The Marfan syndrome, a rare disease causing a marked decrease in life expectancy by involving the skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular systems, is known as a connective tissue disorder that is inherited autosomal dominant. The cardiovascular complications directly related to the cause of death are associated with more than 90% of the Marfan syndrome. Aortic aneurysm with rupture could occur because of dilatation of aorta due to defect of media. Aortic and mitral insufficiency, mitral valve prolapse, bacterial endocarditis, arrhythmia, and aneurysm of interatrial septum are also frequently observed. A few literatures were reported domestically pertaining to the Marfan syndrome thus far, and there are increased discoveries of cardiovascular complications of the syndrome with the application of echocardiogram. However, the Marfan syndrome with LA myxoma has never been reported both domestically and internationally(INDEX MEDICUS, 1966-1989). Therefore we hereby report a case of the Marfan syndrome with LA myxoma from the observation of a patient who was admitted to Eulji General Hospital at Taejeon i August of 1989.
Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cardiovascular System ; Cause of Death ; Connective Tissue ; Daejeon ; Dilatation ; Echocardiography* ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Marfan Syndrome* ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Prolapse ; Myxoma* ; Rare Diseases ; Rupture

611 children (297 boys and 314 girls) of a primary school were determined under 2% cyclogyl. (1) Among 611 children, refractive error was 70.46 % and emmetropia. 29.54 %. (2) As to the distribution of refractive errors, 72.47 % were hyperopic and 27.53 % myopic Hyperopia was more common than myopia. (3) Hyperopic refractive error was increased until 7 years of age. Since then it has been decreased 8.74 % yearly. Myopic refractive error has been increased 8.14 % yearly since 8 years of age. (4) The refractive errors were more frequent in women (37.81) than men (32.65 %) (5) Refractive errors were numerous around the age of 11. (24.77 %). (6) The degree of refractive errors varied, but in the great majority was less than 3 diopters. (7) As to the type of astigmatism; 59.42 % were with the rule and 39.94 % were against the rule.
Astigmatism ; Child* ; Cyclopentolate ; Emmetropia ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Male ; Myopia ; Refractive Errors

Postoperative (pressure) alopecia is the temporary or permanent loss of hair that occurs following a prolonged immobilization during and/or after general anesthesia and intubation. The cause is considered to be pressure-induced ischemia. Although not an uncommon condition, it is frequently overlooked as a minor complication relative to a causative surgical procedure. We report a 22-year-old woman who was presented with focal hair loss of two weeks' duration after a 9-hour operation for a left brachial plexus injury. Histopathologic examination showed that nearly all terminal follicles were in catagen phase with marked atrophic change of subcutaneous fat.
Alopecia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Brachial Plexus ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Intubation ; Ischemia ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Young Adult

The hyperosinophilic syndrome (HES) commonly involves liver and spleen but only a few literature has reported the imaging features. In this article, we present the imaging features of the liver and spleen in HES patients together with clinical and laboratory features. This study included 5 HES patients with hepatic involvement. Extensive laboratory tests including multiple hematologic, serologic, parasitologic, and immunologic examinations were performed. Imaging studies included CT, ultrasound (US) of upper abdomen and hepatosplenic scintigraphy. All patients were periodically examined by laboratory and imaging studies for 4 to 24 months. The common clinical presentations were weakness, mild fever, and dry cough. All patients revealed leukocytosis with eosinophilia of 40 to 80% and benign eosnophilic hyperplasia of the bone marrow. The percutaneous biopsy of the hepatic focal lesions performed in 2 patients showed numerous benign eosinophilic infiltrates and one of them revealed combined centrilobular necrosis of hepatocytes. All cases revealed hepatomegaly with multiple focal lesions on at least one of CT, US, or scintigraphy. These findings completely disappeared in 2 To 6 months following medication of corticosteroid or antihistamines. The HES involved the liver and CT, US, or scintigraphy. These findings completelydisappeared in 2 to 6 months following medication of corticosteroid or antihistamines. The HES involved the liver and CT, US, or scintigraphic studies showed hepatic multifocal lesions with hepatomegaly. Differential diagnoses of these findings should include metastatic disease, lymphoma, leukemia. candidiasis or other opportunistic infections.
Abdomen ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Candidiasis ; Cough ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Fever ; Hepatocytes ; Hepatomegaly ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome* ; Hyperplasia ; Leukemia ; Leukocytosis ; Liver ; Lymphoma ; Necrosis ; Opportunistic Infections ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Spleen ; Ultrasonography

