No abstract available.
Fetus*

No abstract available.
Hyperplasia* ; Leishmania donovani* ; Leishmania*

No abstract available.
Hyperplasia* ; Leishmania donovani* ; Leishmania*

Twelve cases of Wilms tumor proved by histological examination are recorded and the literature is reviewed because of the paucity of the reports on this neoplasm occurring in Koreans. The average age incidence was 4.2 years; the youngest patient was 9 months of age and the oldest one was 23 years of age. Three fourths of the patients were children under three years of age. Seven were males and five were females. The incidence of Wilms tumor among all renal cancers was 57 per cent and this is much higher than that reported in the foreign literature. This high incidence may be attributed to a much higher incidence of this neoplasm among Korean infants and children. The most prominent clinical finding was abdominal swelling and a palpable mass, but fever, hypertension, irritability, hematuria and cough were other common symptoms. Hypertension was encountered in 89 per cent of the cases. The common laboratory findings were anemia, leukocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and proteinuria. Gross and microscopic findings are described. All specimens were much 1arger than the normal kidney. The largest specimen, kidney plus tumor, weighed 1,800 gm. The tumors were composed of well formed tubules. solid islands of dark staining undifferentiated cells presumably of mesoblastic origin and various elements of stromal cells. The proportion of each element varied markedly from case to case and also in different parts of the same tumor. Nests of squamous cells, some of them forming pearls, and cystic structures identical with epidermal cysts were observed in three of our 12 cases, but unequivocal striated muscle cells as well as bone or cartilage were found in none of our cases. Some nests of squamous cells observed in tubules suggested that they were derived from metaplasia of the lining epithelium.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Human ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; Nephroblastoma/*epidemiology/pathology ; Urography

A statistical survey of neoplasms collected from the files of surgical and autopsy specimens examined in the department of pathology during the 52 months preceeding August 1961, was made and the results compared with the previously reported data. The total number of specimens surveyed in this study was 7,978, among which benign neoplasms accounted for 480 cases and malignant neoplasms for 1,107. Carcinomas of the stomach and uterus occupied the highest frequency among the malignant tumors. The incidence of benign tumors of the uterus was significantly higher than that reported by others. A detailed analysis of the various data on benign and malignant tumors is listed in the tables.
Autopsy ; Incidence ; Pathology ; Stomach ; Uterus

No abstract available.
Cryopreservation* ; Humans* ; Spermatozoa*

A parallel group double-blind comparative trial was conducted to study the efficacy and safety of risperidone compared with haloperidol. After a one-week wash-out, 35 chronic schizophrenic patients (17 males, 18 females) were randomly assigned to one of two groups for eight weeks of double-blind treatment. The patients' psychopathology was assessed by means of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI). Safety assessments included the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS), the UKU Side Effect Rating Scale, vital signs, body weight, ECG and laboratory screening. Thirty-two patients completed the trial: there were 3 dropouts in the risperidone group. The results on the PANSS and CGI indicate that the mean changes from baseline on the total PANSS score and on the total BPRS score were comparable in both treatment groups. The number of patients where a clinical improvement at least 20% reduction in baseline score was also similar in both treatment groups. Risperidone caused less extrapyramidal symptoms and less side effects in UKU scale than haloperidol. No significant ECG changes were induced, no relevant changes in blood pressure or clinical laboratory parameters were observed. This study has demonstrated that the combined serotonin 5-HT2 and dopamine-D2 antagonist risperidone is an antipsychotic as potent as haloperidol. Risperidone causes less extrapyramidal symptoms, and is better tolerated than haloperidol.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Comparative Study ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Haloperidol/*therapeutic use ; Human ; Isoxazoles/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Age ; Piperidines/*therapeutic use ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy

