Varioua articles have been reported that extemal contactants were the cause Acne venenata. The daily use of cosmetics are tbe cause of Acne minor in adult wamen. To distinguish this from other type of Acne venenata due to extemal contactants Kligman had coined the term Acne cosmetica, which is a low grade persistant acneiform eruption with occasional papulopustulea in adult women. The authors have tested a wide range of available cosmetics(Total twenty including four kinds of cold cream species, two of cleansing cream species, three of nutrient cream species, six of lotion species, three of foundation make up species and two of foreign cosmetics) using the rabbit ear assay recently popularized by Kligman in order to evaluate comedogenic effects of various Korean ccsmetics. The results a.re as follows. 1. Among these twenty facial cosmetics, We observed no comedogenccicy in two facial cosmetics, mildly comcdogenecity in twelve facial cosmetics, moderately comedo- genecity in four facial cosmetics and severe comedogenecity in two facial cosmetics. 2. Histologic gradings were paralleled the findings of tbe naked eye in up to 65% 3. There were significant differences on comedogenecity between Korean cosmetics and foreign cosmetics which used by Kligman. 4. There were no significant diffrences between cold cream species, cleansing cream species. nutrient, cream species, lotion species and foundation make up species. 5, There were various differences among twenty kinds of every cosmetic specie.
Acne Vulgaris ; Acneiform Eruptions ; Adult ; Ear ; Female ; Humans ; Numismatics

No abstract available.
Humans ; Ilium* ; Tissue Donors*

Transitional vertebrae include lumbarization and sacralization of lumbosacral region. The prevalence of transitional vertebra was reported as 3 to 21%. It is known that transitional vertebra is related to herniated nucleus pulposus and spinal stenosis but there is no report in English literature about the relationship of transitional vertebra to spondylolysis or spondylolytic spondylolisthesis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship of transitional vertebra to spondylolysis or spondylolytic spondylolisthesis and to find out the clinical relevance for the treatment. The cases included 182 cases of spondylolysis or spondylolytic spondylolisthesis who were treated at Severance hospital from 1987 to 1993. There were 33 cases of transitional vetebra; 12 lumbarization and 21 sacralization. And there were remaining 149 cases of control group. The degree of anterior sippage was measured by Meyerding's grading and percentage of Taillard method. As the results, the degree of average anterior slippage of L4 was 14.5% in the cases of isthmic defect in L4 and sacralization. The average slippage of L4 was 11.4% in the control group. The degree of average anterior slippage of L5 was 12.5% in the cases of isthmic defect in L5 and lumbarization, and 9.5% in the cases of isthmic defect in L5 and sacralization. The average slippage of L5 was 16.2% in the control group. In summary and conclusion, the cases with isthmic defect in L4 and sacralization showed more anterior slippage than the cases with isthmic defect in L4 without transitional vertebrae, and the cases with isthmic defect in L5 and sacralization showed less anterior slippage than the cases with isthmic defect in L5 without transitional vertebrae. It is concluded that more aggressive treatment is recommended in the cases of isthmic defect in L4 and sacralization, whereas more conservative treatment is recommended in the cases of isthmic defect in L5 and sacralization.
Lumbosacral Region ; Methods ; Prevalence ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylolysis

The treatment of Achilles tendon rupture is controversial between surgical repair and conservative cast treatment. This study was attempted to compare the biomechanical and morphological results between operative and nonoperative treatments of experimentally tenotomized rabbit Achilles tendon with the lapse of time. A total of 72 adult rabbits were used. After tenotomizing the Achilles tendons, the subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the time of the initiation of the treatment and each group was subdivided into 2 further subgroups according to the method of treatment; immediate operation and nonoperation, 1 week delayed operation and nonoperation, and 2 weeks delayed operation and nonoperation subgroups. Ten animals from each subgroup were sacrificed after four weeks of cast immobilization and the Achilles tendons were prepared for the gross, biomechanical and histological examinations. At the same time, two animals from each subgroup were examined by Microfil perfusion for microvascular changes in the healed tendons. On biomechanical examination, maximal loads were decreased with the lapse of time in each treatment method, and there were statistical significances between the immediate and 2 weeks delayed operation subgroups, 1 week and 2 weeks delayed operation subgroups, and immediate and 2 weeks delayed nonoperation subgroups. A maximal loads were higher in the operative treatment of each group but there was no statistical significances between operative and nonoperative treatment of each group. The results of absorption energy and stiffness were similar to those of maximal load. In conclusion, these results suggest that a rupture of the Achilles tendon should be treated as early as possible preferably within 1 week, in order to achieve a high tensile strength irrespective of the treatment method. In terms of rerupture, nonoperative treatment is comparable with surgical treatment if a rupture of Achilles tendon is managed within 2 weeks of injury.
Absorption ; Achilles Tendon ; Adult ; Animals ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Perfusion ; Rabbits ; Rupture ; Silicone Elastomers ; Tendons ; Tensile Strength

