Fifty-four marginal rotation procedures for cicatrical entropion and marginal entropion were performed in twenty-eight patients (8 males, 20 females). The age ranged from 4 to 74 years old (meant 51.1 years old). After the follow up periods of 6 to 48 months, excellent correction of the eyelid margin and good cosmetic appearance were noticed in most cases, but nine cases combined with severe trichiasis showed recurred trichiasis requiring reoperation.
Entropion ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Reoperation ; Trichiasis

Although anterior fusion has several advantages in the management of fracture-dislocations of cervical spine than posterior methods, it has not been used in common. Because, it does not give sufficient stability to prevent the dislodgment of the graft and angular deformity and it requires prolonged rigid external immobilization. In order to promote the stability and to reduce the external support, authors have fixed with plate and screws in anterior spine fusion for various type of fracture-dislocations of cervical spine, and report the results of 29 consecutive cases. Minimum follow-up period was 6 months (Av. 12mos.). Two level fixation after anterior decompression by corpectomy was done in 7 cases. Ambulation was started from the day after operation with aid of orthosis, regardless of the neurological status. Bone union was observed in all, but one expired case, within 2–3 months. There was no failure in fixation and no worsening in neurology. Improvement of neurological status were observed in 17 patient during and follow up periods of treatment, among 23 patient with neurological symptoms on arrival. The observed complications of hoarseness(2 csses), dysphagia(2 cases) and Horner's syndrome(1 case) were improved later, but the patient with pneumonia was expired one month after operation. It is concluded that the procedure is a safe and better alternative for the fracture-dislocations including flexion injury between C2-T1, because it provides good stability, rapid union, short external support and possibility of neural decomprssion.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Decompression ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Neurology ; Orthotic Devices ; Pneumonia ; Spine ; Transplants ; Walking

No abstract available.
Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood*

No abstract available.
Esophageal Atresia*

The history of surgical treatment of cataract extends back at least Before Christ. In 1748 Jacques Daviel, French ophthalmic surgeon, was attempted to cataract extraction with modern operating techniques and since then development of operation methods, techniques and instruments were contributed to recovery of the loss of vision. Although the occurrence of during and postoperative complications of cataract extraction diminish, cataract complications still remain troublesome in the minds of cataract operators. The authors reported the result of hyphema in the many complications of cataract extraction for the 7 of the 47 eyes(42 cases), which were operated from January 1976 to August 1977, using the sex, types of cataract, age, methods of operation, onset and procedure.
Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Hyphema* ; Postoperative Complications

During the period from January 1987 to May 1988, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy had been performed in 95 knees of 94 patients. Of the 94 patients, there were 66 males and 28 females ranging in age from 10 to 49 years(mean, 27.4 years). The mean follow up period was 22.1 months (range, 15 to 32 months). Both medial and lateral menisci were affected in 6 knees, so 101 menisci were removed. In the group studied, there were 35 tears of medial, 29 tears of lateral and 37 tears of discoid meniscus. In the 101 tears of meniscus, 22 cases of longitudinal tear, 37 cases of bucket handle tear, 19 cases of flap tear, 13 cases of transverse tear, 5 cases of horizontal tear and 5 cases of complex tear were observed. Most frequently associated lesion was ACL injury (9 cases), and 4 cases of loose body and 4 cases of synovial plica syndrome were also found. The sensitivity of diagnosis with physical examination only was 63.6% and improved with arthrography to 70.4%, and with arthrography and CT to 80.0%. Satisfactory result including excellent and good was 76.6% and no major complication was accompanied.
Arthrography ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; Physical Examination ; Tears

