No abstract available.
Catheterization, Central Venous* ; Central Venous Catheters*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop health education program components for early childhood and to investigate teachers' awareness of the importance of health education and their performance rate of health education. METHODS: Early childhood health education program components were developed using two rounds of the Delphi method. The Delphi group consisted of 21 experts in childhood education. After health education program components were developed, they were used in surveying child care teachers' awareness of importance and performance rate and 151 teachers sampled from 30 child care centers participated in the survey. RESULTS: The early childhood health education program components consisted of 5 areas, 16 subjects and 33 specific contents. Early childhood teachers' awareness of importance was over 4.5 points in all the areas and in 11 out of the 16 subjects. The most frequently educated subjects were 'the importance of hand washing' and the least frequently educated subject was 'obesity prevention'. The teachers' awareness of importance and their performance rate of specific contents were high in 'maintaining order' and 'using children's rides safely,' and low in 'obesity prevention' and 'infectious disease prevention.' CONCLUSION: The components of this health program were developed in consideration of field feasibility and the relationship of health program education in elementary, middle and high school.
Child ; Child Care ; Education ; Hand ; Health Education* ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the relationship between the level of emotional labor and occupational job stress of hospital nursing staff. METHODS: The survey was conducted from Mar. to Oct. 2009 to collect data from clinical nurses (N=496). RESULTS: The study showed that nurses without religion and those working in big-sized hospitals had higher scores in emotional labor, and those of 26~30 years old felt the highest stress in the occupational role. The same applied to the married, more work experienced, atheist and those working in big-sized hospitals. Unmarried, under educated nurses with less work experience working in the big-sized hospitals showed higher scores in personal strain. The scores of the personal resources depended on religion, work experience, marital status and position of their jobs. Emotional labor was positively correlated with an occupational role and personal strain, respectively, but the emotional labor, occupational role and personal strain were negatively correlated with personal resources respectively. CONCLUSION: Intervention program is required to reduce overload of nurse's role and to relieve physical and psychological strains of the under-30-age-group. Also, social support and rational/cognitive coping must be reinforced.
Humans ; Marital Status ; Nurse's Role ; Nursing Staff, Hospital ; Single Person ; Sprains and Strains

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of C-reactive protein and fetal fibronectin for patients with preterm labor and intact mxmbranes. STUDY DESIGN: The study group was comprised of sixty patients who presented to the Taegu Fatima Hospital between 24-36 gestational weeks who had a diagnosis of preterm labor. The study group underwent assay of C-reactive protein in the matemal serum, and fetal fibronectin from the external os and posterior fomix of the vagina by means of polyester fiber swabs. The study group was categorized to four groups according to the results of CRP and fetal fibronectin, that is 28 cases of CRP(-)/fetal fibronectin(-); group I, 12 cases of CRP(+)/fetal fibronectin (-); groupII, 9 cases of CRP(-)/fetal fibronectin(+); groupIII, 11 cases of CRP(+)/fetal fibronectin(+): grouplV, and the controls were 12 women without preterm labor. Outcome measures were occurrence of preterm delivery, the admission-to-delivery interval, matemal age and parity, fetal body weight, 1min/5min Apgar score, perinatal morbidity and mortality etc. Statistical analyses were performed by means of ANOVA test and Dunnett's t-test. RESULTS: The prevalence of study group were group I 46.7%, group II 20%, group III 15% and group IV 18.3%. There were no significant difference of matemal age, parity and gestational weeks at admission between study group and control group, but in all study group the admission to delivery interval was significantly shorter than that of control group. Analysis indicated also no significant difference of maternal hemoglobin between study group and conuol group but white blood cell count of group II and IV were significantly higher than that of control group. In perinatal outcomes, the mean birth weight and 1 minute Apgar score of study group except group I were significantly lower than those of control group but 5minutes Apgar score was lower only in group IV compared with control group. Perinatal morbidity and mortality of study group were higher than those of control group except group I. This study group was designed to compare the diagnostic performance of cervical fibronectin and of the serum CRP levels. The sensitivity and specificity of fetal fibronectin as a test to predict of preterm labor were 80% and 90%, which were slightly higher than those of CRP(70%, 78%). CONCLUSION: Both positive cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin and positive C-reactive protein in women with preterm uterine contraction can help identify the pregnancies at risk and to select proper management protocol.
Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; C-Reactive Protein ; Daegu ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Weight ; Fibronectins ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Membranes* ; Mortality ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Parity ; Polyesters ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Contraction ; Vagina

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Lymphoma*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Ligaments*

There are some errors in the published article. The authors would like to make corrections in the original version of the article.

62 cases of the fracture of the pelvis admitted to the orthpedic department of Wonju Christian Hospital during past 5 years from 1975 to 1979 were reviewed and clinical results were obtained as follows: 1. Males were frequent than females and almost 3rd to 4th decades of life. 2. The causes of injury were traffic accident, coal minor accident, and falling. 3. Stable type is the most common in this series and among the unstable types, lateral compression type is the most common and then straddle type and vertical shear type. 4. The most common complication is uro-genital injury. 5. The residual complications at the end of treatment remained in some cases, Arthritis of sacroiliac joint, Impotence, Urethral stricture, Low back pain, etc. 6. All of the cases were treated conservatively and their results were somewhat good except 4 cases. 7. Surgical treatment would be considered, if necessory, to decrease the complications and reduce hospital days.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Arthritis ; Coal ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Pelvic Bones ; Pelvis ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Urethral Stricture

No abstract available in English.
Dislocations ; Knee Joint ; Knee

PURPOSE: High frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is used to support infants with severe respiratory failure unresponsive to conventional ventilation (CV). We reviewed chest radiographs before and after HFOV with clinical correlation in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). METHODS: Eighteen very low birth weight infants with RDS who had HFOV were included in this study. All patients were diagnosed as having RDS clinically and radiologically. Mean gestational age of infants was 27 weeks (range : 24-31 weeks). The mean duration of HFOV was 3 days (range : 14 hours-9 days). The chest radiographs of these infants within 3 hours before and after application of HFOV were retrospectively reviewed. Radiological findings based on aeration and parenchymal densities were classified into improved, no change, and progressed. Medical records were reviewed for FiO2 levels, clinical outcomes, complications, and causes of death. RESULTS: In 15 of 18 infants, aeration and parenchymal densities were improved and FiO2 levels were also improved after HFOV. Four of these 15 infants who showed improvement of radiological findings developed pneumothorax, sepsis, pulmonary or intestinal bleeding, and subsequently died. In remaining 3 infants in whom chest radiographs after HFOV showed no interval change or progression, oxygenation was also worsened and all died. CONCLUSION: Chest radiographs of HFOV-treated, very low birth weight infants showed improvement of aeration and parenchymal densities in most cases. Clinical outcome was good in infants who showed improvement on chest radiographs compared to those of progression group as far as there was no associated complication. Knowledge of radiological changes after HFOV will help in interpretation of chest radiographs in those HFOV-treated infants.
Cause of Death ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight* ; Medical Records ; Oxygen ; Pneumothorax ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Ventilation*