The hyperosinophilic syndrome (HES) commonly involves liver and spleen but only a few literature has reported the imaging features. In this article, we present the imaging features of the liver and spleen in HES patients together with clinical and laboratory features. This study included 5 HES patients with hepatic involvement. Extensive laboratory tests including multiple hematologic, serologic, parasitologic, and immunologic examinations were performed. Imaging studies included CT, ultrasound (US) of upper abdomen and hepatosplenic scintigraphy. All patients were periodically examined by laboratory and imaging studies for 4 to 24 months. The common clinical presentations were weakness, mild fever, and dry cough. All patients revealed leukocytosis with eosinophilia of 40 to 80% and benign eosnophilic hyperplasia of the bone marrow. The percutaneous biopsy of the hepatic focal lesions performed in 2 patients showed numerous benign eosinophilic infiltrates and one of them revealed combined centrilobular necrosis of hepatocytes. All cases revealed hepatomegaly with multiple focal lesions on at least one of CT, US, or scintigraphy. These findings completely disappeared in 2 To 6 months following medication of corticosteroid or antihistamines. The HES involved the liver and CT, US, or scintigraphy. These findings completelydisappeared in 2 to 6 months following medication of corticosteroid or antihistamines. The HES involved the liver and CT, US, or scintigraphic studies showed hepatic multifocal lesions with hepatomegaly. Differential diagnoses of these findings should include metastatic disease, lymphoma, leukemia. candidiasis or other opportunistic infections.
Abdomen ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Candidiasis ; Cough ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Fever ; Hepatocytes ; Hepatomegaly ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome* ; Hyperplasia ; Leukemia ; Leukocytosis ; Liver ; Lymphoma ; Necrosis ; Opportunistic Infections ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Spleen ; Ultrasonography

Primary role of ultrasound in patients with thyroid nodule is to determine the multiplicity and detect occult carcinoma. We analyzed US findings of 53 thyroid carcinomas with multiple nodular lesions from january 1988 to december 1991. The results were as follows: 1. 109 malignant nodules in 53 cases and 24 benign in 23 were comfirmed. 2. The nature of the masses were solid in 72 malignant nodules (74.2%), and complex in 25 (25.8%) of which 19 were predominantly solid. 3. The echo pattern of the solid and solid predominant masses were hypoechoic in 78 malignant nodules (80.4%), hyperechoic in 10 (10.3%), and isoechoic in 3 (9.3%) 4. Internal punctate calcifications within the masses were observed in 31 malignant nodules (31.9%). 5. Halo sign was present in 16 malignant nodules(16.5%). 6. The preoperative sonographic diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma was made in 39.4% of 53 cases with multiple nodules on US. In conclusion, the number, and halo formation of nodules were insignificant to differentiate the benign nodule from the malignant. The heterogeneous hypoechoic nodules with size greater than 4cm, multiple stippled calcifications, displacement of the trachea or other surrounding structures of combined lymph node enlargements seem to indicate the possibility of malignancy.
Diagnosis ; Goiter* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Thyroid Nodule ; Trachea ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE:Decreased bone mineral density(BMD) has been reported in girls with Turner syndrome. Estrogen therapy is recommanded to improve sexual infantilism and decreased BMD. Short stature is also characteristic finding in patients with Turner syndrome. Treatment modality for short stature has included estrogen, anabolic steroids and growth hormone(GH). Recently GH therapy in GH deficient children could increase BMD in addition to improve short stature. We observed the treatment effects on bone mineral density in patients with Turner syndrome. METHODS: Bone Mineral Density in second to fourth lumbar spine area were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 56 girls with Turner syndrome, before and after growth hormone and/or estrogen. All Turner girl was confirmed by clinical and chromosomal examination. RESULTS: 1) There was no significant difference in BMD according to karyotype. 2) The mean BMD of untreated Turner syndrome was 0.752+/-0.122g/cm2. 3) The mean BMD before and after GH treatment were 0.620+/-0.028g/cm2, 0.793+/-0.093g/cm2 respectively. The mean BMD before and after estrogen treatment were 0.761+/-0.125g/cm2, 0.918+/-0.141g/cm2 respectively. In combined group, the BMD were 0.752+/-0.087g/cm2 and 0.939+/-0.134g/cm2. Growth hormone was also effective to improve BMD as well as estrogen. But the changes of BMD were more significant in estrogen and combined group(p<0.05). 4) A significant positive correlation was found between age and BMD(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Estrogen therapy can accelerate epiphysial maturation and compromise final height. Growth hormone therapy in Turner girls was effective for improvement bone mineral density as well as growth improvement. But growth hormone and estrogen combined therapy or Estrogen therapy is more effective to improve bone mineral density in Turner syndrome. Estrogen replacement can be delayed for a while on growth hormone treatment and the appropriated time of estrogen therapy should be elucidated.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density* ; Child ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Estrogens ; Female ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Sexual Infantilism ; Spine ; Steroids ; Turner Syndrome*

