STATEMENT of THE PROBLEM: Recently an innovative method of fabricating indirect restorations by gold electroforming has been developed. But the bond quality and strength of the gold coping to the porcelain is uncertain. PURPOSE of STUDY: The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the electroformed gold surface for mechanical bonding between the gold and the ceramic veneering. METHODS and MATERIAL: Electroformed disks were made using electroforming technique. And the surface of the electroformed coping was analyzed after sandblasting, heat-treatment, bonding agent application, opaque porcelain firing with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Results. In the analysis with SEM, Sandblasting made the sharp edges and undercuts on the electroformed surface, and after bonding agent application, net-like structure were created on the electroformed surface. In the energy dispersive x-ray analysis it is confirmed that electroformed surface contains some impurities. CONCLUSION: With the use of sandblasting and bonding agent, electroformed surface seems to be enough to bond with veneering porcelain.
Ceramics* ; Dental Porcelain ; Fires ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

BACKGROUND: Glomus tumors were first described by Wood in 1812 as painful subcutaneous tubercles. It is an uncommon benign neoplasm involving the glomus body, an apparatus that involves in thermoregulation of cutaneous microvasculature. Glomus tumor constitutes 1%-5% of all hand tumors. It usually occurs at the subungual region and more commonly in aged women. Its classical clinical triad consists of pain, tenderness and temperature intolerance, especially cold sensitivity. This study reviews 15 cases of glomus tumor which were analyzed according to its anatomic location, surgical approach and histologic findings. METHODS: Fifteen patients with subungual glomus tumors of the hand operated on between January 2006 and March 2013, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were evaluated preoperatively with standard physical examination including ice cube test and Love's test. Diagnostic imaging consisted of ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. All procedures were performed with tourniquet control under local anesthesia. Eleven patients underwent excision using the transungual approach, 3 patients using the volar approach and 1 patient using the lateral subperiosteal approach. RESULTS: Total of 15 cases were reviewed. 11 tumors were located in the nail bed, 3 in the volar pulp and 1 in the radial aspect of the finger tip. After complete excision, patients remained asymptomatic in the immediate postoperative period. In the long term follow up, patients exhibited excellent cosmetic results with no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate diagnosis should be made by physical, radiologic and pathologic examinations. Preoperative localization and complete extirpation is essential in preventing recurrence and subsequent nail deformity.
Anesthesia, Local ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomus Tumor* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Ice ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Microvessels ; Physical Examination ; Postoperative Period ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tourniquets ; Ultrasonography ; Wood

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the functional abilities of the low bulb obturators with those of high bulb obturators in terms of patients' evaluation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 11 maxillectomy patients who underwent postoperative prosthodontic rehabilitations. Two obturators of the same design except for different bulb heights, were fabricated for each of the maxillectomy patient. After two months of alternate use, the functions of the obturators were measured by investigating the patients' subjective evaluations in terms of convenience, speech, nasality, leakage, and mastication and identifying their preferred prostheses. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used as a statistical method (P < .05). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in patient evaluations of low and high bulb obturators (P >.05). And patients' preferences varied. CONCLUSION: In extreme situation such as in mouth opening limitation, the use of low bulb obturators can be recommended and result in comparable speech function to that of obturators with high lateral walls.
Humans ; Mastication ; Mouth ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthodontics

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Arthroplasty* ; Knee* ; Replantation*

