria. After confirming the tasks of Korean dental hygienists in 46 literatures, 136 tasks were listed and calculated as appearance rate in the literature. Results: The most common tasks in 46 studies were fluoride application (67.2%), radiography (65.4%), scaling (65.4%), sealant (60.7%), patient management and counseling (56.7%), tooth-brushing education (52.2%), impression taking with alginate (50.1%), and making temporary crowns (47.9%). The most mentioned tasks of dental hygienists in public health centers were fluoride application (100%), sealant (100%), oral health education (71.4%), public oral health program evaluation (71.4%), school fluoride mouth-rinsing program (71.4%), water fluoridation (57.1%), tooth-brushing education (57.1%), school oral health programs (57.1%), and public elderly oral health programs (57.1%). Conclusion This study showed that Korean dental hygienists had 136 tasks by reviewing 46 related studies and that the main job of Korean dental hygienists was oral disease prevention including scaling, sealant, and fluoride application.

No abstract available.
Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica* ; Epidermolysis Bullosa*

OBJECTIVES: The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF) is a self-report instrument for assessment of dysfunctional beliefs based on Beck's cognitive formulations of personality disorders. The aims of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of PBQ-SF in clinical samples. METHODS: The Korean version of PBQ-SF was examined in 115 participants (50 patients with personality disorder and 65 patients without personality disorder). All participants were assessed for personality disorder using the semi-structured clinical interview of the Personality Assessment Schedule. The construction validity was examined by correlation with Beck Depression Inventory, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory neuroticism scales. Twenty four randomly sampled patients were examined for the test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The Korean version of PBQ-SF showed good internal consistency [Cronbach's alpha=0.73 (schizoid)-0.92 (paranoid)] and test-retest reliability [r=0.74 (narcissistic)-0.92 (paranoid)]. The PBQ-SF was correlated with depression, anxiety, and neuroticism. The overall subscales of PBQ-SF were correlated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders based diagnosis of personality disorders. CONCLUSION: Consistent with previous findings using the Korean full version of PBQ as well as the English version of PBQ-SF, our results support that the Korean version of PBQ-SF is a reliable and valid instrument for assessment of dysfunctional beliefs associated with personality pathology.
Anxiety ; Appointments and Schedules ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; Pathology ; Personality Assessment ; Personality Disorders ; Reproducibility of Results ; Weights and Measures