No abstract available in English.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Clinical Study

Several techniques are now avallable for the treatment of fractuers of the shaft of the femur. We must be aware of the advantages, disadvantages and Ilmitation of each if we are to select the proper treatment for each patient. During last decades treatment had been varied markedly from time to time and from place to place. Before Word War II, most fractures of the femoral shaft were treated conservatively either by skeletal traction or by manipulation and immobilization in a spica cast. After medullary fixation was Introduced during that war, it became popular, and until 1960 many surgeons considered it as the treatment of choice for most of these fractures. If the case is properly selected the medullary fixation is almost perfect, provlded no complications develop; convalescence can be shortened and resldual disability can be decreased. We had experienced 14 complications among the 78 cases of Kuntscher nailing from may, 1974, to May, 1980. The results are as follows: 1. We operated 78 cases with Kuntscher nail among the 121 femoral shaft fractures. 2. 14 (17.95%) complications developed among the 78 cases of the Kuntscher nailing. 3. Technical errors were incarcerated nailing with thick nail, too long nail and thin nailing. 4. Early postoperative complications within a year were infection, bendlng, bursitis, angulation and rotation. 5. Late complications after one year were proximal or distal migration and refracture.
Bursitis ; Convalescence ; Femur ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Postoperative Complications ; Surgeons ; Traction

The present study has been undertaken to investigate the values of serum lipids with hypertension and ischemic heart diseases. Serum lipids and lipoproteins were measured from 231 cases of hypertension, 23 cases of angina pectoris, 18 cases of acute myocardial infarction and 67 healthy adults together with normal value as controls. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean values of serum lipids in healthy adults were 111.0+/-41.3mg% for triglyceride, 171.2+/-33.5mg% for cholesterol, 175.1+/-36.3mg% for phospholipid, 479.9+/-82.6mg% for total lipid. The values of serum lipoproteins were 219.8+/-46.8mg% for beta-lipoprotein, 93.4+/-53.8mg% for pre beta-lipoprotein and 164.1+/-40.8mg% for alpha-lipoprotein. The values of cholesterol, triglyceride and beta-lipoprotein were gradually increased with aging. 2. The mean values of serum lipids in patients with hypertension were 176.3+/-94.5mg% for triglyceride, 199.7+/-36.9mg% for cholesterol, 207.8+/-38.0mg% for phospholipid, 601.9+/-139.9mg% for total lipid. The values of serum lipoproteins were 266.0+/-73.5mg% for beta-lipoprotein, 147.7+/-89.5mg% for pre-beta-lipoprotein and 187.7+/-56.7mg% for alpha-lipoprotein. The serum lipid values in patients with hypertension were significantly higher than those in healthy controls. 3. The mean values of serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with angina pectoris were significantly higher than in healthy controls. 4. The serum lipid values in general were higher rather in patients with acute myocardial infarction than healthy controls, but the values of serum phospholipid, pre-beta-lipoprotein and alpha-lipoprotein in them were not significantly higher than those in healthy controls. 5. The values of serum HDL-cholesterol in patients with hypertension, anginal pectoris and acute myocardial infarction were lower than those in healthy controls. The values of serum HDL-cholesterol in all cases were in general higher rather in femal than male.
Adult ; Aging ; Angina Pectoris ; Cholesterol ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Reference Values ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
HIV-1* ; Humans* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

BACKGROUND: Quinidine appeared to increase serum digoxin levels when given with quinidine. Therefore elevated serum digoxin concentrations and clinical toxicity have been reported in patient receiving quinidine. Currently, Bayesian method which estimates the most probable parameters of the drug for each patient from population parameters data is useful approach for adjusting digoxin dosage. To increase the accuracy of Bayesian method, it is desirable to use population parameters of Korean. Therefore we evaluated the effect of quinidine on digoxin clearance in Korea. METHOD: Patient's records from 19 adult cardiac disease without CHF having normal renal and liver function from Seoul National University of Hospital respectively wre evaluated. Digoxin pharmacokinetic parameters, CL and Vd, were obtained from serum concentration of digoxin of single and combined therapy at each steady-state by using bayesian method. RESULTS: This study show that quinidine reduced the total body clearance of digoxin from 2.39+/-0.17 to 1.51+/-0.08ml/min/kg(p<0.05) and reduced the digoxin volume of distribution from 8.57+/-0.29 to 4.98+/-0.19L/kg(p<0.05). This results show that digoxin dosage reduced to 40-50% in Korean, if quinidine therapy is initiated.
Adult ; Bayes Theorem ; Digoxin* ; Drug Interactions ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Pharmacokinetics ; Quinidine* ; Seoul

Kimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown cause. It usually appears as a painless nodule in the head and neck region often associated with regional lymphadenopathy, but there have rarely been reports of penile involvement or clinical presentation as an ulcerative plaque. We present a case of Kimura's disease occurring on the penile shaft as an ulcerative plaque in a 44-year-old man. A vesicular eruption had occurred on his penile shaft followed by an ulcerative plaque for 2 months. He had suffered from recurrent regional lymphadenopathy for 15 years and he had also exhibited intermittent eosinophilia. Histopathologic findings revealed diffuse eosinophilic infiltration in the dermis of the skin and eosmophilic abscesses in the lymphoid follicles of the mguinal lymph node. After short-term systemic steroid therapy and local injection of triamcinolone acetonide, the ulcerative plaque was healed.
Abscess ; Adult ; Dermis ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Head ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Neck ; Skin ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; Ulcer

Background: The Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision-Making Act has allowed anyone aged 19 or older to sign an Advance Directive not to receive life-sustaining treatment when they are in the ‘death process’. Recently, the Korean Pharmaceutical Association announced to raise awareness of the Advance Directive to the general public through community pharmacies across the country. This study aimed to investigate the public’s willingness to accept pharmacist’s consultation regarding the Advance Directive and to present future directions to pharmacists Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire study using 16-items was conducted in adults, Study subjects were recruited by convenience sampling method during August 5-15, 2020. Results: Of 460 respondents, 51.7% were younger than 30-year-old and 58.7% were not in the healthcare field in terms of job or major. 60.2% knew about the Advance Directive and 81.7% agreed the necessity to sign when healthy. 50.0% had the willingness to consult with pharmacists on the Advance Directive for well-dying and 80.4% preferred verbal explanation together with written information. Simple linear regression analysis results showed a significant relationship between trust in pharmacists or satisfaction with pharmacist’s communication and willingness to use pharmacist’ consultation on the Advance Directive (1-point increases in values measured on a five-point scale are associated with 0.464 and 0.486 increases, respectively.) Conclusion This study suggests that pharmacists need to improve the public’s trust and communication capability to satisfy with public’s demands on well-dying service.

Background: The Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision-Making Act has allowed anyone aged 19 or older to sign an Advance Directive not to receive life-sustaining treatment when they are in the ‘death process’. Recently, the Korean Pharmaceutical Association announced to raise awareness of the Advance Directive to the general public through community pharmacies across the country. This study aimed to investigate the public’s willingness to accept pharmacist’s consultation regarding the Advance Directive and to present future directions to pharmacists Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire study using 16-items was conducted in adults, Study subjects were recruited by convenience sampling method during August 5-15, 2020. Results: Of 460 respondents, 51.7% were younger than 30-year-old and 58.7% were not in the healthcare field in terms of job or major. 60.2% knew about the Advance Directive and 81.7% agreed the necessity to sign when healthy. 50.0% had the willingness to consult with pharmacists on the Advance Directive for well-dying and 80.4% preferred verbal explanation together with written information. Simple linear regression analysis results showed a significant relationship between trust in pharmacists or satisfaction with pharmacist’s communication and willingness to use pharmacist’ consultation on the Advance Directive (1-point increases in values measured on a five-point scale are associated with 0.464 and 0.486 increases, respectively.) Conclusion This study suggests that pharmacists need to improve the public’s trust and communication capability to satisfy with public’s demands on well-dying service.

A total of 420 cases of tumors of bone and cartilage were seen and treated at our department during the 19 years period from January, 1957 to November, 1975, This studies reviewed and analysed clinically, radiologically and pathologically. One hundred fifty-three cases (36.4%) were benign tumors. These included osteochondroma-54 cases (35.3%), benign giant cell tumor-18 cases (11.8%), enchondroma and osteoma-15 cases (9.8%) each, fibrous dysplasia-14 cases (9.2%), solitary bone cyst-13 cases (8.5%), osteoid osteoma-11 cases (7.2%),aneurysmal bone cyst and non-ossifying fibroma-5 cases (3.2%) each, chondroblastoma-2 cases (1.3%), and chondromyxoid fibroma 1 case (0.6%). Two hundred sixty-seven cases (63.6%) were malignant tumors. Among these cases, one hundred forty-nine cases (55. 9%) were metastatic bone tumors and one hundred eighteen were primary malignant bone tumors. The latter included osteogenic sarcoma 54 cases (46.0%), chondrosarcoma-19 cases (16.1%), reticulum cell sarcoma-9 cases (7.6%), multiple myeloma and malignant giant cell tumor-8 cases (6.7%) each, Ewings sarcoma-7 cases (6.0%), fibrosarcoma-5 cases (4.2%), juxtacortical osteogenic sarcoma and liposarcoma-3 cases (2.5%) each, and lymphosarcoma 2 cases (1.7%). a greated incidence of malignant tumors. The result led us to conclude that; 1. In this study of bone tumors, the ratio between benign and malignant tumors was around 1: 1. 7, a greater incidence of malignant tumors. 2. Osteochondroma was the most frequently encountered benign bone tumor (35.3%), and followed by benign giant cell tumor (11.8%). 3. Excluding metastatic bone tumor, osteogenic sarcoma was the most frequently encountered malignant bone tumor (46.0%), and followed by chondrosarcoma (16.1%). 4. The most common site of solitary osteochondroma was around knee joint including the distal femur and the proximal tibia in 15 cases (45.5%). The peak age incidence was in the second decade of life and 43 cases were solitary and 11 cases were multiple lesion. 5. In 15 cases of enchondroma, 10 cases were solitary and 5 cases were multiple lesions. The common site was phalanges of the hand. 6. Giant cell tumor was 26 eases and to be divided into pathologically Grade I & II 18 cases (69%) and Grade III 8 cases (31%). 7. The average age of giant cell tumor was 33.8 years with the peak incidence in the third and forth decade of life. 8. The common sites of giant cell tunior were the distal femur in 8 cases and proximal tibial in 4 cases and distal radius in 6 cases. More than half of these series, the tumor occurred around the knee. 9. The sex distribution of chondrosarcoma showed 4 times of the male predominence. The 2 cases of secondary chondrosarcoma arose from osteochondroma and multiple osteochondromatosis. 10. The average age of osteogenic sarcoma was 25. 5 years with the peak incidence in the second decade of life. 11. The sex distribution of osteogenic sarcoma 42 males (77.8%) and 12 females (22.2%), a male predominance. 12. The common sites of osteogenic sarcoma were distal femur and the proximal tibia and proximal humerus in 42 cases (77.8%). 13. In metastatic bone tumor, male was predominent; 90 males (60.4%) and 59 females (39.6%), and common primary site of cancer included stomach (13.4%), lung (12.8%), breast (6.0%), liver (4.7%) and female genital organ (4.7%). 14. The most common sites of metastatic tumor to bone was spine in 46.3%, and followed by pelvis, ribs, femur and skull.
Bone Cysts ; Breast ; Cartilage ; Chondroma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary ; Female ; Femur ; Fibroma ; Genitalia ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Hand ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma ; Osteochondroma ; Osteosarcoma ; Pelvis ; Radius ; Reticulum ; Ribs ; Sex Distribution ; Skull ; Spine ; Stomach ; Tibia

