PURPOSE: This study was to serve the sexual health education of the hysterectomy patients and to get the basic data of the nursing intervention on sexual health education. Sexual health education for the patients is an independent function as well as a professional responsibility of nurses. METHOD: The subjects were composed of 108 post-op patients who had undergone doing a hysterectomy 5 to 10 days previously and 101 nurses at OBGY hospitals. For data analysis, the study executed a frequency, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan Multiple Range test and Spearman's rho correlation coefficient, in accordance with the purpose of the study using SPSS Win 10.0. RESULT: Mean score of the needs degree of sexual health education was 3.30 point. The need for education was highest in the sexual health promotion with education related to sexual interaction the lowest. Mean score of the nurses' teaching performance degree of sexual health education was 1.80 point. The nurses' teaching performance was highest in the sexual health promotion. There exist significant correlations between the degree of patients' educational needs and the degree of nurses' teaching performance on physiosexual (rho=-.667, p< .05), psychosexual (rho=.762, p< .05), sexual interaction (rho=.667, p< .05) respectively. There was no significant difference on sexual health promotion (rho=.359, p> .05). CONCLUSION: The degree of sexual health education needs of hysterectomy patients was very high. Therefore, continuous nursing education program should be developed and provided for the promotion of the performance of sexual health education as the nursing professional role.
Education* ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Nursing ; Professional Role ; Reproductive Health* ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Paraparesis* ; Spine* ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Social Adjustment* ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord* ; Veterans*

PURPOSE: To investigate nutritional status of inpatients by using subjective. and objective evaluation methods and to find the relationship between them. METHOD: The subjects were 101 inpatients with medical health problems at a university hospital. Nutritional status was evaluated by the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and physical assessment including percentage of weight loss, serum albumin, hemogloin, and hematocrit. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, Kendall's tau. RESULTS: Grouping by the SGA, 61.4% were classified as severe malnutrition group. When applying the objective methods{physical assessment). 1.9~42.6% were diagnosed as malnutrition each item. The percentage of weight loss during previous 1-6month(r=.43~.54. P=.0001), serum albumin(r=-.26, P=.0003), hemoglobin of male(r=-.38, P=.0001), and hematocrit of male(r=-.34, P=.0001) were significantly correlated with SGA score. The coincidence rate of nutrition evaluation between the objective methods and SGA were 27.7 35.6%, 20.8%, 47.5%, 58.4% in percentage of weight loss, albumin, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. CONCLUSION: These findings showed a majority of inpatients were exposed to the risk of malnutrition. We recommend to evaluate inpatients' nutritional status periodically and to develop nursing intervention to solve their nutritional problems.
Hematocrit ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Malnutrition ; Nursing ; Nutritional Status* ; Serum Albumin ; Weight Loss

STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-fiye thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fractures treated with pedicle screw instrumentation were assessed on loss reduction. OBJECTIVE: To compare the mechanical results of simple posterior fixation and posterior fixation with anterior augmentation by anterior interbody fusion, disc space fusion or longer construct. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Althrough the pedicle screw instrumentation provides good mechanical stability, two segment fixation without anterior column augmentation may not be adequate to withstand the repeated axial load. METHODS: Fifteen patients were treated with two segment fixation alone(Group 1), seven with anterior interbody fusion(Group 2), another seven with disc space fusion(Group 3) and remaining six with longer construct involving two segments abode the fracture(Croup 4). Change of anterior body height, upper disc height, lower disc height, kyphotic angle, inter-screw angle and gross screw bend- ing were measured using post-operative and follow-up lateral radiographs. RESULTS: Comparing the two groups(Croup 1 Ys. Group 2, 3, 4), the Group 1 showed definitely more loss of reduction than those groups which had anterior augmentation. But, loss of anterior body height was not significantly different. Comparing the four groups, loss at upper and lower disc height was significantly greater in the Group 1 than the Group 2. Change of kyphotic angle was significantly higher in the Group 1 than the Group 4 and change of inter-screw angle was also higher in the group 1 than every other group. Seyen patients in the Group 1 showed gross screw bending, but none in the Group 2, 3 and 4. All the seven patients with screw bending showed loss of inter-screw angle more than 5 . CONCLUSIONS: These results mean that anterior column augmentation is necessary for the treatment of thoraco-lumbar burst fracture. All the three methods(Group 2,3,4) are effective to prevent excessive loss of correction and screw bending. The best method should be selected considering the characters of each fracture.
Body Height ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study measures the subjectivity on stressful life events of middle- aged women. METHOD: Q-Methodological method was used for that purpose. As for the research method, Q-statements were collected reliminary to the study of through in-depth interviews and a literature review. For the study 38 Q-statements were selected. There were 28 middle aged women as subjects for the research. Q-Factor Analysis by using PC Quanl Program to supply the material. RESULT: Through the result of this study, the stressful life events of middle-aged women could be identified by 4 types. The type I is called the conflict in relationship with husband's family members. The type II is called lack of marital intimacy. The type III is called low self-esteem. The type IV is called changing life cycle itself. CONCLUSION: Therefore, identifing the subjectivity on the stressful life events of middle-aged women would be a basic step for the understanding of middle aged women.
Female ; Humans ; Life Cycle Stages ; Middle Aged

