The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the fit of denture bases processed by injection pressing technic using laser scanner of reverse engineering technic. The auther duplicated 20 maxillary edentulous models and 20 mandibular edentulous models, which were scanned on HYSCAN 45C 3D SCANNER(Hymarc Co., Canada). The scanned data was stored in the personal computer using SURFACER (Imageware Co., U.S.A.) software program. After 40 dentures were cured by PERform Inkovac system. SR-Ivocap system, Palajet system, and Sulfon system, they were stored in water at room temperature for 24 hours. The dentures were scanned on HYSCAN 45C 3D SCANNER(Hymarc Co. Canada). The scanned data were stored in the personal computer using SURFACER (Imageware Co., U.S.A) software program. By overlapping two images using the same program, the fit between two surfaces was scaled by positive and negative errors. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In the upper denture, most of the positive errors occurred on the lingual side of anterior alveolar ridge and the negative errors were on the flange of denture bases. 2. In the lower denture, most of the positive errors occurred on the inner side of lingual flange and the negative errors were on the border of anterior labial flange areas. 3. There were no statistical differences among the positive errors of the four types of inject-ion denture curing methods and also no statistical differences between negative errors except only in negative maximum errors. 4. In PRERform system and SR-Ivocap system, they have the tendency of inaccurate fit lower denture bases comparing to that of upper denture bases. 5. The negative error scales were greater than the positive error scales in all types of inject-ion denture curing methods.
Alveolar Process ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Microcomputers ; Water ; Weights and Measures

The authors studied 54 patients (55 cases) of femoral shaft fractures treated by compression plate fixation and IM nailing from August 1986 to December 1991. The purpose of this study is to analyse comparatively the radiological and clinical results between the compression plate fixation and IM nailing in femoral shaft fracture of adult. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Among the 54 patients, the ratio of male and female was 44: 10, and the highest in cidence of age was between 3rd and 4th decades. 2. The main cause of injury was traffic accident in 38 cases. 3. The most common fracture type was B1-② in ten cases by AO-ASIF classification. 4. The mean duration of union was 13 weeks in compression plate fixation by the Koostra's criteria and the average 23 weeks in IM nailing by the Bjorens criteria. 5. The clinical result according to Margerl et al, was good in 25 cases (80.6%) with compression plate fixation and good in 20 cases (83.3%) with intramedullary fixation. 6. Complications of compression plate fixation were metal failure in 2 cases and deep wound infection in 1 case, and 1 case of femur neck fracture during operation and 1 case of metal failure in intramedullary fixation.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Classification ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Male ; Wound Infection

Mutation of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene in exons 4 through 9 was examined in 34 cases of primary advanced gastric cancer using PCR-SSCP (polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism) and the results were compared with p53 protein expression as determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a monoclonal antibody(DO-1). p53 protein detected by IHC was observed in 14 cases (41.2%) and genotypic mutation detected by PCR-SSCP in exons 4-9 was observed in 13 cases (38.2%) One case showed an aberrant band on PCR-SSCP both in Exon 7 and Exon 8/9. p53 alteration detected by either IHC or PCR-SSCP was observed in 19 cases (55.9%), but only 8 cases (23.5%) showed both p53 mutation and protein expression. We also tried to obtain the correlation between relative intensity of the shifted bands on PCR-SSCP and percentage of positive cells by IHC, but a significant correlation was not seen between relative intensity of shifted bands on PCR-SSCP and positve cell ratio. A discrepancy between p53 protein expression and p53 mutation is observed in primary gastric carcinomas. The reason for this discrepancy are not apparent. However, examination of gastric carcinomas for mutations in other exons may identify a better correlation with protein overexpression. The results obtained in this study suggest that the negative reaction for p53 immunohistochemistry may not necessarily mean no genetic alteration of the p53 locus.
Exons ; Immunohistochemistry* ; Stomach Neoplasms

Commonly used internal devices to fix the stable and unstable intertrochanteric fractures are fixed nail plate (Jewett nail, Holt nail), sliding nail plate (compression hip screw) and intramedullary device (Ender, Harris nail). The choice of internal device is influenced by the general coditions of patients, the pattern of fracture and the personal preference of surgeon. There are many reports that sliding nail plate appears to give better result than fixed nail plate because the latter device leads to high failure rate. Twenty nine unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with Jewett nail plate (group I) and sliding compression hip screw (group II) between 1981 and 1988 were reviewed after minimal twelve months follow up. Group I comprised of fourteen cases, Group II, of fifteen. There were seventeen males and twelve females. The ages ranged from thirty-two to seventy-eight years, the average age being 57.8 years. Eighteen cases were caused by slip down; eight, traffic accident; and three, fall down. The average operation time was 124 minutes in group I and 148 minutes in group II. The average amout of blood loss was 1024cc in group I and 1040cc in group II. The average time to union was 13 weeks in group I and 12.9 weeks in group II. In Jewett nail plate fixed group, there were three complication; one coxa vara, and superior migration of nail, and one subcapital fracture and one superficial wound infection. In sliding compression hip screw group, one was complicated with coxa vara. Above results suggest that the use of Jewett nail plate in unstable intertrochanteric fracture could be got good results with method using compression hip screw.
Accidents, Traffic ; Coxa Vara ; Female ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Fractures ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Wound Infection

