No abstract available.
Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Biomarkers, Tumor* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a familial disesse charaeterized by mucocutaneaus pigmentation, gastrointestinal polyposis, and transmission of autosomal dominant trait. This syndrome is clinically important becuase of the coreplieation caused by the polyp, leading to abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, and intussusception. Authors experienced a case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome admitted to Walace Memorial Baptist Hospital who was complained of recurrent abdominal pain, melanin pigmentation of lips, oral mucosa, and digits. UGI series, small bowel series, colon cnema, gastrofiberscopy, and colonoseopy revealed multiyle intestinal polyps. Pathologic findings on endoseopic polypectomy showed hamartomatous polyp.
Abdominal Pain ; Colon ; Hemorrhage ; Intestinal Polyps ; Intussusception* ; Lip ; Melanins ; Mouth Mucosa ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ; Pigmentation ; Polyps ; Protestantism

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of aroma foot baths on stress and sleep in terminally ill cancer patients. Methods: We performed a non-randomized interventioncontrol study with 30 terminal cancer patients who were admitted to a palliative care unit.Participants responded to questionnaires on stress and sleep before and after a 5-day interval. The intervention group received a daily aroma foot bath for 5 days. We performed multivariate regression analysis to examine the changes in outcomes on stress and sleep for the intervention group compared to the control group. Results: The differences in baseline characteristics between groups, excluding subjective economic status and general weakness, did not show statistical significance. In contrast to the control group, the intervention group showed a statistically significant change in physical stress and psychological stress levels, but significant changes were not observed in quality of sleep. Compared to the control group, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in physical stress (P=0.068) and psychological stress (P=0.021). Conclusion Aroma foot baths are effective for reducing stress in patients hospitalized with terminal cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of aroma foot baths on stress and sleep in terminally ill cancer patients. Methods: We performed a non-randomized interventioncontrol study with 30 terminal cancer patients who were admitted to a palliative care unit.Participants responded to questionnaires on stress and sleep before and after a 5-day interval. The intervention group received a daily aroma foot bath for 5 days. We performed multivariate regression analysis to examine the changes in outcomes on stress and sleep for the intervention group compared to the control group. Results: The differences in baseline characteristics between groups, excluding subjective economic status and general weakness, did not show statistical significance. In contrast to the control group, the intervention group showed a statistically significant change in physical stress and psychological stress levels, but significant changes were not observed in quality of sleep. Compared to the control group, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in physical stress (P=0.068) and psychological stress (P=0.021). Conclusion Aroma foot baths are effective for reducing stress in patients hospitalized with terminal cancer.

