PURPOSE: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) has been found to be the causative factors of apnea, stridor, feeding intolerance, poor weight gain, and sudden infants death syndrome (SIDS) in infants. GER is a well-described in infants and children, but only scant mention of the premature infants with GER can be found in the literature. METHODS: Esophageal pH was measured during 24 hour in 21 healthy preterm infants, using a silicone microelectrode with an external reference electrode connected to a portable recorder. The mean age of the patients was 29+/-8 days, mean gestational age was 30(+5)+/-2(+0) weeks, mean birth weight was 1,468+/-329 g, mean postconceptional age was 34(+6)+/-1(+4) weeks and mean weight was 1,750+/-329 g. We evaluated the following reflux parameters; number of acid reflux, number of long acid reflux, longest acid reflux minutes, and reflux index. RESULTS: Pathologic GER was detected in 12 (57%) subjects and most interesting parameters are reflux index and number of episodes with a pH<4 during 24 hour (high correlation with postprandial reflux index). Reflux was not correlated to gestational age, birth weight, age, postconceptional age, weight, sex and medication of the theophylline. CONCLUSION: Gastroesophageal reflux is common in preterm infants, but it is usually not apparent, even with severe reflux.
Apnea ; Birth Weight ; Child ; Electrodes ; Esophageal pH Monitoring* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Microelectrodes ; Respiratory Sounds ; Silicones ; Theophylline ; Weight Gain

No abstract available.
Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital* ; Lung*

To understand the role of Transglutaminase K(TGase K) in skin diseases, the expression of TGase K protein was studied in hyperkeratotic inflammatory skin diseases, and in several different kinds of benign and malignant skin tumors. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the TGase K protein with a new anti-human TGase K polyclonal antibody. This antibody showed the same immuno- histochemical staining pattern as in previously published immunofluorescence data with the exception that the immunohistochemical stain showed a slightly weaker stain in the granular layer. However, the staining intensity was decreased in psoriasis, which is opposite for results obtained with the widely used TGase K monoclonal antibody B.C1. In other hyperkeratotic inflammatory skin diseases, like pityriasis rubra pilaria, lichen planus, and pityriasis rosea, the staining patterns were similar while the staining intensity was decreased, compared to normal epidermis. Squamous cell carcinoma showed a diffuse staining pattern in tumor cells with a small intensity increase in well differentiated tumor cells. However, in actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease, which are thought to be precursors of squamous cell carcinoma, the staining intensity was weak. The tumor cells of basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and seborrheic keratosis showed a weak staining intensity.
Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; External Fixators ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Lichen Planus ; Melanoma ; Pityriasis ; Pityriasis Rosea ; Psoriasis ; Skin Diseases* ; Skin*

Pigmented photoallergic contact dermatitis is a disease usually resulting from recurrent cutaneous exposure to cosmetic photoallergens which produce bizarre dark brown hyperpigmentation. Histologicnl examination of this condition reveals liquefaction of the basal cells of the epidmis and melanophages in the upper dermis. A 50-year-female developed dark brownish mottled hyperpigmented patches on her face after using a soap named O.E. and taking a nap every afternoon for 4 years. The histological fmding on the lesion site was consistent with pigmented photoallergic contact dermatitis. The cosmetic photopatch test with, O.E. soap, and the Scandinavian scries resulted in a positive reaction only on one side where 5 J/cm2 lights were applied by using Waldman 800UV machine. The other side howed a negative finding. We fmally diagnosed pigmented photoallergic contact dermatitis based on the patients histoty of using the soap containing musk ambrette, a histological examination of a biopsy and the results of photopatch tests. We report rare case of pigmented photoallergic contact dermatitis.
Biopsy ; Dermatitis, Photoallergic* ; Dermis ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Soaps

Linear IgA bullous dermatoses(LABD) occurring in childhood is considered to be a childhood counterpart of LABD,rather than chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood. This disease characteristically involves the perioral area,lower trunk,pelvic region and the lower extremities. Immunopathologically,it is characterized by the linear deposits of IgA at the dermoepidermal junction of the perilesional skin. A 20-month-old female infant presented with multiple pruritic tense bullae on the face, lower trunk, both extremities and pelvic region of 2 weeks duration. She had no oral lesions or any specific signs or symptoms referable to the disease of the gastrointestinal tract. A skin biopsy revealed subepidermal blisters infiltrated with many neutrophils and a few eosinophils. Direct immunofluorescence demonstrated linear deposition of IgA at the dermoepidermal junction. An indirect immunofluorescence study using NaC1-split skin as the substrate revealed fluorescence for IgA in a linear pattern on the roof of the split at a titer of 1:40. The clinical diagnosis of LABD of childhood was confirmed and we started with a combined remedy of dapsone and corticosteroids; 10 weeks later almost all of the lesions had disappeared.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Biopsy ; Blister ; Dapsone ; Diagnosis ; Eosinophils ; Extremities ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Infant ; Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis* ; Lower Extremity ; Neutrophils ; Pelvis ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

