For many years, healing membranous bone fractures have been known to show a persistent lucency at the fracture interface. Radiographic follow-up has proven to be of little value as a guideline for healing of mandibular fractures. Recently, a fracture has been treated by rigid internal fixation by metallic plate and screws rather than closed reduction and wire fixation, we expected that some difference in the radiographic features of fracture healing. To investigate these questions we undertook a retrospective radiographic and clinical analysis of 33 followed patients with fractures of the body and angle of the mandible from 1993 to 1997. There were 26 male and 7 female patients ranging in age between 5 and 74 years, with an average of 29.7 years. All patients were managed by open reduction with metallic plates and screws. The length of follow-up ranged from 9 to 187 weeks. Total 81 radiographic follow-up films were obtained and divided into 3 grades according to the degree of radiolucency of fracture lines; grade 0 radiolucent fracture line and no evidence of fracture interface calcification, grade 1 decreased radiolucent area and evidence of fracture interface calcification, and grade 2 disappearance of fracture line.Until follow-up of 8 weeks, all of the radiographs showed grade 0. From 8 weeks to 16 weeks, 62.5 percent showed grade 0 and 37.5 percent showed grade 1. From 16 weeks to 48 weeks, 38.5 percent showed grade 1 and 61.5 percent showed grade 2. After follow-up of 48 weeks, all showed grade 2.In this study we have shown that the radiographic disappearance of mandibular fracture lines was usually accomplished by 48 weeks. We feel that radiographic union of the mandible is lagging well behind clinical union, but disapperance of the fracture line in rigidly fixated mandibular fracture was occurred earlier than healed by fibrous union. We propose that radiographic union of the mandible by approximately 1 year can be a guideline for the normal mandibular bone healing.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Fractures* ; Retrospective Studies

Trimazosin Hydrochloride is a new orally active antihypertensive agent derived from the Quinazoline family, related chemically and pharamacologically to parazosin, but unlike its precedecessor, no first-dose syncope has been note, and no tolerance in the management of long term hypertensive patients. The antihypertensive effect of Trimazosin was observed from Oct. 1984 to Mar, 1985 at hospital of Chung-Ang Univesity as outpatient base involving a total 25 patients(Male;16, Female;9)with mild to moderate Hypertension(Diastolic B, P> or =90mmHG but< or =110mmHg). And the average age was 51.5 year(39-66yrs.) Our data demonstrate that 1) Trimazosin is an effective antihypertensive agent for controlling both systolic(166mmHg to 135.7mmHg)and diastolic(102.8mmHg to 85.3mmHg)pressure, and the mean arterial pressure was decreased from 123.8mmHg to 102.1mmHg(P%0.001). 2) We achieved significant sustained reduction in blood pressure with Trimazosin alone in 10 patients, Trimazosin plus Thoazide diuretics in 4 patients, Trimazosin plus-Beta-blocker in 5 patients, and with above triple regimensin 5 patients. 3) Side effects observed during Trimazosin theraphy(mean 3.8 months)appear to be minor and are reflection of its hemodynamic effects, (fatigability 2, dizziness 3, nausea 3 and headache 3) except one had to stop due to severe pounding headache.
Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Diuretics ; Dizziness ; Headache ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Nausea ; Outpatients ; Syncope

Acute pyogenic osteomyelitis is frequent in infants and children, usually hematogenous, and predominant in male. The etiology of acute osteomyelitis is of 3 types: hematogenous, direct innoculation, or postoperative. Acute pyogenic hematogenous osteomyelitis is the most frequent type in children. This study consisted of 119 cases of acute pyogenic osteomyelitis which were studied at the department of orthopedic surgery, Yonsei university, Severance hospital and Youngdong hospital for 10 years from Jan. 1974 to Dec. 1983. The result were as follows. 1. There were tendency to decrease the frequency of this disease graduaUy since 1973 except 1978. 2. 20 patient (16.8%) had the history of trauma and 43 patients (36.1%) had the entry site of infecting organism. 3. The most frequent involved sites were femur and tibia. 4. E.S.R. was definitely increased in 90.4% of male, in 100% of female. 5. 59.6% of patients revealed the definite bone change at admission on X-ray findings. 6. Staphylococcus coagulase positive was the most frequent organism isolated (95%). 7. The most sensitive antibiotics was cephalosporin and the most resistant was penicillin (90.2%). 8. The antibiotics treatment with immobilization of involved site was initially tried, if there was no symptomatic improvement, the various surgical process was performed with satisfactory result.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Coagulase ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Infant ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Penicillins ; Staphylococcus ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male ; Nursing* ; Urinary Incontinence*