BACKGROUND: When we define the pressure of pulmonary vasculature in which a recruitment of blood flow occurs as P1 and the proportion of change in pulmonary artery to that in cardiac output as IR and then we compare PI and IR with pulmonary vascular resistance, we would find some problems in pulmonary vascular resistance. In other words, it is the theory that, IR should be increased mainly in pulmonary embolism in which decreases the cross sectional area of pulmonary vasculature. But there are many contradictory reports resulted from various researches and the fact is known widely that any difference exists between PVR and PI, IR. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to observe how PI and IR change at the time of the outbreak and during treatment of the pulmonary embolism, and to find out the meaning of these new indicators and the difference from the pulmonary vascular resistance used generally when we subdivide the pulmonary vascular resistance into PI and IR. METHOD: After making AV fistula in experimental dog, we controlled cardiac output at the intervals of 15 minute in case of three kinds(all AV fistula are obstructed, only one of fistula is open and all of fistula is open), and after evoking massive pulmonary embolism with radioactive autologous blood clots, we measured the mean pulmonary artery pressure, and calculated PI and IR. We observed the pattern of change in PI and IR, without giving the control group any specific treatment and with injecting intravenously rtPA in the Group 1 and Group 2 at the dose of lmg per kg, for 15 minutes fot the former and 3 hours for the latter. RESULT: 1) Pulmonary vascular resistance showed a change similar to that of pulmonry artery pressure and in all three group, PVR increased significantly, but group 1 and group 2 showed tendency that PVR keeps on decreasing after treatment, and the rate of decrease in group 1 is more rapid than group 2 significantly. 2) Both intersection(PI) and degree(IR) are proved statistically significant, in view of the straight line relationship between cardiac output and pulmonary artery pressure, calculated by minimal regression method. 3) PI changed similarly to pulmonary vascular resistance, while in the IR which is theoretically more similar to PVR, there was no significant difference or change after rtPA infusion. CONCLUSION: In the pulmonary embolism, Both change in IR which means real resistance of pulmonary vasculature and PI which was developed due to secondary vasoconstriction by pulmonary embolism are reflected same time.
Animals ; Arteries ; Cardiac Output ; Dogs ; Fistula ; Hemodynamics* ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Vascular Resistance* ; Vasoconstriction

No abstract available.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration*

BACKGROUND: Color Doppler echocardiography is sensitive in detecting mitral regurgitation and useful in quantitating its severity. The presence of an eccentric regurgitant jet suggests that regurgitation is caused by prolapsing or flail leaflet of mitral valve. Until recently the direction of regurgitant jet in mitral valve prolapse has been examined in a single(parasternal short axis view) or orthogonal plane using color Doppler echocardiography, and few in the apical rotation method of a transducer. The purpose of this study was to clarify the usefullness of the apical rotation method of a transducer in detection of the direction of mitral regurgitant jet and diagnosis of the sites of mitral valve prolapse. METHODS: Twenty four patients(8 men and 16 women, mean age:47.3+/-18.8 years) with mitral valve prolapse with eccentric regurgitant jet were examined by two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiograply using conventional parasternal long and short axis views, and four apical longitudinal planes(four chamber, vertical, two chamber and transverse views) obtained by the apical retation method of a transducer. RESULTS: Thirty one regurgitant jets were detected in twenty four patients, eighteen patients had anterior, nine patints posterior, and three patients bi-leaflet(anterior and posterior) prolapse. In eighteen patients with anterior leaflet prolapse, ten had medial, eight had middle, three had lateral, and three had two portions(two, medial and middle; one, middle and lateral) prolapse. In nine patients with posterior leaflet prolapse, five had medial, three had middle, two had lateral, and one had two(medial and middle) scallop prolapse. CONCLUSION: Color Doppler echocardiography by the apical rotation method of transducer is useful in assessment of the site of prolapse in patients with mitral valve prolapse with eccentric regurgitation.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Prolapse* ; Mitral Valve* ; Pectinidae ; Prolapse* ; Transducers*

The endonasal laser lacrimal surgery has provided many advantages. However, the success rate of the primary endonasal DCR has been lower than the established 90% or greater success rate of conventional DCR. Endonasal fiberoptics-assisted lacrimal surgeries(108 DCR and 149 CDCR) were performed with conventional lacrimal surgical instruments and endoscope. The thick bone of the anterior lacrimal crest and half segment of the lacrimal sac were removed with Kerrison punch, and silicone tube intubation was performed. After 8 to 33 months(average 15.6 months) of follow up, intranasal mucosal ostium measured 1.85 mm in diameter. Of the 108 eyes with primary endonasal DCR, the ostium of 86 eyes(79.6%) remained patent. After revision of the failed DCR, the success rate was 96.3%(104 eyes). Of the 61 eyes with primary endonasal DCR which were performed during recent 8 to 20 months, 54 eyes(88.5%) were satisfactory. Of the 149 eyes with CDCR, Jones tubes in 141 eyes(94.6%) functioned well.
Endoscopes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Intubation ; Silicones ; Surgical Instruments