The purpose of this study was to identify metacommunicative behaviors between nurses and patients in a pediatric unit. The research method included observation using videotaping. Data were collected from December, 2001 to February, 2002. Total six nurses, and eight patients and their mothers in a pediatric unit participated in this study. The interactions were videotaped under the participants' consent. The participants were observed for total 8 hours over 2-day period. Special episodes which were identified as metacommunicative behaviors in the taped interactions were transcribed. Transcription included verbal and nonverbal interactions. Selected episodes were classified using Mitchell's definition. Each classified definitions were named, and categorized by its purpose. The results were as follows: Nineteen metacommunicative behaviors which used frequently by nurses-approaching, mediating eye level, eye contact, touching, encouraging, turnabout, mimic voice, giving choices, friendly demand, expansion, tagging, repeating and confirming, identification, reflection, baby talk, symbolization, description of acts, relaxed posture, turning away- were identified and organized into four categories. They were call for attention, facilitating response, empathy, and tension release. In conclusion, nurses in this study used metacommunicative behaviors frequently and these behaviors were effective in interacting with children. It is suggested that any educational programs to teach communication skills to nurses need to include techniques on metacommunicative behaviors. This will help nurses to be more sensitive to different characteristics of their patients.
Child ; Empathy ; Humans ; Mothers ; Negotiating ; Observational Study ; Posture ; Voice ; Child Health

Scute/larisa baica/ensis (SB) has been used as a folk medicine for curing ulcer, inflammation and infection. However, surprisingly little has been done to develop and exploit SB's immunomodulating, anti- inflammatory properties. Moreover, the mechanisms of SB-action on immune function had not been elucidated. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of 5B on immune functions, microbial growth and bacterial mutagenicity. Boiling water extract of SB was used in this experiment. The proliferation response to PHA-, Con A- or LPS-stimulation and the production of Con A-induced IL-2 and LPS-induced IL-6 of splenocytes from SB-pretreated mice were significantly higher than those of splenocytes from control mice. Daily single injection of 2 mg/mouse SB for 4 days resulted in enhancement of Arthus reaction and DTH to SRBC. And these enhancements were more prominent when SB was treated prior to SRBC- sensitization. SB did inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as C. albicans, C. neoformans, E. coli S. typhimurium and this inhibiting effect was gradually increased in proportion to the increment of SB. SB also remarkably reduced the mutagenicity of mutagens such as sodium azid and benzo[a]pyrene, but this was not certain, because it showed a killing effect on the cell survival test. When SB treated mice were i.p infected with C. albicans, the number of microorganisms in the peritoneal exudates were significantly reduced. Taken together, these results revealed that SB itself has not only multiple effects on events controlling immune responses but also anti-inflammatory properties, which may provide the rational basis for their therapeutic use as one of the biological response modifiers.
Animals ; Arthus Reaction ; Cell Survival ; Exudates and Transudates ; Homicide ; Immunologic Factors ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-6 ; Medicine, Traditional ; Mice ; Mutagens ; Scutellaria baicalensis* ; Scutellaria* ; Sodium ; Ulcer ; Water

The CRST syndrome, first reported by Winterbauer, represents a benign variant of scleroderma and consists of calcinosis(C), Raynauds phenomenon(R), sclerodactyly(S) and telangiectasia(T). The authors report a case of CRST syndrome confirmed by both clinical and histopathological findings. A 62-year-old female developed subcutaneous nodules on both elbow and knee joints, Raynauds phenomenon, sclerodactyly with acrosclerosis and scleroderrnatous changes on both hands and forearms and telangiectasia on the face, neck, and hands of 15 years duration, but she had no difficulty in swallowing. The authors treated a case of CRST syndrome with weekly intra-arterial administration of reserpine and were impressed not only by the marked loosening of the skin but also by the striking effect on the Raynauds phenornena; the latter disappeared within a few weeks of treatment.
CREST Syndrome* ; Deglutition ; Elbow ; Female ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Reserpine* ; Skin ; Strikes, Employee ; Telangiectasis

No abstract available.
Alcoholism* ; Primary Health Care*