Seventy four consecutive cementless Tricon-M total knee replacement were followed for two to eight years (average three and half years) at the Department of Orthopedics Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital Catholic University Medical College. Using the Hospital for Sepcial Surgery rating system we found that 86.6 percent of the knee were graded excellent or good, 8 percent fair and 5.4 percent poor. In four cases of complication, two patients had gram negative infection postoperatively and one had one stage revision using gentamycine mixed cement and the other who had delayed infection one year after surgery had arthroscopic irrigation and synovectomy. Other two complications were patella lateral sublugation but the realignment operation had been refused. In radiologic examination there were no radiolucenct loosening sign in any patella or femoral component but tibial radiolucency was seen in only three patients. Thirty four (46%) out of 74, cases showed tibial component subsidency (average 2.2mm) during the first one year follow up period but no further progression was seen in later follow up period. No correlation.between radiolucency or subsidence and knee scores was seen. Cementless fixation of all components in total knee replacement, including the tibia and patella, was highly successful and can be achieved without stress relief of the distal femur.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Knee ; Orthopedics ; Patella ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: Lacerations requiring formal wound closure compose a significant number of all childhood injuries presenting to the emergency department. The problem with conventional suture technique are that suture removal is quite cumbersome, especially in children. Unwanted soft tissue damage can result in the process of suture removal, which calls for sedation, stressful for both medical personnel and child. The purpose of this study is to introduce the convenient suture technique for pediatric facial lacerations. METHODS: Children under the age of four, presenting to the emergency department with facial lacerations were enrolled in the study. From March 2008 to June 2009, 63 patients (41 males and 22 females) with an average age of 1.4 years were treated with our convenient suture technique using utilized a loop suspended above a double, flat tie. Clean, tension free wounds were treated with our technique, wounds with significant skin defect and concomitant fractures were excluded. RESULTS: The Patients were followed-up in 1, 3 and 5 days postoperatively. On the third hospital visit, suture removal was done by simply cutting the loop suspended above the wound margin and gently pulling the thread with forceps. There were no significant differences in the rates of infection and dehiscence compared with conventional suture technique. CONCLUSION: The use of our technique was to be simple with similar operative time compared with conventional suture technique. Removal of suture materials were easy without unwanted injuries to the surrounding tissue which resulted in less discomfort for the patient and greater parental satisfaction, minimized the complications. It can be considered as a viable alternative in the repair of pediatric facial lacerations.
Child ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Male ; Operative Time ; Parents ; Skin ; Surgical Instruments ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass is a conventional method of operative revascularization of coronary artery disease. Because of many troubles of cardiopulmonary bypass such as systemic inflammatory reaction, mechanical trauma of blood components and coagulopathy, coronary artery bypass graft without cardiopulmonary bypass has been popularized. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From March 1999 to September 2000, 35 patients underwent CABG at our institution. Among them, 14 patients received CABG without the use of CPB and 21 patients underwent CABG with the use of CPB. Mean operative time, mean postoperative tracheal intubation time, mean ICU stay, mean hospital stay, the amount of transfusion, postoperative use of inotropic agents, and postoperative changes of cardiac enzymes were compared in both groups. RESULT: There were differences between the CABG without CPB group and CABG with CPB group with regard to mean tracheal intubation time, the amount of transfusion and the elevation of postoperative cardiac enzymes(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: While CABG without CPB provided satisfactory results, more long term follow-up is required.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Humans ; Intubation ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Transplants

We experienced a case of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return from righ lung to inferior vena cava, which combined with Scimitar sign in 18 years old female patient. Diagnostic procedures were simple chest x-ray chest CT, and cardiac catheterization. We redirected the anomalous venous flow from inferior vena cava to left atrium through the intracardiac tunnel which was made with autologous pericardium. Postoperative course was not eventful.
Adolescent ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Lung ; Pericardium ; Scimitar Syndrome ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vena Cava, Inferior

PURPOSE: The recent advances in microsurgical techniques and their refinement over the past decade have greatly expanded the indications for digital replantations and have enabled us to salvage severed fingers more often. Many studies have reported greater than 80% viability rates in replantation surgery with functional results. However, replantation of multi-level amputations still remain a challenging problem and the decision of whether or not to replant an amputated part is difficult even for an experienced reconstructive surgeon because the ultimate functional result is unpredictable. METHODS: Between January of 2002 and May of 2008, we treated 10 multi-level amputated digits of 7 patients. After brachial plexus block, meticulous replantation procedure was performed under microscopic magnification. Postoperatively, hand elevation, heat lamp, drug therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy were applied with careful observation of digital circulation. Early rehabilitation protocol was performed for functional improvement. RESULTS: Among the 19 amputated segments of 10 digits, 16 segments survived completely without any complications. Overall survival rate was 84%. Complete necrosis of one finger tip segment and partial necrosis of two distal amputated segments developed and subsequent surgical interventions such as groin flap, local advancement flap and skin graft were performed. The overall result was functionally and aesthetically satisfactory. CONCLUSION: We experienced successful replantations of multi-level amputated digits. When we encounter a multi-level amputation, the key question is whether or not it is a contraindication to replantation. Despite the demand for skillful microsurgical technique and longer operative time, the authors' results prove it is worth attempting replantations in multi-level amputation because of the superiority in aesthetic and functional results.
Amputation ; Brachial Plexus ; Fingers ; Groin ; Hand ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Necrosis ; Operative Time ; Replantation ; Skin ; Survival Rate ; Transplants