Objectives: This study aims to examine the clinical outcomes of women who underwent a midurethral sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence and compare postoperative urinary symptoms among different body mass index (BMI) groups. Methods: A retrospective cohort study on results after midurethral sling surgery according to BMI was conducted at the institution of the current study from January 2010 to December 2019. The study population was classified into three groups according to patients’ BMI (in kg/m2 ) during surgery: normal weight (BMI < 23.0 kg/m2 ), overweight (BMI, 23.0–24.9 kg/m2 ), and obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 ). The primary outcome was the recurrence of urinary symptoms after surgery. The secondary outcomes were operation time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications. Results: This study included 376 patients (normal weight, 148; overweight, 74; and obese women, 154) who underwent midurethral sling surgery. No significant difference was noted in urinary symptom recurrence after midurethral sling surgery. Of the patients, 6.8% (n = 10), 9.5% (n = 7), and 7.8% (n = 12) were normal weight, overweight, and obese women, respectively (P = 0.775). Moreover, operation time (P = 0.589), blood loss (P = 0.138), and complication rate (P = 0.865) showed no significant difference. Conclusions Midurethral sling surgery is effective regardless of BMI. Even when midurethral sling surgery was performed as a concomitant surgery, no significant difference in urinary symptom recurrence, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and complication rate was noted among different BMI groups.

Abortion, Induced ; Abortion, Missed ; Dilatation ; Female ; Gestational Sac ; Humans ; Hysteroscopy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography ; Uterus

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the association between normal-but-low folate levels and cognitive function in the elderly population using a prospective cohort study. METHODS: We analyzed 3,910 participants whose serum folate levels were within the normal reference range (1.5–16.9 ng/mL) at baseline evaluation in the population-based prospective cohort study named the “Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia.” The association between baseline folate quartile categories and baseline cognitive disorders [mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia] was examined using binary logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding variables. The risks of incident MCI and dementia associated with the decline of serum folate level during a 4-year follow-up period were examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The lowest quartile group of serum folate (≥1.5, ≤5.9 ng/mL) showed a higher risk of cognitive disorders than did the highest quartile group at baseline evaluation (odds ratio 1.314, p=0.012). Over the 4 years of follow-up, the risk of incident dementia was 2.364 times higher among subjects whose serum folate levels declined from the 2nd–4th quartile group to the 1st quartile than among those for whom it did not (p=0.031). CONCLUSION: Normal-but-low serum folate levels were associated with the risk of cognitive disorders in the elderly population, and a decline to normal-but-low serum folate levels was associated with incident dementia. Maintaining serum folate concentration above 5.9 ng/mL may be beneficial for cognitive status.
Aged ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders ; Cognitive Aging ; Cohort Studies ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Dementia ; Folic Acid ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Reference Values