PURPOSE: GH-releasing peptide(GHRP-6) was shown to possess strong GH-releasing activity both in vitro and in vivo. Chemically,GHRP-6 has no primary sequence homology with GHRH. The GH releasing activity of GHRP-6 has been demonstrated in several animal species including humans. GHRPs could have a considerable physiological and clinical useful for treatment of GH deficient and/or non GH deficient short children in the near future. The aim of this study was to evaluate the GH-releasing activity of GHRP-6 in anterior pituitary cell culture and compared to that of GHRH . METHODS: Spraque-Dawley rats were decapitated and pituitary glands were collected in ice-cold PBS. The anterior pituitaries were minced into small fragments and dissociated by enzymatic digestion. These pituitary cells were suspended in Dulbecco' modified Eagle' medium(DMEM) with fetal calf serum at a concentration of 106cells/mL and then plated onto multiwelled dishes at a density of 1.5*05 cells per 6 well plate. GHRP-6 treated group(10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M), GHRH treated group(10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M) and combined GHRP-6 and GHRH treated group were classified. After replacement of each GHRP and/or GHRH+GHRP, the released GH were measured with RIA in 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min. RESULTS: 1) GHRH(10-8) treatment increased GH release by 15.8+/-3.9ng/mL in 0 min., 69.8+/-4.3ng/mL in 10 min. 78.3+/-5.0ng/mL in 20 min. and 67.8+/-7.2ng/mL in 30 min. In case of GHRP-6(10-8M) treatment increased GH release by 11.0+/-1.4 in 0 min., 90.3+/-12.2 in 10 min., 78.3+/-4.5ng/mL in 20 min. and 78.0+/-4.8ng/mL in 30 min. The released GH levels were markedly increased in 10 min. after GHRP-6 and were not singificantly different from that of GHRH. 2)GHRP+GHRH(10-7M+10-8M) treatment increase GH release by 8.8+/-1.5ng/mL in 0 min., 37.8+/-9.3ng/mL in 10 min., 41.3+/-8.1ng/mL in 20 min. and 40.0+/-7.9ng/mL in 30 min. The released GH levels after GHRP+GHRH treatment was not markedly increased statistically compared to GHRH only. CONCLUSION: GHRP-6 could release GH in rat anterior pituitary cell culture and the released GH amounts were not significantly different from that of GHRH. There was no synergistic additive effect in GHRP+GHRH in rat pituitary cell culture.
Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques* ; Child ; Digestion ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Pituitary Gland ; Rats* ; Sequence Homology

No abstract available.
Trichomonas*

No abstract available.
Bilirubin* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*