Fat embolism is a condition in which fat appears in the circulating blood, not in the fine emulsion of a metabolic lipemia, but in droplets large enough to occlude arterioles and capillaries. It may occur as a complication of fracture, particularly multiple fractures of the long bones, pelvis, and ribs.. Since Zenker described the first case of fat embolism in 1862 there has never been a reliable diagnostic test for this condition. Lipid changes in the blood and demonstration of macroglobules could be used as aids for early post- traumatic fat embolism syndrome. The purpose of the present,study was to analyze the blood lipid changes in the fracture and to determine their value in the early detection of fat embolism syndrome. Twenty-three patients with at least one diaphyseal fracture of the lower extremity or a pelvic and spine fracture were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 30.3 years. Men outnumbered women by a ratio of 2.9:1. Nineteen of the patients were injured in traffic accidents, two patients in fall, and one in the industrial accident. Ten volunteers were used for the control studies, nine men and one woman. Their mean age was 22.8 years. For determination of blood lipids blood sample was taken from cubital vein. The flrst blood sample was taken from tbe patients less than 2 hours after the iniury, and the later samples were obtained respectively in 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours, and 7 days after injury. The samples were centrifuged immediately (2,500 rpm, 4 min.). After centrifugation, each sample of plasma or serum was divided into two aliquots. The one aliquot was studied without flltering and the other was filtered through 8 microns millipore filter (Watmann No. 40. filter paper). Determination of triglyceride, cholesterol, and phospsolipids in blood was made from the unfiltered aliquot and from the other filtrate. Two groups were formed for comparission of the results; 1) Fracture Group; 2) Non-fracture Group as control. The triglycerides was determined using the technic of the micromethod of Van Handel and Elversmith, and the cholesterol was determined by the technic of Rosenthals color reagent method. For the determination of phospholipids Youngburg, modified method was used of The results of the study lead us to conclude that: 1. The triglycerides, cholesterol, phosphollpids fractions in the unflltered allquot was slightly higher than those of the filtrate. 2. Less than two hours after injury the triglycerides concentration in blood of fracture group was similar to the concentrations of the controls. But the triglycerides and macroglobule concentration in 12 and 24 hours after fracture were higher than those of the control group. 3. The average concentration of blood cholesterol level in fracture group was slightly higher than the control. Especially the serum concentrations of cholesterol in 12, and 24 hours after fracture were much higher than those of the controls. Statistically significant differences between the groups were observed. 4. The average phospholipids concentration in fracture patients was slightly higher than the average phospholipids concentration of the control but no significant differences between the groups were observed. 5. As to the total lipids, the average concentration of fracture group was little bit higher than the concentration of the control. There was no statistical differences between the fracture and the control group. 6. The concentrations of the total lipids gradually increased after 40 years of age. 7. The concentration of total serum lipids was increased in femoral fracture in site, and in multiple fractures than single fracture.
Accidents, Occupational ; Accidents, Traffic ; Arterioles ; Capillaries ; Centrifugation ; Cholesterol ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Embolism, Fat ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Fractures, Multiple ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Methods ; Micropore Filters ; Pelvis ; Phospholipids ; Plasma ; Ribs ; Spine ; Triglycerides ; Veins ; Volunteers