We studied the incidence and morphological variation of the metopic suture in Korean. Ninety-six adult Korean dried skulls and 141 cases of antero-posterior skull roentgenograms from age of 1 month to 80years old. We divided metopic suture into complete and incomplete type. Incidence of complete type was 8.3% in dried skulls. In roentgenograms the incidence was decreased according to aging, especially around 6-8 years old, and over 20 years old age group the incidence was 4.0%. The incidence of incomplete type was 32.3%.
Adult ; Aging ; Humans ; Incidence ; Skull ; Sutures*

Enlargement of bone tunnels has been noted on plain X-rays following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. The cause of this widening is unclear, but it has been hypothesized that it may be due to either mechanical or biological cases. Ishibashi et al. reported anatomical proximal fixation resulted in the most stable reconstructed knee, with increasing instability as the level of fixation moved away from the tibial plateau. The purpose of this study is to determine if any difference exists in the amount of enlargement of the femoral tunnel following arhotoscopic ACL reconstruction with position of interference screw fixation and instability, and to know the factors which affected to the enlargement of the femoral tunnels. Total 39 patients were retrospectively reviewed for tunnel measurements radiologically at one year post-operation. (27 patients received bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft, 12 patients received bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft and Kennedy LAD-ligament augmentation device). The surgery was performed using an arthroscopic single and double incision technique. AP and lateral X-rays were obtained and the tunnels were measured by two independent observers using a digital caplper. The measurements were made at the widest part of the tunnel. Correction for magnification was performed by comparing the measured width of the interference screw used for fixation of the graft with its actual width. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) and t-test. 1. Radiographic tunnel enlargement of femoral side was average 2.42 mm (bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft : 2.36 mm, Kennedy-LAD and autograft : 2.56 mm)(p>0.05). 2. According to the position of the interference screw, the femoral tunnel enlargement were 2.25 mm in anatomical fixation, 2.40 mm in mid-tunnel fixation, 2.62 mm in mid-tunnel fixation, 2.62 mm in outer-tunnel fixation(p < 0.05). 3. The femoral enlargement according to the overall results(Clancy, 1982) were 2.39 mm in above good result group and 2.50 mm in below fair result group(p < 0.05). Tunnel enlargement group of femoral side was related to a distance between femoral articular surface and the position of interference screw. We conclude that femoral tunnel enlargement following arthoscopic bone tendon-bone ACL reconstruction is related to the mechanical effect rather than the properties of grafts and the clinical results.
Autografts ; Humans ; Knee ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass*

No abstract available.
Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Humans* ; Mucins*

No abstract available.
Eosinophils* ; Skin Diseases*

The spinal fusion is used for correcting malformations, stabilizing unstable segments, and suppressing the progression of disease, but it causes more load on the adjacent segment and as a result, the degenerative changes accelerate. Furthermore, the accelerated changes case spinal stenosis, degradation of nucleus pulposus, degenerative spondylolisthesis, acquired isthmus defect, and arthritis of articular facet, it rarely needs surgical treatment. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of the fusion level and range on the adjacent segment, to be a standard for determining the fusion range prior to operation, and to help to find the complication like degenerative changes by measuring the range of motion on the adjacent segment after the spinal fusion. Authors analyzed the result of 29 cases of posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion which were operated from February 1989 and January 1994. The intervertebral angle was measured on the flexion and extension lateral radiographs, and the calculated angular motion and sagittal plane rotation at follow-up periods were compared with those of preoperative values. The results were as follows; 1. Among the adjacent segm0ent, the increment of angular motion of superior adjacent segment was 2.6°(-5°~15°) which was higher than that of inferior one with 1.5°(-3°~7°) 2. The increment of angular motion of superior adjacent segment for 1 segment rather than 2 or 3 segments was more than two times with 3.9°(-2°~15°) 3. Regardless of level and range of fusion, the increment of angular motion was 3.0°(-2°~8°) on 4.5th lumbar segment which was increased mostly and 1.5°(-3°~7°) on 5th lumbar and 1st sacral segment which was increased leastly. 4. There were 3 cases showed instability at the superior adjacent segment and no cases showed instability at the inferior adjacent segment among all the cases showing stability prior to operations. In conclusion, the sagittal plane rotation was increased in adjacent segment after posterolateral spine fusion. So, we would recommend that the adjacent segment is very important to the decision of fusion extent and level.
Arthritis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spinal Fusion ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis

Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (THAE) is one of the treatment modalities that can be applied to hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and metastatic tumors of the liver. Complications such as cholecystitis and gallbladder necrosis, are common with THAE, but liver and peripheral bile duct necrosis are rare, and intrahepatic stones with main bile duct necrosis have never been reported. To prevent intrahepatic spread during operative manupulation and to decrease the vascularity and size of the tumor, we performed a THAE on a huge-sized HCC five times before performing the hepatectomy. We succesfully undertook a right lobectomy after the THAE with lipiodol, gelform, and adriamycin. However, severe bile duct stricture and intrahepatic stones were confirmed during the operation.
Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cholecystitis ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Doxorubicin ; Ethiodized Oil ; Gallbladder ; Hepatectomy ; Liver ; Necrosis

Cutaneous horn is the clinical term for a circumscribed, conical, markedly hyperkeratotic lesion. We report a case of cutaneous horn occuring on the face in a 81 year old women. An about 1.2 X1.3 cm sized dark brownish conical horn was developed on her face 1 year before. Histopathologic findings showed marked hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, and papillornatosis of the epidermis, and some cells of straturn mslpighii showed pleornorphism and nuclesr atypis. This case was considered to be cutaneous horn arising from actinic keratosis, and we performed minimal local excision.
Actins* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Epidermis ; Female ; Horns* ; Humans ; Keratosis, Actinic* ; Parakeratosis

The authors investigsted the effects of azelaic acid on human melanoma cells (G 361 melanoma cell line) and cultured normal melanocytes obtained from the prepuce of newborn. The results were as follows : 1. The proliferation of melanoma cells was decreased, but not in a dose-and time- ependent fashion. The cell population of melanoma cells after 2, 4, and 6 days of culture was decreased to 3.80 x 10(5)cells/well, 4.55 x 10(5)cells/well, and 4.30 X 10(5)cells/ well, respectively, in the presence of 10(-2)M azelaic acid. The proliferation of mormal elanocytes of normal melanocytes was decreased in a dose-dependent, but not in a time-dependent fashion. The cell population of normal melanocytes after 2, 4, and 6 days of culture was significantly decreased to 6.38 x 10(5)+/-1.37 x 10(5) cells/well, 5.33 x 10(5)+/-0.73x10(5) cells/well, and 7.20x10(5)+/-1,11 x10(5)cells/well, respectively, in the presence of 10(-2) M azelaic acid(p<0,05, p<0.01). 2. A dose-and time-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis was not found in either group. However, DNA synthesis in melanoma cells was decreased to 92710+5188 CPM, 16268+/-15S5 CPM, 8518+/-996 CPM, respectively, after 2, 4, and 6 days of culture, and in normal melanocytes was decreased to 9398+/-2279 CPM(p>0.05) and 6953+/-1217 CPM (p<0.05) after 4 and 6 days of culture in the prensence of 10(-2) Mazelaic acid, 3. There was no difference in melanin content per well at various concentrations in either group, but the melanin content per individual melanocyte of the melanoma cells was increased to 0.0303 ng/cell, 0.0253 ng/cell, and 0.0377 ng/cell, respectively, and that of normal melanocytes was signifieantly increased to 0.0754+/-0.0215 ng/cell, 0.0719+/-0.0144 ng/cell(p<0.05), and 0.1089+/-0.0185 ng/cell(p<0.05), respectively, after 2, 4, and 6 days of culture in the presence of 10(-2) M azelaic acid.
DNA ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Melanins ; Melanocytes* ; Melanoma

We report a case of multiple xanthogranuloma occurring ori the scalp in a 33 years old wornan. Multiple yellowish papules were developed on her scalp 3 months ago. Histopathologic findings showed massive granulomatous infiltrations of foamy histiocytes Touton giant cells in the dermis, and these cells were positive for lipid stain. This case was considered to be multiple xanthogranuloma in an adult, and treated by sur- gical excision.
Adult* ; Dermis ; Giant Cells ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Scalp