PURPOSE: GH-releasing peptide(GHRP-6) was shown to possess strong GH-releasing activity both in vitro and in vivo. Chemically,GHRP-6 has no primary sequence homology with GHRH. The GH releasing activity of GHRP-6 has been demonstrated in several animal species including humans. GHRPs could have a considerable physiological and clinical useful for treatment of GH deficient and/or non GH deficient short children in the near future. The aim of this study was to evaluate the GH-releasing activity of GHRP-6 in anterior pituitary cell culture and compared to that of GHRH . METHODS: Spraque-Dawley rats were decapitated and pituitary glands were collected in ice-cold PBS. The anterior pituitaries were minced into small fragments and dissociated by enzymatic digestion. These pituitary cells were suspended in Dulbecco' modified Eagle' medium(DMEM) with fetal calf serum at a concentration of 106cells/mL and then plated onto multiwelled dishes at a density of 1.5*05 cells per 6 well plate. GHRP-6 treated group(10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M), GHRH treated group(10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M) and combined GHRP-6 and GHRH treated group were classified. After replacement of each GHRP and/or GHRH+GHRP, the released GH were measured with RIA in 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min. RESULTS: 1) GHRH(10-8) treatment increased GH release by 15.8+/-3.9ng/mL in 0 min., 69.8+/-4.3ng/mL in 10 min. 78.3+/-5.0ng/mL in 20 min. and 67.8+/-7.2ng/mL in 30 min. In case of GHRP-6(10-8M) treatment increased GH release by 11.0+/-1.4 in 0 min., 90.3+/-12.2 in 10 min., 78.3+/-4.5ng/mL in 20 min. and 78.0+/-4.8ng/mL in 30 min. The released GH levels were markedly increased in 10 min. after GHRP-6 and were not singificantly different from that of GHRH. 2)GHRP+GHRH(10-7M+10-8M) treatment increase GH release by 8.8+/-1.5ng/mL in 0 min., 37.8+/-9.3ng/mL in 10 min., 41.3+/-8.1ng/mL in 20 min. and 40.0+/-7.9ng/mL in 30 min. The released GH levels after GHRP+GHRH treatment was not markedly increased statistically compared to GHRH only. CONCLUSION: GHRP-6 could release GH in rat anterior pituitary cell culture and the released GH amounts were not significantly different from that of GHRH. There was no synergistic additive effect in GHRP+GHRH in rat pituitary cell culture.
Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques* ; Child ; Digestion ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Pituitary Gland ; Rats* ; Sequence Homology

No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Zinc*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome*

The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome can occur due to various etiologies in children. In otherwise healthy children, adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the leading cause of childhood obstuctive sleep apnea. Obstructive sleep apnea caused by adenotonsillar hypertrophy can lead to a variety of symptoms and sequelae such as behavioral disturbance, enuresis, failure to thrive, developmental delay, cor pulmonale, and hypertension. So if obstructive sleep apnea is clinically suspected, proper treatment should be administered to the patient after diagnostic examinations. More than 80% improvement is seen in symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea caused by adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. However, when it is impossible to treat the patient using surgical methods or residual symptoms remained after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, additional treatments such as weight control, sleep position change, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), should be considered. This paper reports a case using weight control and Auto-PAP to control mild sleep apnea and snoring, which in long-term follow-up were not resolved after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for severe obstructive sleep apnea.
Adenoidectomy ; Adenoids ; Child ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Enuresis ; Failure to Thrive ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy ; Palatine Tonsil ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Snoring ; Tonsillectomy