OBJETIVE: To assess the effects of progesterone and acetyl-L-carnitine used after treated with IsolateR gradient before semen cryopreservation-thawing on sperm parameters and membrane integrity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 2001 to July 2001, ten normal male partner of couples who were visited in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics. the semens were treated with IsolateR gradient before cryopreservation, spermatozoa was incubated with progesterone (1, 5 and 10 micrometer), acetyl-L-carnitine (2.5, 5 and 10 micrometer), or both (progesterone, 1 micrometer; and acetyl-L-carnitine, 5 micrometer) for 30 min. RESULTS: There were no differences in sperm parameters and vital stain among isolate only treated group, progesterone (1, 5 and 10 micrometer), acetyl-L-carnitine (2.5, 5 and 10 micrometer) and both (progesterone, 1 micrometer; and acetyl-L-carnitine, 5 micrometer). But, in high concentration of acetyl-L-carnitine (10 micrometer) treated group, sperm parameters and vital stain were decreased. The statistical method was used ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis test) and p value was <0.01. CONCLUSIONS: Neither progesterone nor acetyl-L-carnitine show to be protective effect on the cryodamage assessed by sperm parameters and vital stain (eosin-Y stain) in normal sperm. High concentration of acetyl-L-carnitine (10 micrometer), however, was harmful effect on cryoprevention.
Acetylcarnitine* ; Cryopreservation ; Family Characteristics ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes* ; Progesterone ; Semen ; Spermatozoa*

Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in benign cystic teratoma of the ovary are reported because of the rarity of this condition. No similar cases have been recorded yet in Korean literature. Furthermore, two different co-existing malignant tumors were encountered in one of these cases; a squamous cell carcinoma arising in a benign cystic teratoma of the right ovary and a serous cystadenocarcinoma of the opposite ovary. The latter metastasized to the right ovary. Important points in diagnosis and management of this complication in the operating room are briefly discussed.

This study is concerned with a comparison of lower tibial and fibular epiphyseal growth and deformities of the ankles in normal and paralysed children. The data were based on 87 children with residual paralysis due to poliomyelitis an 20 non-paralysed children who were admitted to Severance Hospital and Sam Yook Children's Rehabilitation Center. The difference in level between the lower tibial and fibular ends and between the lower epiphysial lines of the tibia and fibula in X-rays of the ankles were measured in order to investigate the growth pattern of the lower tibio-fibular epiphysis. The difference between the level of the lower ends of the fibula was an avergage of 15.3mm in the normal and 6.2mm in paraysed children. Thus the fibular ends in paralysed limbs was an average of 9.1mm less than that of the normal. The difference between the level of the lower epiphyseal lines of the tibia and the fibula was an average of 13.7mm in normal and 5.5mm in paralysed children. Therefore, the level of the fibular epiphyseal lines in paralysed limbs was sn average of 8.2mm less than that of normal. In paralysed limbs, the lower tibial epiphyses showed lateral epical wedge shaped deformities. The tilting angle of the ankles and the wedging angle of the of the lower tibial epiphyses were measured in erder to investigate the degree of deformities of the ankles and the lower tibial epiphyses in paralysed limbs. The tilting angle of the ankles averaged 1.3° in normal and 7.6° in paralysed limbs. The wedging angle of the lower tibial epiphyses averaged 3.7° in normal and 11.5° in paralysed limbs. In paralysed children, muscle strength examination was performed to clarify the relationship between the degree of growth disturbance and the severity of the muscular paraysis. This lead us to conclude that: 1. In paralysed children, the growth disturbance of the lower fibular epiphyses was greater than that of the lower tibial epiphyses. 2. The difference of the growth disturbance between the tibial and fibular epiphyses was not due to muscle imbalance of the foot invertors and evertors but to muscle weakness. 3. In paraysed children, the shape of the lower tibial epiphyses changed to a wedge shape, a deformity which might be considered secondary to growth disturbance of the fibula. 4. In paralysed children, the lower tibial ends were tilted upward and laterally. This was thought to be the cause of valgus deformities of the ankles. 5. The relationship between the degree of muscle paralysis and the deformities of the ankles was not proved in this study.
Ankle ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Epiphyses ; Extremities ; Fibula ; Foot ; Humans ; Muscle Strength ; Muscle Weakness ; Paralysis ; Poliomyelitis ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Tibia