PURPOSE: This study aims to identify the general characteristics, subjects, and methods of research on the health of North Korean refugees through a systematic literature review. METHODS: A total of 140 studies on health were reviewed using the analytical framework developed by the researchers. RESULTS: The quantitative research comprised 90.7% of the studies, whereas the qualitative research were 7.9% of them. Approximately 81.4% of those reviewed have publication dates spanning 2006 to 2015. Only 13.6% of the studies were conducted with the approval of an institutional review board. The subjects of studies were psycho-social health (151.8%), behavioral health (28.5%), cognitive health (15.0%), physical health (12.2%), integrated health (7.8%), and spiritual health (2.8%). Within the quantitative studies reviewed, the most commonly used study design was survey research (86.0%). The two sampling methods used most often were convenience sampling (53.5%) and snowball sampling (19.4%), and the most commonly used data-collection method were questionnaires (94.6%). As for the qualitative studies, the most commonly used study design was phenomenology. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the reviewed studies focused on physical health more than psycho-social health, and physiological measurement more than questionnaires. Ethical considerations need to be expanded.
Democratic People's Republic of Korea ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Humans ; Methods ; Publications ; Qualitative Research ; Refugees*

In order to observe the arrhythmia which occured in early convalescent phase of acute myocardial infarction, a 24 hour ambulartory ECG monitiring was performed in 15 patients who is admitted at dept of Int Medicine, Ewha Womans University hospital from Aug. 1985 to Sept. 1986. during 7.5+/-3.4 days after admission. In all cases one or more of the following arrhythmias were observed;atrial premature beat, ventricular premature beat(VPB), transient paroxysmal ventricular thchycardia, atrial fibrillation, sinus arrest and junctional beat. Of 15 cases, 11(77.3%) had VPB's:Simple VPB's in 4 cases(26.7%) and complex VPB's(6.52+/-2.52)(P<0.05). But there were no difference of premature and abberancy index between complex VPB's and simple VPB's(P>0.1). In addition, we compaired the arrhythmias in CCU with those of early convalescent phase of acute myocardial infarction. But there was no correlation between them.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; Electrocardiography* ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction*

This study was designed to examine the effects of fractions of ethanol extract of Benincasa hispida (wax gourd) on hepatic antioxidative status in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were induced diabetes mellitus by STZ injection (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein and were divided into 5 groups: normal, STZ-control, three experimental diabetic groups. Fractions of ethanol extract of Benincasa hispida were administered orally into the diabetic rats for 14 days. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity (determined with H2O2 as substrate) was increased in the groups supplemented with chloroform (CHCl3) and butanol (BuOH) fractions. Glutathione peroxidase (GR) activity in the liver cytosol of H2O fraction groups was significantly lower than that of STZ-control group. The H2O fraction supplemented group has been shown the notably decrease in the hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The hepatic cytosol catalase (CAT) activity was significant decreased by the supplementation with BuOH fraction. It was found from the results that the supplementation of BuOH and H2O fractions of Benincasa hispida extract could be beneficial for the diabetic complications and damages from the lipid peroxidation.
Animals ; Catalase ; Chloroform ; Cytosol ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Ethanol ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Streptozocin* ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Veins

This study will test one's spiritual well-being which can be an effective hope factor, and, if so found, suggests the importance of such factors in healing cancer. From this research, a total of 97 samples were used, either hospitalized in or outpatients of the general hospitals in Seoul. The hope scale proposed by Paloutzion and Ellison(1982) and Nowotny's Hope Scale(1989) was used. Data was collected from February to April 1998 to be processed by the SAS statistical package. The study has resulted as follows: 1. The average score and the standard deviation of the overall spiritual well-being recorded 82.36 +/- 15.93, with religious and existential sectors being 40.81 +/- 10.27 and 41.55 +/- 7.72, respectively. 2. The spiritual well-being scores differed significantly according to the sample's level of education, religion, belief, the length of period of religious practices, and the frequency of participation in the religious meeting. 3. THe hope score of the sampled cancer patients showed an average of 82.94 with the standard deviation of 10.27. 4. The demographic characteristics were found to have resulted in a significant difference in the hope scores in such areas as religion and strength of the faith. 5. The hypothesis was supported that the spiritual well-being has a positive effect on the patient's hope (r=.632, p=.0001). 6. A multiple regression analysis indicated that the existential well-being(50%), age(5%), and the religious well-being(2%) significantly explained the hope scores. Viewing that religion and faith contributed significantly to a patient's spiritual well-being and hope, nurses should better regard and furthermore encourage the religious life of the cancer patient. Also suggested is that spiritual caring proven very effective by this study be applied actively in enhancing the hope for the cancer patients.
Education ; Hope* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Huntington Disease*