Peritonesl insufflation of CO2 to creste the pneumoperitoneum necessary far laparoscopy in- duces intraoperative cardiovascular and ventilatory changes that complicste anesthetic management of laparoscopy. We investigated cardiovascular and ventilstory changes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia in 11 healthy patients. During operation, intraabdominal pressure was maintained automatically at 14 mmHg by a CO2 insufflator and controlled ventilation setting was adjusted at the values of PaCO2 about 30 mmHg before peritoneal insufflation, and this ventilatory setting was not changed throughout the operation. We measured peak inspiratory pressure(Ppi), mean arterial pressure(MAP), pulse rate(PR), arterial blood gas and end tidal carbon dioxide(PEtCO2) before and during peritoneal insufflation, snd after peritoneal exsufflation. Peritoneal insufflation of CO2 resulted in a significant increase of Ppi, MAP, PaCO2 and PEtCO2, a significant decrease of pH. And PaCO2 and pH were not restored until 15 minutes after CO2 exsufflation. PR and PaO2 were not changed significantly throughout the operation. Conclusively, during general anesthesia for laparoscopic choleeystectomy, hyperventilation was needed under the monitoring of PEtCO2 or PEt,CO2 and special care and monitoring was mendatory for the patients with impaired cardiopulmonary function and increased intracranial pressure.
Anesthesia, General* ; Carbon ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hyperventilation ; Insufflation ; Intracranial Pressure ; Laparoscopy ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND: Succinylcholine is commonly used for tracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia and followed by a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug for intraoperative muscle relaxation. We have determined whether the effect of succinylcholine used for endotracheal intubation on the recovery of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block offers many changes in time course of neuromuscular block. METHOD: Forty ASA class 1 or 2 adult male patients were studied. Patients were premedicated with nalbuphine 10 mg and glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg and after induction of anesthesia with thiopental, anesthesia was maintained with 1~2% enflurane, and 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Twitch responses of adductor pollicis were measured acceleromyographically using 0.2 ms, 2 Hz, train of four (TOF) stimulation of ulnar nerve every 15 seconds. The patients were allocated randomly to following four groups; Ten patients received vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg only (group 1), remained thirty patients received succinylcholine 1.0 mg/kg first and vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg was administered at 0% (group 2, n=10), 25% (group 3, n=10), 75% (group 4, n=10) recovery of first twitch from succinylcholine-induced neuromuscular block respectively. RESULT: Clinical duration, recovery index, and TOF ratio of vecuronium were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION: Succinylcholine for endotracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia does not affect time course of action of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. The cause of this result suspect that the effect of succinylcholine might be masked by large dose of vecuronium (2XED95). Clinically, it is unlikely that prior administered succinylcholine 1 mg/kg influence the recovery of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Enflurane ; Glycopyrrolate ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Masks ; Muscle Relaxation ; Nalbuphine ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Succinylcholine* ; Thiopental ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide

PURPOSE: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common cause of preventable mental retardation. Recently, the detection of CH cases with eutopic thyroid gland has increased due to neonatal screening programs. In this study, we aimed to identify and evaluate predictive factors that could distinguish between permanent and transient CH in patients with eutopic thyroid gland. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 100 children diagnosed with CH and with eutopic thyroid gland. All subjects were treated with levothyroxine and underwent re-evaluation after 3 years of age. RESULTS: Of the 100 CH patients, 35 (35.0%) were diagnosed with permanent CH (PCH) and 65 (65.0%) were diagnosed with transient CH (TCH). The initial thyroid stimulating hormone levels were significantly lower in the TCH subjects than in PCH subjects. In addition, the mean doses of levothyroxine (µg/kg/day) at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year of treatment were significantly lower in subjects with TCH than in PCH subjects with eutopic thyroid gland. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the optimal cutoff dose of levothyroxine at 3 years of 2.76 µg/kg/day could predict TCH, and was associated with 87.3% sensitivity and 67.6% specificity, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.769. CONCLUSION: The levothyroxine dose requirement during treatment period has a predictive role in differentiating TCH from PCH in CH patients with eutopic thyroid gland.
Child* ; Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intellectual Disability ; Neonatal Screening ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to establish reference data for normal crown and root lengths and the root–crown ratios (R/C ratios) for the mature maxillary and mandibular incisors in a Korean population by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: We included 672 Korean patients (141 men and 531 women; mean age, 27.2 ± 7.7 years) who underwent CBCT examinations during various dental treatments. Crown and root lengths and the R/C ratios of the maxillary and mandibular incisors were measured using CBCT data, which were analyzed to detect significant differences between demographic factors as well as sagittal and vertical skeletal or occlusal relationships. RESULTS: Teeth of the same type in each half-arch were symmetrical. The mean R/C ratios varied from 1.1 to 1.2 for the maxillary incisors and from 1.3 to 1.4 for the mandibular incisors. Crown and root lengths were greater in men than in women, regardless of tooth type. Root lengths and R/C ratios for the mandibular incisors were significantly greater in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion or an excessive overjet than in the other patients. The R/C ratios for the mandibular incisors were lower in patients with an open bite than in those with a normal or deep bite. Moreover, the R/C ratios for the mandibular incisors increased with age. CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained in our study can serve as reference values for crown and root lengths and the R/C ratios for the maxillary and mandibular incisors in the Korean population.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Crowns ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Male ; Malocclusion ; Open Bite ; Overbite ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Tooth ; Tooth Crown ; Tooth Root