No abstract available.
Epithelial Cells* ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Mucous Membrane*

No abstract available.
Cor Triatriatum*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Foramen Ovale, Patent*

BACKGROUND: Propafenone is a new class Ic antiarrhythmic compound.This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of propafenone by double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized cross-over comparison of propafenone and disopyramide in patients with stable ventricular ectopy. METHODS: All patients were included in the study if they had an average of at least 30 PVC/hr on a 24-hour Holter recordings. During the 1st 7 days, two placebo tablets(identical in apperance to the propafenone and the disopyramide tablets) were administrated in a double-blind manner(run-in period). Then 1st treatment period lasting 1 week with one verum and the other placebo, wish-out period of 3 day,2nd treatment period lasting 1 week with cross-over drugs were followed. RESULTS: Twenty patients were enrolled. During the run-in period, VPCs were reduced to 18%, compared to the baseline data before the administration of placebo.During the treatment period,propafenone 600mg/day reduced VPCs by 43% and disopyramide 400mg/day reduced VPCs by -10% Propafenone was effective(80% or greater reduction of VPCs) in 7 of 20 patients. Disopyramide was not effective in all patients. Propafenone and disopyramide produced no significant change of paired VPCs and VT events. Propafenone had no effect on heart rate. It increased the PR interval(7.9%;p<0.01) and QRS interval(5.2%;p<0.01). The drug did not change QTc interval(-1.1%) significantly. There were no cardiovascular side effects. Propafenone produced nausea in one patient. Disopyramide produced dysuria in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Propafenone was more effective in controlling VPC than disopyramide, and there was no major limiting side effects.
Cross-Over Studies* ; Disopyramide* ; Dysuria ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Nausea ; Propafenone* ; Ventricular Premature Complexes*

BACKGROUND: Color Doppler echocardiography is sensitive in detecting mitral regurgitation and useful in quantitating its severity. The presence of an eccentric regurgitant jet suggests that regurgitation is caused by prolapsing or flail leaflet of mitral valve. Until recently the direction of regurgitant jet in mitral valve prolapse has been examined in a single(parasternal short axis view) or orthogonal plane using color Doppler echocardiography, and few in the apical rotation method of a transducer. The purpose of this study was to clarify the usefullness of the apical rotation method of a transducer in detection of the direction of mitral regurgitant jet and diagnosis of the sites of mitral valve prolapse. METHODS: Twenty four patients(8 men and 16 women, mean age:47.3+/-18.8 years) with mitral valve prolapse with eccentric regurgitant jet were examined by two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiograply using conventional parasternal long and short axis views, and four apical longitudinal planes(four chamber, vertical, two chamber and transverse views) obtained by the apical retation method of a transducer. RESULTS: Thirty one regurgitant jets were detected in twenty four patients, eighteen patients had anterior, nine patints posterior, and three patients bi-leaflet(anterior and posterior) prolapse. In eighteen patients with anterior leaflet prolapse, ten had medial, eight had middle, three had lateral, and three had two portions(two, medial and middle; one, middle and lateral) prolapse. In nine patients with posterior leaflet prolapse, five had medial, three had middle, two had lateral, and one had two(medial and middle) scallop prolapse. CONCLUSION: Color Doppler echocardiography by the apical rotation method of transducer is useful in assessment of the site of prolapse in patients with mitral valve prolapse with eccentric regurgitation.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Prolapse* ; Mitral Valve* ; Pectinidae ; Prolapse* ; Transducers*

No abstract available.
Acute Coronary Syndrome* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention*

Breast conserving surgery (BCS) with radiation therapy (RT) has been considered an alternative to a radical mastectomy in the surgical treatment of early breast cancer. Breast-conserving therapy (BCT) can achieve a more favorable cosmetic outcome than a mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer. However, it is widely recognized that RT following BCS is an impediment to improve the cosmetic outcome of a BCT-treated breast. If the local recurrence (LR) rate is acceptable and LR can be controlled with salvage surgery, an appropriate conservative surgical procedure without RT will be a reasonable option for some patients with early breast cancer. Between 1990 and 1996, 60 patients were enrolled in a retrospective study to examine whether or not RT could be avoided following conservative surgery in patients with early breast cancer. There was no significant difference in local recurrence rate between the RT and the non-RT groups (6.3% vs 10.7%). The characteristics of suitable BCS without RT would be negative axillary lymph-node metastasis, low nuclear grade, a 1 cm negative resection margin and no lymphatic vessel involvement. In conclusion, breast-conserving surgery without RT is a reasonable option for some patients with early breast cancer.
Animals ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cicatrix ; Colon* ; Colon, Transverse ; Colorectal Surgery ; Defecation ; Fibrosis ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Humans ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Mastectomy ; Mastectomy, Radical ; Mastectomy, Segmental* ; Methods ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Rectum ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Swine ; Telangiectasis ; Tensile Strength