Intrsneural ganglion cysts of the peroneal nerve are rare. The precise etiology and pathological changes remain obscure. We have experienced recently a case of intraneural ganglion cyst developed in the sheath of the peroneal nerve. A 28 year old male had suffered from lump producing pain over the posterolateral aspect of the upper portion of the fibula, weakness of dorsiflexion of the ankle and of extension of the toes and diminution of sensation on the dorsum of the foot. He underwent excision of the ganglion and the prognosis for recovery of function is good.
Ankle ; Fibula ; Foot ; Ganglion Cysts ; Humans ; Male ; Peroneal Nerve ; Prognosis ; Recovery of Function ; Sensation ; Toes

The authors have experienced a case of incompatible blocd transfusion during general anesthesia, which was mostly due to technical error, lack of knowledgeoble handling and universal doncr "0" type blood.
Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Transfusion*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Esophageal Atresia* ; Fistula* ; Humans

To evaluate the detection of HPV DNA according to subtype of lesions of uterine cervix and its clinical applicability, in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry for HPV were performed in 189 cases of uterine cervical lesion, including 23 cases of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), 115 cases of high grade SIL and 51 cases of invasive carcinoma. Positive immunostaining, brown precipitate, was mainly noted in the nucleus of koilocytes in the superficial and intermediate layer. Positivity of immunostaining was 21.7% in low grade SIL, 13.0% in high grade SIL and 9.8% in invasive carcinoma. Positive reaction in ISH, red precipitate, was noted in the nucleus of not only koilocytes but also non-koilocytes in the superficial and intermediate layer, and dot precipitate was rarely identified in the nest of squamous cell carcinoma. Based on HPV subtype, 6/11 was 21.7% in low grade SIL, 16/18 was 32.2% and 39.2% in high grade SIL and invasive carcinoma, respectively. With regard to their associated HPV types, low grade SILs were heterogeneous and high grade SILs and invasive carcinomas were related with the high oncogenic risk group only. The correlation of HPV subtypes with panHPV was 91.3% in low grade SIL, 91.3% in high grade SIL and 98.0% in invasive carcinoma. These results suggest that detection of HPV infection by ISH may be a more useful method than immunohistochemistry and application of the HPV subtype probe with the panHPV probe could improve the sensitivity of ISH.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervix Uteri* ; DNA ; Female ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry* ; In Situ Hybridization*

Traumatic dislocation of the knee is an uncommon but serious injury associated with extensive soft tissue damage and the danger of neurological and vascular involvement. During the periods from September 1983 to September 1992, we had experienced 21 cases of the traumatic dislocation of knee at the Guro and Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine. The results obtained from this study were as follows ; 1. The age of initial dislocation varied from 11 to 79 years with the average of 32. 8 years and the ratio of male to female was 20: 1. 2. Dislocations were classified into 5 types which were anterior in 9, posterior in 4, medial in 1, lateral in 4 and rotatory in 2 cases and also unclassified in 1 case. 3. Causes of the injury were traffic accident in 9, sports injury in 7, fall down in 4 and industriai injury was 1 case. 4. Complications of traumatic dislocation of the knee included popliteal artery rupture in 3, compartment syndrome in 2 and peroneal nerve palsy in 4 cases. 5. All of ligamentous injuries were repaired and augmented except 2 cases which were treated conservating 10-14 days after trauma and all of the cases of arterial injuries were repaired with an autogenous vein graft. 6. Results were excellent 3, good 12, fair 4, and poor 2 cases by Marvin classification at the average 27 months after operation. 7. Prompt completion of vascular repair is critical to avoid amputation and also operative repair of injured ligaments seems to be good method to yield good results with the improved stability.
Accidents, Traffic ; Amputation ; Athletic Injuries ; Classification ; Compartment Syndromes ; Dislocations ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Knee ; Korea ; Ligaments ; Male ; Methods ; Paralysis ; Peroneal Nerve ; Popliteal Artery ; Rupture ; Transplants ; Veins

Operative internal fixation of femoral fractures is widely accepted as the best method of treatment but the techniques are by no means devoid of complications, nor are they simple to execute. A method of treatment must be based on the analysis of the :"personality of the fracture", that is, the nature of the fracture and of patient. Mechanical failure such as metal failure, loosening of screw or nail after internal fixation, residual deformity, and nonunion, may impose serious problems on the surgeon and patient unless treatment is appropriate. The authors analyzed 14 mechanical failures of internal fixation in 12 femoral fractures from Dec. 1987 to Aug. 1992 in the department of orthopedic surgery, Ansan Hospital Korea University to study the possible cause of mechanical failure of internal fixation and pursue the way of reducing that complications and obtained the following results. 1. Eleven were males and one was female, most of them were in age of active life. 2. The level of fractures in 12 femorals were subtrochanteric in two, shaft in nine and supracondylar in one. 3. The time interval between internal fixation and failure in 10 failures was 5.5 months on average(range, 3month to 11months). It was uncertain in 4 failures. 4. Mechanical failure were presented as breakage in five plates, loosening of screw in five plates, loosening of screw in two DCP fixation, loosening of nail in one interlocking nail, bending of nail in one Kuntscher nail, one breakage and one bending in two condylar buttres plates, and cutting-out of hip screw in three compression hip screw. 5. The causes of failure were presumed to be improper surgical technique in 7 failures, inadequate selection of internal fixatives in 5 failures, and inadequate postoperative care in 1 case.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Fixatives ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Postoperative Care