The 35 patients who have suffered from myositis ossificans were investigated for 11 years. They wereposttraumatic patients, They trauma was divided into 3 groups; spinal cord injury, direct injury(fracture) andmixed type involving both. We evaluated the age distribution, the frequency of myositis ossificans, predilectionsite, bilaterality and relation between predilection site and bilaterality to the type of trauma. The results areas follows; 1. The age distribution was highest in 4th decades(12 among 35 patients). 2. In regard to distributionof 35 patients, spinal cord injury were most common (15 cases, 43%), the fracture nextly common (14, 40%) and thenmixed type (6,17%). 3. Among 51 cases of myositis ossificans, the frequency was highest in spinal cord injury(25cases, 49%), next was fracture(14, 27%). 4. The correlation between predilection site of myositis ossificans andlevel of spinal cord injury, hip is the most frequent site in thoracic injury. 6. The bilaterality of myositisossificans is 39%(20 among 51 lesions).
Age Distribution ; Hip ; Humans ; Myositis Ossificans ; Myositis ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Thoracic Injuries

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients often have postoperative psychiatric disorders compared with young patients. METHODS: This study was undertaken to compare the effects of general or regional anesthesia on postoperative psychiatric disorders in 31 elderly patients with elective orthopedic and urological surgery. Mini Mental States Examinations(MMSE) was done to find out postoperative delirium at preoperative, postoperative 6hours, 1st, 3rd, and 7th days. RESULTS: Mean changes in MMSE score after general anesthesia were significantly decreased compared with preoperative score and with in regional anesthesia at postoperative 6 hours and 1st day. Postoperative MMSE scores were decreased below 17 points in 17 patients among 22 patients in general anesthesia and 3 patients among 26 patients in regional anesthesia. Hospital admission duration were significantly prolonged in general anesthesia compare with regional anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of postoperative delirium is more common after general aneshtesia than after regional anesthesia. Therefore regional anesthesia is recommeded in elderly patients to decrease postoperative delirium.
Aged* ; Anesthesia, Conduction* ; Anesthesia, General* ; Delirium* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Orthopedics

BACKGROUND: A retrospective study was performed to evaluate postoperative mortality within 30 days following surgery. METHODS: The records of 31,806 patients who received operation under general anesthesia were reviewed. RESULTS: 1) Postoperative deaths were 184 cases, the ratio of which was comprising 0.57% of all surgical operative cases. 2) The highest ratio of the mortality in age group was 51~60 years group which was 24.5%, and in physical status it was ASA class III which was 36.4%. The highest ratio to the mortality rate in postoperative days was 8~30 days which was 45.1%. 3) The most common causes of death was low cardiac output due to heart failure on operating theater, and hypovolemic shock within postoperative 2 days, and intracranial problem within postoperative 7 days, and pulmonary complication within postoperative 30 days. CONCLUSION: We conclude that fatality rate could be decreased by intensive and multidisciplinary care for postoperaive complications as respiratory and renal failure.
Anesthesia, General ; Cardiac Output, Low ; Cause of Death ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Mortality ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock

The purpose of this study is to develop the standards of care in rehabilitation nurse specialist. This study was a descriptive survey. The data were collected 143 nurses who were worked in rehabilitation unit at 4 university hospital and 3 rehabilitation center in Korea from Aug. to Nov. 2000. The questionnaire was consisted of 78 items developed by the standards of care in rehabilitation nurse specialist in A.R.N. and the practice contents of care at rehabilitation unit in Korea. Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, S.D. ANOVA The results are as follows 1. For the adequency of the practice contents of rehabilitation nursing, area of skin care is the highest score, and safety, elimination, emotion, respiration, was ordered. 2. The adequency of the practice contents of rehabilitation nursing according to age, educational level. position. clinical experience, clinical experience in rehabilitation unit were significant difference.
Korea ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Rehabilitation Nursing ; Rehabilitation* ; Respiration ; Skin Care ; Specialization* ; Standard of Care*

PURPOSE: Developing a curriculum(DACUM) is a method of analyzing job focused competency, which is obtained from the data of an expert belonging to a certain career. In this study the DACUM method was used to analyze the jobs of operating room nurses. METHOD: Through the DACUM workshop which was arranged by two DACUM facillitators, a definition of the role of operating room nurses was developed and then duties and tasks of operating room nurses' were identified. For the workshop, a DACUM committee with 10 operating room nurses was organized. Finally, the duties and tasks which were identified were validated by 422 nurses for importance, difficulty, and frequency. RESULTS: Thirteen duties and 105 tasks were identified on the DACUM chart, where importance, difficulty, and frequency of tasks were represented by alphabet letters A, B, and C as higher degree of importance. The determinant coefficient(DC) showed that the most important duty was assisting with operations(DC=6.61), and the least, managing operating materials(DC=4.22). For tasks, the most important ones were assisting in orthostatic surgery(DC=7.60), and assisting in thoracic surgery(DC=7.38), and the least important making gauze ball(DC=2.39), and saving of operation site((DC=3.27). CONCLUSION: The results suggest a need to develop an education program using the DACUM chart as a basis for the development and as a clinical career ladder and for curriculum of operating room nursing.
Career Mobility ; Curriculum ; Job Description ; Operating Room Nursing ; Operating Rooms