Bilateral breast cancer is not a common clinical problem, and its occurance is not suprising in this paired organ. Bilateral breast cancer is categorized as synchronous or metachronous. We propose to evaluate clinical and biological characteristics in bilateral breast cancer. Previous cancer in one breast is the strongest known risk factor for cancer to develop in the second breast, and a young age at dignosis of a breast cancer and lobular type of tumor are additional risk factors related to bilaterality. Seventeen cases of bilateral breast cancer have been admitted to the department of General surgery, Samsung Cheil general Hospital from 1980 till 1995. We report the analysis of these cases with the references. The incidence of bilateral breast cancer among all case of total breast cancer was 2.1%(17/827). Synchronous breast cancer was 3 cases(0.4%) and metachronous breast cancer was 14cases (1.7%). The median age was 41 years. The mean age at diagnosis of the primary tumor in the metachronous group was 40 years. Among metachronous cases, the mean interval between the treatment of the primary cancer and the detection of secondary cancer was 37months. The clinical stage was 0-I in 12%, II in 50%, III in 32%, and IV in 6% of tumors. The majority of patients (88%) were clinically node positive. Out of a total of 34 tumors, the clinical tumor size Tis-T1 in 8 tumors, T2 in 21 tumors, and T3 in 5 tumors. Histopathologic type of the pimary tumor was the same with the second in 70%(12/17). The location of secondary breast cancer was in the upper outer quadrant in 9 cases, and in the upper medial quadrant of breast in 2 cases. The premenopausal primary cancer was in 50% of the patients, and postmenopausal primary cancer was in 50% of patients for whom this information was available. Median survival period was 57 months, and 5 year survival rate was 80%. Bilateral breast cancers have similar biological features to unilateral breast cancer more freqently than would be predicted by chance alone. The similarity in clinical aspects of unilateral and bilateral breast cancers should be considered in clinical management of patients with breast cancer. Further investigation is required to know these similaritics and differences between unilateral and bilateral breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Population Characteristics ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study are to introduce an intranasal repair technique of nasal septal perforation using a free composite graft of the auricular cartilage and the temporalis muscle fascia and to determine its efficacy by evaluating the treatment outcome. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Nine symptomatic patients (7 males and 2 females, aged 23 to 66 years) with nasal septal perforation were included in this study. They were all refractory to conservative treatments and they underwent surgery. Preoperative symptoms, etiology, size and location of septal perforations, and postoperative improvement of symptoms and perforations were retrospectively evaluated with a mean follow-up period of 21.7 months. RESULTS: Preoperative symptoms included nasal obstruction, crust formation, rhinorrhea, epistaxis and foul odor. Septal perforation was assumed to have resulted in three patients from septal surgery, trauma and idiopathic causes, respectively. In all patients, the perforation size was 20 mm or less (mean: 12.2x8.4 mm) in diameter and located at the cartilagenous portion, not near the nasal dorsum. The perforations were completely repaired in 6 of 9 patients after surgery. Perforations of 1 and 3 mm in diameter remained in 2 and 1 of the 3 patients showing incomplete closure, respectively. However, clinical symptoms disappeared in 8 of 9 (88.9%) patients, postoperatively. CONCLUSION: This technique may be an effective method for the repair of nasal septal perforation when the perforation is not located near the nasal dorsum and that its size is 20 mm or less in diameter, as the technique offers a cosmetic advantage and produces a satisfactory postoperative outcome by obviating difficulty in intranasal suture.
Ear Cartilage* ; Epistaxis ; Fascia* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nasal Septal Perforation* ; Nasal Septum ; Odors ; Retrospective Studies ; Sutures ; Temporal Muscle ; Transplants* ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Mitral valve prolapse(MVP) is now recognized as noe of the most common cardiovascular disorders, particularly in young women with a slender body habitus. However, there is little clinical information about young men with mitral valve prolapse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical and echocardiographic characteristics of young men about 20 years old with mitral valve prolapse. METHOD: Twenty young men with mitral valve prolapse(MVP graoup, mean age ; 19.9±2.4 years) and twenty healthy volunteers(control group, mean age ; 19.9±3.2 years) were examined using physical examination, chest X-ray, computed thoracic tomography and two dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: Compared with control group, MVP group had a smaller chest circumference(p < 0.001), a larger height-arm span difference(p < 0.01), smaller anteroposterior chest diameters(by chest X-ray ; p < 0.001 and computed tomography ; p < 0.01) and smaller anteroposterior/transverse chest diameter ratio(chet X-ray ; p < 0.01 and computed tomography ; p < 0.05). In MVP group, mitral regurgitation was noted 15 men(75%), those had posteriorly directed jets suggesting anterior mitral leaflet anomalies. CONCLUSION: Healthy young men having mitral valve prolapse had narrow chest and slender physical characteristics and anterior mitral leaflet abnormalities.
Clinical Study ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Prolapse ; Mitral Valve ; Physical Examination ; Thorax