Five cases of congenital pseuduthrosis of the tibia were treated at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Medical Center from September 1971 to February 1982. In four cases, many cafe-au-lait spots were shown on the whole body skin, which are suggestive of neurofibromatosis. The evidence of hereditary factor is elicited on Case 2. Satisfactory bony union occurred in Case 1 & 3 in which the delayed autogenous bone graft was used. Among various methods of treatment of the congenitaeudarthrosis, in this study, the delayed autogenous bone graft and the free vascularized bone graft was recommended.
Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Fibrinogen ; Neurofibromatoses ; Orthopedics ; Pseudarthrosis ; Skin ; Tibia ; Transplants

The Tikhoff-Linberg procedure is a limb-sparing surgical option to be considered for bony and soft tissue tumors in and around the proximal humerus and shoulder girdle. The authors reported 6 cases of the Tikhoff-Linberg procedure for tumors around the shoulder Joint at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Severance Hospital from March 1988 to August 1989. 1. The 6 cases were composed of 2 osteogenic sarcoma, 2 chondrosarcoma, 1 chondroblastoma, and 1 giant cell tumor cases. 2. The tumors were completely removed by the Tikhoff-Linberg procedure without amputation or disarticulation of the upper extremity. 3. The distal clavicle, upper humerus and or parts or all of the scapula were resected. 4. The Tihkoff-Linberg procedure was performed for patients whose tumors did not involve the neurovascular bundle in the axilIa. 5. The function of the hand and forearm after the Tihkoff-Linberg procedure are near normal in all cases. 6. The Tikhoff-Linberg procedure would be recommended as a limb-sparing operation for tumors around the shoulder joint that were required wide resection without disarticularion or forequarter of the upper extremities.
Amputation ; Chondroblastoma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Clavicle ; Disarticulation ; Forearm ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Hand ; Humans ; Humerus ; Orthopedics ; Osteosarcoma ; Scapula ; Shoulder Joint ; Shoulder ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Child* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Spinal*

Six thumb reconstructions and one index reconstruction were performed by use of the wrap-around technique. All successful digital reconstructions were reviewed at an average of 37 months after surgery. There were complications related to the digits in three patients ; these included pin site infection (1), malrotation (1), and nail deformity (1). But we considered that function and cosmesis were excellent with a 100% viability rate. All patients regained protective sensation and sttained two-point discrimination (average 10mm). The wrap-around technique represents an esthetically and functionally excellent procedure of digit reconstruction for amputation at the level of metacarpo-phalangeal joint or distal to it.
Amputation ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Fingers ; Humans ; Joints ; Sensation ; Thumb

Various dermatological complications have been reported following the BCG vaccination although this vaccination has been recommended to all healthy infants in our country. A 4-months-old boy, who had a BCG vaccination three weeks after birth, developed erythematous papules and pustules on the whole body, especially on the face and upper extremities. Two erythematous subcutaneous soft nodules were also noted on the left side of the neck. A biopsy specimen from the right forearm revealed caseous necrosis surrounded by a granulomatous inflammation consisting of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes. It was centered along the axis of the damaged pilosebaceous follicle. No acid-fast bacilli could be demonstrated by AFB stain. A marked improvement of his skin eruptions was observed after anti-tuberculosis medication. However, nod-ules in the cervical area perforated spontaneously and healed leaving scars several months after the cutaneous eruptions subsided. The clinical and histologic findings and a good response to anti-tuberculous therapy support the diagnosis of papular tuberculid and suppurative lymphadenitis after BCG vaccination.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Biopsy ; Cicatrix ; Diagnosis ; Epithelioid Cells ; Forearm ; Humans ; Infant ; Inflammation ; Lymphadenitis* ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Parturition ; Skin ; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous* ; Upper Extremity ; Vaccination*

In order to assess the epidermal glycogen in the epidermal hyperplastic disease, PAS(Periodic Acid Schiff) stain with or without diastase is used. Epidermal PAS positive reaction is significantly increased in psoriasis (90. 0%), verruca vulgaris (100%) and lichen simplex chronicus (100%) than control group (12, 5%) Epidermal PAS positive reaction is relatively increased in prurigo nodularis(66. 7 %) and chronic contact dermatitis (75%) Strong PAS positive reaction is noticed in 3 of 5 cases (60%) with verruca vulgaris, but none of 22 cases with psoriasis. It is suggested that epidermal glycogen epidermal hyperplasia and that the more glycogen accumulated. than control group (12. 5%) in 3 of 5 cases (60%) with verruca vulaccumulation is accompanied with the hyperplastic the epidermis is, the more glycogen accumulated.
Amylases ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Epidermis ; Glycogen* ; Hyperplasia* ; Neurodermatitis ; Prurigo ; Psoriasis ; Warts