BACKGROUND: Calcium gluconate intralesional injection which is widely used as topical treatment of hydrofluoric acid burn gives doctors some inconvenience, since it requires a certain care about the quantity and pressure of infiltration and so on. Therefore we made calcium gluconate jelly, as the suggestion of Kono, for the convenience of topical use. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of calcium gluconate jelly in hydrofluoric acid burn. METHODS: After carefully shaving off the hair of the back of guinea pigs, each side of the back were burned by three concentrations(5%, 25%, 50% ) of hydrofluoric acid. Left side of guinea pigs back(control group) was treated with saline and hyamine lavage, right side(treated group) was applied with calcium gluconate jelly after hyamine lavage. Then we evaluate the clinical and histologic feature accorriing to each time. RESULTS: Clinical findings : In 5% hydrofluoric acid burn, both group showed no clinical response until 5 days. In 25% hydrofluoric acid burn, a mild erythema began from 3 hours after exposure in control group, but it began from 12 hours in treated group. In 50% hydrofluoric acid burn, moderate degree skin ulcer developed after 2 days in control group, but it developed after 3 days in treated group. Histopathological findings: In 5% hydrofluoric acid burn, only some inflammatory cell infiltrates in upper dermis were observed in both group after 5 days. In 25% hydrofluoric acid burn, both group showed epidermal cell damage after 6 hours. After 5 days subepidermal bullae and inflammatory cell infiltrates in upper dermis were observed in control group, but only shallow subcorneal bullae and inflammatory cell infiltrates were observed in experimental group. In 50% hydrofluoric acid burn, control group showed epidermal cell damage after 3 hours and subcutaneous fat necrosis were observed after 5 days. But in experimental group epidermal cell damage began after 6 hours, and only subepidermal bullae and inflammatory cell infiltrates in mid dermis were observed after 5 days. Subcutaneous fat necrosis was not observed until 5 days in experimental group. CONCLUSION: Calcium gluconale jelly and hyamine solution showed the same therapeutic effect in low concentration(5%) hydrofluoric acid burn. But, in mid to high concentration(25%, 50%) hydrofluoric acid burn, topically applied calcium gluconate jelly significantly reduce the tissue damage comparing with hyamie solution. It suggest the therapeutic effect of calcium gluconate jelly in hydrofluoric acid burn treatment is more convenient form.
Animals ; Burns* ; Calcium Gluconate* ; Calcium* ; Dermis ; Erythema ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair ; Hydrofluoric Acid* ; Injections, Intralesional ; Necrosis ; Skin Ulcer ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Therapeutic Irrigation

Tardive dyskinesia(TD) is a serious side effect of long-term treatment with neuroleptic medications. To investigate if glutamatergic hyperfunction is associated with TD, effect of MK-801 on the prevention and treatment of TD was studied using a rat model, i.e., vacuous chewing movements(VCM). When comparing VCM scores of Group I(haldol decanoate+MK-801) with that of Group II(hadol decanoate+phosphate buffer saline), late measured VCM scores of former were significantly lower than that of latter, meaning that MK-801 is effective in the prevention of VCM. Furthermore, when MK-801 is also effective in the treatment of VCM. From the above results, it is suggested that glutamatergic hyperfunction might be involved in the development of TD and MK801 could be effective in the prevention and treatment of it.
Dizocilpine Maleate* ; Mastication ; Models, Animal ; Movement Disorders*

No abstract available.
Mucous Membrane* ; Muramidase* ; Turbinates*

No Abstract Available.
Cadaver* ; Humans* ; Spinal Cord* ; Spine*

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is the most common ovarian germ cell neoplasm comprising (10-20%) of all ovarian tumors and almost always benign, but it can be developed into malignancy rarely. We have recently experienced one case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in mature cystic teratoma of the right ovary in 67-year-old postmenopausal woman. The ovarian tumor was measured 17x12.5x8 cm in size and had not intact capsule, and the peritoneal washing cytology was positive. The survival rate with cancerous dermoid is very poor. Neither of two forms of postoperative treatment (radiotherapy and chemotherapy) has any significant influence on survival. We report above case with a brief review of literature.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Dermoid Cyst ; Female ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Ovary* ; Survival Rate ; Teratoma*